Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with bioactive metabolites: Preparation, characterization, and antifungal activity.

is a severe danger to worldwide maize () cultivation, due to its extreme toxicity of aflatoxins produced by the fungi, and its ability to cause economic losses while also posing a health concern to humans and animals. Among the measures that may be considered for control, applying coatings based on natural ingredients appears to be the most promising. The current work examines the antagonistic ability of bioactive metabolites added to chitosan nanoparticles against on maize kernels.

Borderline Personality Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Current Diagnostic Practices, Treatment Modalities, and Key Controversies.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex psychiatric condition characterized by pervasive patterns of instability in emotions, interpersonal relationships, and self-image. This comprehensive review explores the current diagnostic practices, treatment modalities, and ongoing controversies surrounding BPD. We discuss established and proposed diagnostic criteria, highlight the limitations of current assessment tools, and examine the epidemiology of the disorder, including its prevalence and comorbidities.

Reevaluating Normal-Flow Low-Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis: Clinical Phenotypes and Outcomes in Severe Aortic Stenosis Among TAVR Patients.

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) is a complex condition with various hemodynamic subtypes, each with distinct clinical profiles and outcomes. This study aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of different AS phenotypes based on flow and gradient patterns.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included 930 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe symptomatic AS at Mayo Clinic sites from 2012-2017.

Controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol attenuates cardiovascular risk mediated by elevated lipoprotein(a) after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an independent, causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, it is still unclear whether controlling low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to optimal levels can attenuate cardiovascular risk mediated by elevated Lp(a), especially in the setting of secondary prevention.

Methods: Adult patients with a baseline Lp(a) measurement who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and reached their LDL-C target levels (<70 mg/dl) at Mayo Clinic sites between 2006 and 2017 were included.

Unveiling the potential anticancer activity of Spirulina maxima extract-nanoemulsion through in vitro and in vivo studies.

Being the second leading cause of death globally, cancer has been a long-standing and rapidly evolving focus of biomedical research and practice in the world. Recently, there has been growing interest in cyanobacteria. This focus is particularly evident in developing innovative anticancer treatments to reduce reliance on traditional chemotherapy.

Carboxymethyl cellulose/shellac composite loaded with pomegranate extract and jojoba oil as anti-mycotic and anti-mycotoxigenic food packaging materials.

Food commodities, including mycotoxins naturally produced from toxigenic fungi (pre- or post-harvest), are particularly vulnerable to contamination. The study intended to use unique bioactive composites loaded with antimicrobial constituents for food packaging. Three composite types are based on carboxymethyl cellulose/shellac (CMC/SH) and loaded with pomegranate extract (POE) with or without jojoba oil (JOE) at various concentrations.

Global, regional, and national burdens of intracerebral hemorrhage and its risk factors from 1990 to 2021.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) burden in 204 countries and territories worldwide from 1990 to 2021, disaggregated by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI) at the global, regional, and country levels.

Methods: Data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were used to calculate age-standardized prevalence (ASPR), incidence (ASIR), death (ASDR), and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates for ICH. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess time patterns.

Productive, Reproductive, Behavioural, Gene Expression, Histological, and Economic Criteria of Feeding Fenugreek and Berseem Seeds as Alternative Protein Sources in New Zealand White Does Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus).

Feed cost represents about 70% of the total production costs of rabbit farms. There is little research on the usage of Berseem and Fenugreek seeds as substitutes for soybeans in rabbit diets. The current investigation was conducted to assess the influence of dietary inclusion of Fenugreek and/or Berseem seeds at varying levels as a substitute for soybean meal on reproductive performance, milk production, maternal behaviour, economic efficiency, mammary gland and ovarian histology, and relative expression of reproductive genes of New Zealand White rabbit does.

Genetic Diversity and Drought Stress Tolerance of a Global Collection of Pearl Millet at Germination and Early Seedling Growth Stages.

Pearl millet {Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br} is a C4 panicoid cereal millet crop grown in arid and semi-arid regions in Africa and Asia for food and fodder.

Gentisic acid attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis through the modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Asthma, a lung disorder that causes impaired respiratory function, is characterized by an apparent infiltration of inflammatory cells. Gentisic acid (GA), a phenolic acid common in food ingredients, has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Its potential application in mitigating asthma, however, remains unexplored.

Antifungal effect of Algerian essential oil nanoemulsions to control and in Thomson Navel oranges ( L. Osbeck).

Fungal infection is a potential issue in citrus fruits, while essential oils from and could be better alternatives to synthetic fungicides in orange preservation. The nanoparticles produced during ultrasonication exhibited a monomodal distribution of particle sizes with a mean zeta potential and a polydispersity index mean value of 74.12 nm, -38.

PERCEPTION OF UROLOGY SPECIALTY AND FACTORS INFLUENCE ITS CONSIDERATION AS A CAREER CHOICE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS.

Background: Urology is a branch of medicine that deals with different diseases of the urinary tract or the reproductive organs in both men and women. It is well known that there is an increase in the number of urological diseases that are being encountered in both primary and secondary health services. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perception and interest in urology specialty among medical students at Qassim University and provide an idea about factors influencing student's consideration of pursuing urology as a career choice.

