Assessment of awareness of keratoconus and its relation to eye rubbing among Saudi Arabia population.

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, asymmetric, progressive thinning of the cornea that causes a decrease in optical quality due to induced myopia, irregular astigmatism, and higher order aberrations. KC affects 1.38 per 1,000 individuals globally, with a higher prevalence in Asian and Middle Eastern populations.

Visual outcomes and safety profile of retropupillary iris-claw Artisan intraocular lens implants.

Objective: The Artisan is an iris-claw intraocular lens (IOL) that can be used to correct aphakia in eyes with insufficient capsular support. This study aims to evaluate long-term visual outcomes and complications following retropupillary implantation of the Artisan IOL at a Canadian centre.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Video Game-Based Trunk Exercises for Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke Survivors: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study.

To assess the feasibility of video game-based trunk exercises using the Valedo system in a chronic stroke population. Ten chronic stroke survivors (eight males and two females, mean age 63 ± 15 years) were asked to complete 18 intervention sessions, each lasting 45 min., over 6-8 weeks.

Barriers and Facilitators of Using Standardized Outcome Measures in Stroke Rehabilitation in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study of Practice Among Neurophysiotherapists.

Background: Clinical guidelines emphasize the use of standardized outcome measures (SOMs) in post-stroke rehabilitation. However, the extent of SOM utilization among physiotherapists in this context in Saudi Arabia remains unclear.

Aim: 1) assess the current use of SOMs by physiotherapists involved in stroke rehabilitation in Saudi Arabia and 2) identify facilitators and barriers influencing the use of SOMs.

Functional Mobility and Balance Confidence Measures Are Associated with Disability among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Our objectives were to examine the association between balance confidence, functional mobility measures, and the presence of disability in older adults in Saudi Arabia and to identify the optimal cutoff scores for these measures that predict disability. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 324 community-dwelling older adults (65 ± 7 years, 59% women). Disability was assessed using the Arabic version of the basic activities of daily living (ADLs) scale.

Comorbidities, medications, depression, and physical performance measures associated with severe cognitive impairments in community-dwelling adults.

Cognitive impairment negatively impacts health, psychological, social, and economic domains. Cognitive impairment commonly affects physical functions in older adults, whereas these are deteriorated. However, the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling adults in Saudi Arabia have not been investigated yet.

Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Is Associated with Long-Term Declined Physical Quality of Life and Knee-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with or at Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis.

: This study aimed to examine the longitudinal impact of multisite musculoskeletal pain on physical and mental health-related quality of life among individuals with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis. : This study is a prospective longitudinal design over 8 years of follow-up. Data from 4796 participants aged between 45 and 79 years were acquired from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Promoting workplace retention during global crises: An international survey of the preventive role of psychological support among victims of social discrimination in long-term care facilities.

This international cross-sectional survey examined the potential role of organizational psychological support in mitigating the association between experiencing social discrimination against long-term care (LTC) facilities' healthcare professionals (HCPs) and their intention to stay in the current workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included a convenience sample of 2,143 HCPs (nurses [21.5 %], nurse aids or residential care workers [40.

The impact of social isolation and loneliness on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and bibliometric investigation.

Data on the association between social isolation, loneliness, and risk of incident coronary heart disease (CVD) are conflicting. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between social isolation and loneliness, and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle age and elderly using meta-analysis. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis is to systematically evaluate the existing literature on the relationship between social isolation, loneliness, and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Validation of the Arabic Version of the Attitude Toward Education and Advice for Low Back Pain Questionnaire.

Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to validate the Arabic version of the Attitude toward Education and Advice for Low Back Pain (AxEL) Questionnaire.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. First, the AxEL questionnaire was translated into Arabic and cross-culturally adapted.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for neurological disability among subacute stroke survivors to improve multiple domains in health-related quality of life: Randomized controlled trial protocol.

