Pulmonary sarcoidosis in children: a follow-up study.

Progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis in children remains poorly documented. The aim of this work was to gather follow-up information on pulmonary outcomes in children with sarcoidosis and to obtain data of relevance to a discussion of the optimal length and regimen of glucocorticoid therapy. In the present study, the authors experience of pulmonary sarcoidosis in 21 children referred to the paediatric pulmonary department over a 10-yr period is reported with a documented follow-up of at least 4 yr.

Renal granulomatous sarcoidosis in childhood: a report of 11 cases and a review of the literature.

Unlabelled: We analysed retrospectively 11 children with renal granulomatous sarcoidosis confirmed by renal histology in order to describe the course and prognosis of the disease. Symptomatic sarcoidosis was diagnosed at a mean age of 10.1 years.

[Bronchopulmonary infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children].

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a gram-negative bacteria, is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children (20% of cases). The infection tends to be endemic and is punctuated by epidemic episodes every 4 to 7 years. Its frequency seems to be higher in children between 5 and 9 years of age, but is probably underestimated before 5 years.

BAL in children: a controlled study of differential cytology and cytokine expression profiles by alveolar cells in pediatric sarcoidosis.

Study Objective: The development of BAL in children for both research and clinical purposes has been limited so far by the difficulty in establishing reference values. The aim of the study was (1) to define composition of BAL cellular components in control children and to evaluate the ability of these cells to express various cytokines, and (2) to study modifications of differential cytology and BAL cell cytokine responses in children with interstitial lung disorders.

Populations And Methods: Two groups were investigated: a control group of 16 children who were concluded to be free of parenchymal lung disease after complete pulmonary investigation, and a group of 11 children with pulmonary sarcoidosis.

[Role of Bronchodual in the long-term treatment of asthma in children].

Bronchodual is a combination of two bronchodilators, a beta-2 adrenergic substance (fenoterol, 50 micrograms per dose), and an anticholinergic substance (ipratropium bromide, 20 micrograms per dose), administered by metered aerosol. According to different studies carried out with adults and children, the bronchodilating action of this combination is greatly superior to that obtained with each substance individually; the beta-2 adrenergic substance can be spared; its action is longer and involves a decrease in the number of drug intake and lastly its tolerance is excellent. A French multicentre study was performed with 74 children (7 to 15 years old, mean: 11.

[New pharmacological approaches: rhDNase].

rhDNase (Pulmozyme) is a new agent in the therapeutic strategy for patients with cystic fibrosis. It is one of the first specific treatments aimed at the respiratory tract. It affects the extracellular DNA which is present in abundant quantities in the bronchial secretions of these patients.

[Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and mucoviscidosis].

Patients with cystic fibrosis often suffer from aspergillosis infection (basically due to Aspergillus fumigatus) which frequently colonizes their respiratory tract, but its role in the respiratory insufficiency are poorly understood. Several clinical situations occur. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis rarely occurs in a typical form, and is usually difficult to diagnose from the atypical manifestations.

Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract in children.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatosis of unknown etiology which mainly affects young adults. It is characterized primarily by bilateral hilar adenopathies, a pulmonary infiltrate and cutaneous and ocular lesions. It rarely occurs in children under the age of 16.

Expandable prosthesis in right postpneumonectomy syndrome in childhood and adolescence.

Right pneumonectomy can lead to severe respiratory impairment due to stenosis of the left main bronchus. This syndrome is usually treated by inserting a fixed-volume prosthesis but, in children, expandable prostheses have the advantage of being adaptable to growth and permit progressive recentering of the mediastinum. We report 3 such cases, with the results of pulmonary function tests.

Pulmonary sarcoidosis in children: serial evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells during corticosteroid treatment.

The clinical course of sarcoidosis in children has not been well defined. Eight children with symptomatic sarcoidosis included in this study underwent pulmonary function tests and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) before treatment and during steroid therapy. At the start of therapy, functional parameters, mostly dynamic lung compliance and lung transfer factor for CO, were impaired.

[Mechanical ventilation by nasal mask in children with cystic fibrosis. Initial results of a non-invasive method].

Background: Chronic respiratory failure (CRF) with hypoxia and hypercapnia is the last ineluctable phase in cystic fibrosis (CF). Nasal positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), a non-invasive method, may be given to CF children with CRF, especially to patients accepted for transplantation (T). This method improves ventilatory function by resting the chronically exhausted respiratory muscles, facilitates bronchial drainage by physiotherapy, prevents the exacerbations of the illness and prepares patients for T.

[Bronchogenic cysts in the carina].

Between 1977 and 1990, 11 children with carinal bronchogenic cysts were operated in our institution: 8 girls and 3 boys, ranging in age from 1 month to 5 years. All were symptomatic (acute respiratory distress and recurrent bronchiolitis). Chest X-ray showed an unilateral over distension in 10/11 cases.

[Mediastino-pulmonary sarcoidosis in children. Clinical study, analysis of data of bronchoalveolar fluid lavage and respiratory function tests, therapeutic trends].

A series of 27 children (mean age: 12 yrs, 5 mos.) presenting with thoracic sarcoidosis is reported. This series, collected from 1961 to 1988 shows the rarity of the disease at that age.

[Pleuropulmonary colibacillus infection in a 9-year-old boy leading to the diagnosis of Bruton agammaglobulinemia].

A nine-year-old boy was hospitalized for pneumonia of the left lower lobe. A left pleural effusion developed 48 hours later. The same E.

[Treatment of childhood asthma].

The treatment of childhood asthma should be considered with respect to age, severity and aetiology. Treatment should be instituted early from the first crisis in order to avoid progression to a more severe form. It consists of two aspects: the treatment of the acute episode and the chronic treatment.