Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and cognitive disturbances. Despite its prevalence, the pathophysiology of FM remains poorly understood, with current treatments often providing limited relief. Recent studies have suggested that metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, may have potential therapeutic benefits for chronic pain conditions, including FM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic and debilitating condition characterized by diffuse pain, often associated with symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and mood disorders. Metformin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, has recently gained attention for its potential benefits beyond glucose regulation. It has shown promise in alleviating neuropathic and inflammatory pain, suggesting that it could offer a novel approach to managing chronic pain conditions like FM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEtoricoxib is a widely used anti-inflammatory drug, but its safety profile concerning cardiovascular and renal health remains inadequately explored. This study aimed to assess the nephro- and cardiotoxic effects of etoricoxib in a murine model, with a focus on its impact on arachidonic acid-metabolizing enzymes and beta-adrenergic receptors associated with drug-induced toxicity. Thirty-five mice were randomly assigned to five groups: control, low-dose etoricoxib, high-dose etoricoxib, low-dose celecoxib, and high-dose celecoxib (a well-known nephro- and cardiotoxic NSAID).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigated the association between sedentary behavior (SB) and wish to die (WTD; i.e., feeling that one would be better off dead or wishing for one's own death), and the extent to which this can be explained by sleep problems, depression, anxiety, loneliness, perceived stress, and social network in a nationally representative sample of adults aged ≥50 years from Ireland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the demyelination of nerves, axonal damage, and neuroinflammation. Cognition impairment, pain, and loss of mobility are some of the usual complications of MS. It has been postulated that the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main factors that contribute to MS pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
May 2024
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant global health concern, characterized by neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in AD development and progression, yet effective pharmacotherapy remains elusive. Sulforaphane (SFN), derived from cruciferous vegetables and mainly from broccoli, has shown a promising effect via in vitro and in vivo studies as a potential treatment for AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe salient features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompass persistent difficulties in social communication, as well as the presence of restricted and repetitive facets of behavior, hobbies, or pursuits, which are often accompanied with cognitive limitations. Over the past few decades, a sizable number of studies have been conducted to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of ASD. Preclinical rat models have proven to be extremely valuable in simulating and analyzing the roles of a wide range of established environmental and genetic factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Melatonin is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms in mammals. Tramadol, a synthetic opioid analgesic, is used to manage moderate to severe pain but has a high potential for abuse and dependence. Studies have shown that melatonin could be a potential modulator to reduce tramadol addiction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe genus Cornus (Cornaceae) plants are widely distributed in Europe, southwest Asia, North America, and the mountains of Central America, South America, and East Africa. Cornus plants exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiproliferative, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and immunomodulatory activities. These plants are exploited to possess various phytoconstituents such as triterpenoids, iridoids, anthocyanins, tannins and flavonoids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAquaporins (AQPs) are ubiquitous channel proteins that play a critical role in the homeostasis of the cellular environment by allowing the transit of water, chemicals, and ions. They can be found in many different types of cells and organs, including the lungs, eyes, brain, glands, and blood vessels. By controlling the osmotic water flux in processes like cell growth, energy metabolism, migration, adhesion, and proliferation, AQPs are capable of exerting their regulatory influence over a wide range of cellular processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Red marine algae have shown the potential to reduce inflammation, influence microbiota, and provide neuroprotection.
Objective: To examine the prebiotic properties of aqueous extract () and its potential as a neuroprotective agent in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: eighty-eight adult Swiss mice were divided into four male and four female groups, including a control group (distilled water), -treated group (600 mg/kg b.
Frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables in the daily diet may alleviate the risk of developing chronic diseases. L. (carrot), L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Recognition of stroke symptoms and emergency medical services (EMS) calls have a significant impact on patient management and outcome after acute strokes. The objective of this study is to assess the presence of a gap in the Saudi population between the recognition of stroke symptoms and the appropriate response to call EMS.
Materials And Methods: This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey study was conducted among the Saudi population with 563 total participants.
Glia, which was formerly considered to exist just to connect neurons, now plays a key function in a wide range of physiological events, including formation of memory, learning, neuroplasticity, synaptic plasticity, energy consumption, and homeostasis of ions. Glial cells regulate the brain's immune responses and confers nutritional and structural aid to neurons, making them an important player in a broad range of neurological disorders. Alzheimer's, ALS, Parkinson's, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and epilepsy are a few of the neurodegenerative diseases that have been linked to microglia and astroglia cells, in particular.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain is primarily responsible for the onset of the disease. The major challenge faced in the treatment of PD is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which impedes the delivery of therapeutics to targeted locations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis research was conducted to validate the folkloric use of (QL) leaf extracts against inflammation and arthritis and to determine the chemical composition using HPLC. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of QL were evaluated by anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory (inhibition of protein denaturation and membrane stabilization) assays, and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan and xylene-induced edema) and anti-arthritic models. For anti-arthritic potential, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFinding a link between a hormone and microRNAs (miRNAs) is of great importance since it enables the adjustment of genetic composition or cellular functions without needing gene-level interventions. The dicer-mediated cleavage of precursor miRNAs is an interface link between miRNA and its regulators; any disruption in this process can affect neurogenesis. Besides, the hormonal regulation of miRNAs can occur at the molecular and cellular levels, both directly, through binding to the promoter elements of miRNAs, and indirectly, via regulation of the signaling effects of the post-transcriptional processing proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStimulation of remyelination is critical for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) to alleviate symptoms and protect the myelin sheath from further damage. The current study aimed to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of combining vitamin D3 (Vit D3) and siponimod (Sipo) on enhancing remyelination and modulating microglia phenotypes in the cuprizone (CPZ) demyelination mouse model. The study was divided into two stages; demyelination (first 5 weeks) and remyelination (last 4 weeks).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe updated affiliation information can be seen in the affiliation part of this correction [...
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