Impact of moderate or severe mitral and tricuspid valves regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and mitral regurgitation (MR) are common valvular conditions encountered in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This retrospective study investigates the impact of moderate or severe TR and MR on all-cause mortality in 1-year post-TAVR patients.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent TAVR at the 3 academic tertiary care centers in our health system between 2012 and 2018 were identified.

Evaluation of patient satisfaction and maximum biting force of three differently constructed bars on two implants retaining mandibular overdenture - one year follow-up (a randomized controlled clinical trial).

Background: Different bar construction techniques will affect the bar passive fitness, which may induce stresses or strain on the implant and/or tightening screw and sequentially may affect the biting force and patient satisfaction.

Aim Of The Study: This clinical investigation assessed patient satisfaction and maximum biting force (MBF) using three differently constructed (conventional casting, milling, and 3D printing CAD/CAM techniques) cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) bar-retained implants mandibular overdentures over a one-year period of follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Thirty edentulous patients seeking for two implants bar-retained mandibular overdentures were randomly assigned into three groups as the following: Group I: 10 patients received a Co-Cr conventional casting bar, Group II: 10 patients received a Co-Cr CAD/CAM milled bar, and Group III: 10 patients received a Co-Cr CAD/CAM 3D-printed bar.

Assessment of the Quality, Bioactive Compounds, and Antimicrobial Activity of Egyptian, Ethiopian, and Syrian Black Cumin Oils.

Background: The oils obtained from the seeds of , also named black cumin, are rich in bioactive compounds that strengthen immunity and support human health. This study aimed to compare oils pressed from Egyptian (Eg-NSSO), Ethiopian (Et-NSSO), and Syrian (Sy-NSSO) seeds.

Methods: The analyzed oils were obtained from a local company.

Mature mediastinal teratoma with adhesions to the pericardium: A rare case report.

Key Clinical Message: Mature mediastinal teratoma (MMT) is a benign tumor that is composed of well-differentiated tissues from all three germ cell layers. Malignant tumors have a distinct feature of adhering to the surrounding organs. Therefore, adhesion of MMT to the adjacent tissues, as a benign tumor, is rare and considered a surgical challenge.

A Comparative Study of Vitamin D Serum Levels in Monosymptomatic Enuretic Children and Non-Enuretic Children.

Background: Enuresis refers to urinary incontinence during sleep in children over 5 years of age. The pathogenesis of enuresis is complex. It is related to low functional bladder capacity, nocturnal bladder overactivity, and high arousal threshold, and it is also related to the immaturity of the central nervous system.

Genetic assessment of productive and reproductive traits in Friesian, native, and crossbred cattle in Egypt.

This study utilized a dataset comprising 3023 lactation records for Friesian cows, 596 records for Native cows (Baladi), and 1189 records for Crossbred cows spanning from 1994 to 2015. The objective was to estimate and assess genetic and phenotypic parameters and breeding values for 305-day milk yield (305-DMY), lactation period (LP), calving interval (CI), and days open (DO) within the Egyptian dairy context. The motivation for this research stemmed from the need to understand the genetic potential of different cattle genotypes in Egypt and identify opportunities for enhancing dairy production.

Validation of the Arabic translation of the vaccination attitudes examination (VAX) scale.

Background And Aim: The availability of concise and valid instruments for measuring vaccination attitudes across different countries or populations is limited. The 12-item four-subscale Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale designed to assess vaccination hesitancy has been validated in more than 15 languages. This study aimed to validate the Arabic translation of VAX.

Exploring Barriers Faced by Community Pharmacists in Serving Patients with Disabilities in Saudi Arabia: Recommendations for Enhancing Healthcare Provisions.

Unlabelled: While several studies have explored the barriers to accessing community pharmacies for individuals with physical, hearing, visual, and learning disabilities, most have focused on the perspectives of disabled individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the barriers faced by community pharmacists when serving individuals with physical, visual, and hearing disabilities in Saudi Arabia, with the goal of recommending ways to enhance future healthcare provisions.

Methods: A mixed-methods cross-sectional phenomenological study was conducted among community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia between March and April 2022.

β-glucan nanoparticles alleviate acute asthma by suppressing ferroptosis and DNA damage in mice.

Asthma is a severe respiratory disease marked by airway inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress. β-Glucan (BG), a polysaccharide constituent of fungal cellular structures, exhibits potent immunomodulatory activities. The investigational focus was on the anti-asthmatic and anti-ferroptotic properties of beta-glucan nanoparticles (BG-NPs) in a murine model of allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA).

Algal extracts evaluation as an Antitoxicity sustainable solution against aflatoxin B toxicity in rat tissues.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a pre-carcinogenic molecule produced by toxigenic fungi and is widely harmful to public health. Algae extracts are sub-cellular pilot plants rich in bioactive substances that aid detoxification. This study aimed to reduce AFB-toxicity in biological tissues of administrated rats using two algae extracts, Spirulina (SPR) and Amphora (AMR).

Predicting hypoglycemia in ICU patients: a machine learning approach.

Background: The current study sets out to develop and validate a robust machine-learning model utilizing electronic health records (EHR) to forecast the risk of hypoglycemia among ICU patients in Jordan.

Research Design And Methods: The present study drew upon a substantial cohort of 13,567 patients admitted 26,248 times to the intensive care unit (ICU) over 10 years from July 2012 to July 2022. The primary outcome of interest was the occurrence of any hypoglycemic episode during the patient's ICU stay.