Phenotype of bone metastases of non-small cell lung cancer: epidermal growth factor receptor expression and K-RAS mutational status.

Bone metastasis is a frequent complication of lung cancer progression, however, studies on bone metastatic tissues are scanty. Here we have collected a small cohort of 11 non-small cell lung cancer cases where primary tumors and corresponding bone metastases were available for pathological analysis. We have tested two molecular markers: EGFR protein expression and K-RAS mutation at codon 12 using immunohistochemistry and RFLPPCR, respectively.

EGFR and VEGFR2 protein expressions in bone metastases of clear cell renal cancer.

Background: EGFR and VEGFR2 protein expressions are hallmarks of clear cell renal cancer (RCC) with questionable prognostic impact. The skeletal system is one of the most common metastatic sites of RCC. Unfortunately, there are no data for EGFR and VEGFR2 protein expression in such lesions.

HER-2/neu genotype of breast cancer may change in bone metastasis.

The genotype of breast cancer (BRC) is considered to be relatively stable during tumor progression, accordingly, determination of the estrogen receptor and HER-2/neu status is currently based on the primary tumor. However, recent data suggest that the gene expression profile of the metastatic lesion can be different compared to that of the primary BRC. Accordingly, it is possible that the HER-2/neu status is different in the metastatic lesion and the primary BRC.

[Effect of R plasmid on cell membrane structure in Salmonella derby].

The structure of membranes of Salmonella derby cells both containing R-plasmid and free of plasmid was studied by small- and large-angle X-ray diffraction. Reflections with interplane distances of 8 and 11 A were detected, which are typical of plasmid-carrying S. derby cells.

[Effect of the external electrostatic field on the conformation of a macromolecule containing charged groups].

A method for calculating the free energy of a macromolecule containing charged groups in electrostatic field in aqueous solution was proposed. The non-electrostatic component of free energy was calculated with consideration of van der Waals interactions between uncharged parts of the macromolecule. The electrostatic component of free energy was calculated with regard for the interactions of charged groups of the macromolecule with each other and with water molecules.

[The diagnostic and prognostic characteristics of nephroblastoma recurrences in children].

A total of 450 children with nephroblastoma were treated in the children's oncological department of the All-Union Cancer Research Centre, the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, between 1976 and 1986. Tumour relapses were diagnosed during various terms of postsurgery in 131 (29.1 per cent) of them: true relapses in 58 (44.

[Effect of the orientation of dipole fragments of the phospholipid molecule on the bilayer structure].

By the method of minimization of phospholipid bilayers free energy it was shown that at a decrease of inclination angle of dipole fragments of phospholipid molecules to the bilayer surface there take place: a) an increase of bilayer density, b) a decrease of bilayer thickness caused by a decrease of dipole repulsive forces, c) an increase of the number of molecules in the bilayer due to hydrophobization of the latter. The existence of upper and lower critical angles of dipoles inclination to the bilayer surface were found: theta upcrit, theta lowcrit, if theta greater than or equal to the layers must be destroyed, and if theta less than or equal to theta lowcrit, transition of bilayers to the crystalline state must take place.

[Adjuvant chemotherapy in the combined modality therapy of nephroblastoma in children].

The paper discusses the end results of complex treatment of 31 children comprising preoperative therapy, nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Two-year survival was 64.5% and two-year recurrence-free survival--48.

[Effect of fructose-1,6-diphosphate and trental on the erythrocyte aggregating capacity in ischemic heart disease].

It was shown that fructose-1.6-diphosphate was capable of marked suppression of the aggregation power of the blood erythrocytes of patients with acute myocardial infarction and angina of effort. The antiaggregation effect of the drug was dose-related and enhanced with an increase in the time of its contact with erythrocytes.

[Structural transitions associated with changes in the thickness and density of phospholipid bilayers].

Relationship between a change of bilayer density and thickness and dissociation degree of the polar groups of phospholipid molecules was studied. It has been stated that with a decrease of ionization level a transition of bilayer from liquid to ordered state should occur. The latter is accompanied by a decrease of thickness and increase of density of the bilayer.

[Use of lithium carbonate and vitamin E in the complex treatment of epileptics].

Using clinico-biochemical and EEG examinations, the authors have studied over time 30 epileptic patients who along with anticonvulsants received lithium carbonate orally and vitamin E in injections. Before the administration of the above drugs epileptic patients with a progressive course of the disease showed intensified lipid peroxidation, low levels of total and free cholesterol of erythrocyte membranes, elevated concentrations of vitamin E and a decreased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood. The use of lithium carbonate and vitamin E leads to a considerable decrease in lipid peroxidation, an elevation in the content of total and free cholesterol of red cell membranes and an increased SOD activity in the blood.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of preoperative polychemotherapy of nephroblastomas in children by angiography, ultrasonic tomography and computed tomography].

The results of preoperative polychemotherapy of nephroblastoma in 14 children are presented. Ultrasonic tomography, computed tomography and angiography were performed in all the patients before and after medication. The findings on the efficacy of polychemotherapy were assessed on the basis of surgical evidence and, in particular, resected material examination.

[Antitumor antibiotics in the treatment of nephroblastomas in children].

The results of the chemotherapy of 20 children with nephroblastoma are analysed. The patients were treated according to the following scheme: vincristine in a dose of 0.05 mg kg bw once a week on the 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd days, dactinomycin in a dose of 15 micrograms/kg once a day for 3 days on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of adriamycin in a dose of 30-40 mg/m2 on the 15th day of the treatment course.

[Blood electrolyte homeostatic disorder in hypertensive patients and their relatives].

The results of study of the blood electrolyte homeostasis in patients with hypertensive disease and in their close relatives are discussed. It was established that the blood electrolyte homeostasis in healthy relatives of probands, patients with hypertensive disease, was changed as compared to that in healthy individuals of the same age in whose families there were no members with elevated arterial pressure.