Insights into the Age-Dependent Variation in Nutrition-Related Trace Elements in Diabetes Blood Using Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence.

The prevalence of diabetes has reached alarming levels in India, making it essential to understand the concentration of nutritional-trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr. and Se) in blood samples from diabetic adults. In this study, 208 whole blood samples from diabetic (n = 104) and non-diabetic (n = 104) adults across various age groups were analyzed using total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy with a sample dilution method.

An experimental approach to determine the gamma radiation interaction mean free path and exposure buildup factor for biomolecules.

This experimental approach was designed to understand the gamma interaction parameters for the essential biomolecules, including starch soluble, cholesterol, myristic acid, glucose, oxalic acid, dextrose, salicylic acid, ethyl cellulose and sucrose. The empirical determination of gamma interaction parameters, such as interaction mean-free-path (MFP), buildup factor, and effective atomic number (Z) was performed by measuring mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ) at energies of 356 keV, 511 keV, 662 keV, 1173 keV, 1275 keV and 1332 keV. This was achieved using weak radioactive sources and a NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer with collimated and non-collimated transmission geometry.

Investigation of the nuclear radiation interaction parameters of selected polymers for radiation therapy and dosimetry.

The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), effective atomic number (Z), equivalent atomic number (Z), fast neutron removal cross-section (FNRCS), energy absorption buildup factor (EABF), mass-energy absorption coefficient (MenAC), relative kerma, and computed tomography (CT) numbers were calculated for the alginates, bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), chitin, hyaluronic acid, polycaprolactone (PCL), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyglycolide (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), poly lacto-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) polymers using the Phy-X/PSD and Py-MLBUF software. The total stopping power (TSP) of electrons, protons, and alpha particles was calculated for the selected polymers using the ESTAR, PSTAR, and ASTAR programs. The effective atomic number for absorption and charged particle (electron, proton, alpha, and carbon ion) interactions were estimated for the selected polymers using Phy-X/ZeXTRa software.

Investigation of gamma-ray shielding parameters of bismuth phospho-tellurite glasses doped with varying SmO.

The gamma ray shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number, equivalent atomic number, exposure buildup factor, and energy absorption buildup factor were determined for the 47.5PO+45ZnO+(5-x) BiO+2.5TeO +xSmO glass system using Phy-X/PSD software in the energy range from 0.

Neutron kerma factors and water equivalence of some tissue substitutes.

The Kerma factors and Kerma relative to the air and water of 24 compounds that are used as tissue substitutes were calculated for neutron energies ranging from 2.53×10(-8) to 29 MeV. The Kerma ratios of the tissue substitutes relative to air and water were calculated.

Effective atomic numbers of some tissue substitutes by different methods: A comparative study.

Effective atomic numbers of some human organ tissue substitutes such as polyethylene terephthalate, red articulation wax, paraffin 1, paraffin 2, bolus, pitch, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyvinylchloride, and modeling clay have been calculated by four different methods like Auto-Zeff, direct, interpolation, and power law. It was found that the effective atomic numbers computed by Auto-Zeff, direct and interpolation methods were in good agreement for intermediate energy region (0.1 MeV < E < 5 MeV) where the Compton interaction dominates.

The gamma-ray and neutron shielding factors of fly-ash brick materials.

A comprehensive study of gamma-ray exposure build-up factors (EBFs) of fly-ash brick materials has been carried out for photon energies of 0.015-15 MeV up to a penetration depth of 40 mfp (mean free path) by a geometrical progression (GP) fitting method. The EBF values of the fly-ash brick materials were found to be dependent upon the photon energy, penetration depth and chemical composition, and were found to be higher than the values for mud bricks and common bricks.

Measurement of real and imaginary form factors of silver atom using a high resolution HPGe detector.

The real and imaginary form factors of silver atom have been determined by using EDXRF method. The K x-ray photons in the energy range from 8.62 keV to 52.

Quick management of accidental tritium exposure cases.

Removal half-life (RHL) of tritium is one of the best means for optimising medical treatment, reduction of committed effective dose (CED) and quick/easy handling of a large group of workers for medical treatment reference. The removal of tritium from the body depends on age, temperature, relative humidity and daily rainfall; so tritium removal rate, its follow-up and proper data analysis and recording are the best techniques for management of accidental acute tritium exposed cases. The decision of referring for medical treatment or medical intervention (MI) would be based on workers' tritium RHL history taken from their bodies at the facilities.

L X-ray fluorescence cross sections experimentally determined for elements with 45 < Z < 50 at 9 keV.

Experimental determination of L fluorescence cross-sections for elements with 45 View Article and Find Full Text PDF