MurB or UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase (EC 1.3.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLand-based livelihoods in Pakistan's high mountain regions are highly vulnerable to climate change due to the complex interactions between people and their natural environment. This study uses a mixed-method approach to explore how climate change affects land-based livelihoods in the high mountain Nagar District, Pakistan. Data were collected using a structured household survey of 430 randomly selected farmers, supplemented by focus group discussions and key informant interviews.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuberculosis (TB) is a global health challenge; therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop a novel and more effective anti-TB therapeutic. This study targeted the isocitrate lyase (ICL) protein due to its pivotal role in the pathogenicity of (Mtb). Virtual screening of 8752 bioactive compounds used an ML-based QSAR model and molecular docking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfrican swine fever is a hemorrhagic disease of pigs with high mortality rates. Since its first characterization in 1921, there has been sufficient information about African swine fever virus (ASFV) and related diseases. The virus has been found and maintained in the sylvatic cycle involving ticks and domestic and wild boars in affected regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Leishmaniasis is a deadly protozoan parasitic disease and a significant health problem in underdeveloped and developing countries. The global spread of the parasite, coupled with the emergence of drug resistance and severe side effects associated with existing treatments, has necessitated the identification of new and potential drugs.
Objective: This study aimed to identify promising compounds for the treatment of leishmaniasis by targeting two essential enzymes of Leishmania donovani: trypanothione reductase (Try-R) and trypanothione synthetase (Try-S).
Transl Androl Urol
July 2024
Background: Prior research has assessed a range of surgical treatments for pediatric urolithiasis, emphasizing the necessity of tailor-made therapeutic approaches. These studies also show the adaptability of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in managing diverse stone dimensions. The goal of this research was to examine the effectiveness of these varying surgical methods in treating pediatric urolithiasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: is one of the serious pathogens causing various infections in the animal field, such as neonatal calf diarrhea, which is responsible for mortality associated with diarrhea during the first days of life.
Aim: Current work is aimed at designing an effective and safe multiepitope vaccine candidate against infection in calves based on the fimbrial protein K99 of Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) and Immuno-informatics.
Methods: A conserved sequence of K99 protein was generated, and then highly antigenic, nonallergic, and overlapped epitopes were used to construct a multiepitope vaccine.
High blood pressure (BP) and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease mortality. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been suggested as a predictive tool to identify those at risk for chronic diseases, however, its use for predicting high BP and dyslipidemia has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between SII and high BP as well as lipid markers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine, a type of signaling molecule that has a role in immunological responses and inflammation. In recent years, IL-8 is additionally related to cancer growth and recurrence. Breast cancer growth, progression, and metastatic development are all linked to IL-8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. This study assesses the level of knowledge about COPD among undergraduate students that makes it different from other respiratory illnesses. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), classified as a neurotropic member of the Herpesviridae family, exhibits a characteristic pathogenicity, predominantly inducing varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, during the initial infectious phase, and triggering the reactivation of herpes zoster, more commonly recognized as shingles, following its emergence from a latent state. The pathogenesis of VZV-associated neuroinflammation involves a complex interplay between viral replication within sensory ganglia and immune-mediated responses that contribute to tissue damage and dysfunction. Upon primary infection, VZV gains access to sensory ganglia, establishing latent infection within neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe capsule is a major virulence factor for Streptococcus pneumoniae which causes global morbidity and mortality. It is already known that there are few conserved genes in the capsular biosynthesis pathway, which are common among all known serotypes, called CpsA, CpsB, CpsC and CpsD. Inhibiting capsular synthesis can render S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that is caused by the parasite. Most of the available medication are losing their efficacy. Therefore, it is crucial to create fresh leads to combat malaria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction Voice is a crucial tool for communication, and voice problems are more likely to occur in professionals who frequently use their voice for work. Teachers, whose profession requires sustained vocal use, are particularly susceptible to occupation-related voice disorders. This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of voice disorders among teachers in Saudi Arabia, with the general population serving as a control group, and to identify associated risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (particularly resistant to pyrazinoic acid) is a life-threatening chronic pulmonary disease. Running a marketed regime specifically targets the ribosomal protein subunit-1 (RpsA) and stops trans-translation in the non-mutant bacterium, responsible for the lysis of bacterial cells. However, in the strains of mutant bacteria, this regime has failed in curing TB and killing pathogens, which may only because of the ala438 deletion, which inhibit the binding of pyrazinoic acid to the RpsA active site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung cancer is a disease with a high mortality rate and it is the number one cause of cancer death globally. Approximately 12-14% of non-small cell lung cancers are caused by mutations in KRAS. The KRAS is one of the most prevalent mutants in lung cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein kinases are an attractive therapeutic target for cardiovascular, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cancer cells demand energy generation through aerobic glycolysis, surpassing "oxidative phosphorylation" (OXPHOS) in mitochondria. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) have many regulatory roles in energy generation balance by controlling the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRural and agricultural communities' adaptation to climate change has gained significant attention owing to many countries' vulnerability to climate change risks. A similar trend has been witnessed in South Asia, a highly climate-vulnerable region, where research has grown dramatically considering the agriculture sector's vulnerability to climate-induced disasters. However, little attention has been paid to the adaptation of the livelihoods of rural households.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne of the viral diseases that affect millions of people around the world, particularly in developing countries, is (JE). In this study, the conserved protein of this virus, that is, non-structural protein 5 (NS5), was used as a target protein for this study, and a compound library of 749 antiviral molecules was screened against NS5. The current study employed machine learning-based virtual screening combined with molecular docking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to millions of deaths worldwide, and vaccination efficacy has been decreasing with each lineage, necessitating the need for alternative antiviral therapies. Predicting host-virus protein-protein interactions (HV-PPIs) is essential for identifying potential host-targeting drug targets against SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to identify therapeutic target proteins in humans that could act as virus-host-targeting drug targets against SARS-CoV-2 and study their interaction against antiviral inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrin-linked kinase (ILK), a β1-integrin cytoplasmic domain interacting protein, supports multi-protein complex formation. ILK-1 is involved in neurodegenerative diseases by promoting neuro-inflammation. On the other hand, its overexpression induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a major hallmark of cancer and activates various factors associated with a tumorigenic phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a type of procedure called bariatric surgery that provides large weight loss and has a positive impact on diseases associated with obesity. However, it has brought several complications that have an impact on those undergoing surgery, which are classified into intraoperative and postoperative issues. The study's goal is to assess the Saudi Arabian population's awareness of SG consequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimultaneous ipsilateral fractures of the proximal and distal humerus, known as 'floating arm', are rarely seen in adolescents and are considered challenging to manage. Most of the published cases have involved proximal humerus and distal supracondylar fractures. This paper presents a special case of floating arm injury in a 14-year-old boy following a motor vehicle accident that was managed in a well-established trauma center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSudden cardiac death (SCD) caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias is a significant contributor to cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) have shown efficacy in preventing and reducing mortality from SCD, but traditional transvenous ICDs have inherent challenges and drawbacks, such as lead fractures, lead-associated endocarditis, and lead failure. To address these issues, subcutaneous ICDs (S-ICDs) have been developed.
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