Response of Patients with Color Vision Defects to Worth 4-Dot and Duochrome Tests.

Individuals with congenital color vision defects (CVDs) are at greater risk of misidentifying colors, necessitating an investigation into their ability to distinguish colors accurately. This study aimed to assess how individuals with CVDs perceive the colors in the Worth four-dot (W4D) and duochrome tests. It also explored whether individuals with CVDs require more detailed instructions from optometrists and eye care providers during these tests.

Measurement of visual function in infantile nystagmus: a systematic review.

Background/aims: Recent work has called into question the ability of visual acuity (VA) to accurately represent changes in visual function in infantile nystagmus (IN). This systematic review investigated factors affecting visual performance in IN, to guide development of suitable alternatives to VA.

Methods: Included studies used an experimental manipulation to assess changes in visual function in people with IN.

Assessment of the tear film in normal eye subjects after consumption of a single dose of hot peppermint drink.

To test the effect of a single dose of hot peppermint consumption on the tear film in normal eye subjects. Thirty healthy male subjects aged 18-39 years (23.20±2.