Objectives: The primary goal of the current proposal is to fill the gaps in the literature by studying the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on lifestyle parameters, and physical, behavioral, and cognitive functions among stroke survivors, and understanding the factors that mediate the effects of various domains related to Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL) improvements.

Methods: Anticipated 64 volunteer subacute stroke survivors (>7 days to 3 months post stroke) aged 40-75 years with National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score of >10 and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between 18 and 23 will be randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1 to receive either: (1) 20 sessions of anodal tDCS or (2) sham tDCS in addition to conventional rehabilitation. Battery driven tDCS will be applied at 2 mA intensity to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and primary motor cortex for 20 minutes.

Diabetes is associated with longitudinal declined physical performance measures in persons with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Background: The primary aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on physical performance measures including Gait Speed and Chair Stand tests over 8 years of follow-up in people with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design: A prospective longitudinal study.

Setting: Multisite community based.

The key determinants of low back pain among lifestyle behaviors in adolescents: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia.

Establishing preventive measures and treatment strategies for adolescents with low back pain (LBP) may be greatly enhanced by fully grasping the complex interaction between LBP and lifestyle behaviors. The key objective of this study was to explore the possible associations between lifestyle behaviors and LBP among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among high school students from 5 major regions in Saudi Arabia.

A national perspective on cardiovascular diseases in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are common chronic conditions that lead to morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there are no recent national or regional reports about CVDs in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the national and regional prevalence rates of CVDs among the Saudi population.

Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in Preterm Singleton and Multiple Births -Single Center Experience.

To compare mortality and major neonatal morbidities between singleton preterm infants and preterm infants of multiple gestations born <33 weeks' gestation. Case-control study of preterm multiples and singletons <33 weeks' born at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City Riyadh (KAMC-R) between January 2017 and December 2020. Out-born infants and infants with lethal congenital abnormalities were excluded from the study.

Demographic Data, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Pediatric Patients Who Received Palliative Care in King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background Palliative care is defined as a comprehensive care approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illnesses by alleviating the pain by different means. The death of children receiving palliative care is mainly due to congenital anomalies (26% of infants) and cancer (17% of children). This study aims to identify the demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients who received specialized pediatric palliative care (PPC) services in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Cognitive Frailty among Older Adults in Rural Areas: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF), which is a combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, has been associated with functional deterioration in the elderly. However, information about the prevalence of CF and associated factors among Saudi older adults is lacking.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of CF and its associated factors in Saudi community-dwelling older adults.

Potential Effects of Digoxin on Renal Functions in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure.

Introduction: Renal dysfunction is a common complication among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and can significantly impact their management, especially when medications like digoxin are involved. The clearance of digoxin is closely tied to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which suggests that the safety and efficacy of digoxin may vary with renal function. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential effects of digoxin on renal function in patients diagnosed with CHF at a tertiary hospital in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Arabian Physical Therapists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Clinical Practice in Diabetes Prevention and Management.

Objective: This study explores physical therapists' current knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the management and prevention of diabetes in Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed among physical therapists in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included several sections concerning their knowledge, attitude, and current practice toward diabetic management.

Arabic Patient-Reported Measures of Activity and Participation for Children: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties.

Aim: To systematically review measurement properties of Arabic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that assess activity and participation in children with and without health conditions.

Method: Four databases were searched. Arabic PROMs with focus on activity and/or participation constructs were selected.

Effects of trunk exercises using virtual reality technology on trunk performance and impairment post stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically explore the effects of trunk exercises using virtual reality technology compared to conventional exercises for trunk impairment in patients with subacute and chronic strokes.

Methods: A comprehensive search of literature published from inception until December 2022 was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The inclusion criteria encompassed all randomized controlled trials (RCT) published in the English language involving adults who had had strokes and the evaluation of the effectiveness of virtual reality -based trunk exercises in reducing trunk impairment post stroke as measured by the trunk control test (TCT) and/or the trunk impairment scale (TIS) compared to conventional trunk exercises.