Oligodendrocytes in Huntington's Disease: A Review of Oligodendrocyte Pathology and Current Cell Reprogramming Approaches for Oligodendrocyte Modelling of Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder traditionally characterized by the selective loss of medium spiny neurons in the basal ganglia. However, it has become apparent that white matter injury and oligodendrocyte dysfunction precede the degeneration of medium spiny neurons, garnering interest as a key pathogenic mechanism of HD. Oligodendrocytes are glial cells found within the central nervous system involved in the production of myelin and the myelination of axons.

Psilocybin Therapy for Clinicians With Symptoms of Depression From Frontline Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The psychological morbidity experienced by physicians, advanced practice practitioners (APPs), and nurses from working during the COVID-19 pandemic includes burnout, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objective: To investigate whether psilocybin therapy could improve symptoms of depression, burnout, and PTSD in US clinicians who developed these symptoms from frontline clinical work during the pandemic.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This double-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled participants from February to December 2022.

Search for CP-Violating Neutrino Nonstandard Interactions with the NOvA Experiment.

This Letter reports a search for charge-parity (CP) symmetry violating nonstandard interactions (NSI) of neutrinos with matter using the NOvA Experiment, and examines their effects on the determination of the standard oscillation parameters. Data from ν_{μ}(ν[over ¯]_{μ})→ν_{μ}(ν[over ¯]_{μ}) and ν_{μ}(ν[over ¯]_{μ})→ν_{e}(ν[over ¯]_{e}) oscillation channels are used to measure the effect of the NSI parameters ϵ_{eμ} and ϵ_{eτ}. With 90% CL the magnitudes of the NSI couplings are constrained to be |ϵ_{eμ}|≲0.

Assessment of radiation pneumonitis and predictive factors in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a dose-limiting toxicity associated with increased mortality for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This study aims to assess the incidence of symptomatic RP (grade 2-5), rate of recovery and associated predictive factors.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective population-based study including 602 patients with NSCLC who were treated with CRT between 2002 and 2016.

The clinical and genetic spectrum of paediatric speech and language disorders.

Speech and language disorders are known to have a substantial genetic contribution. Although frequently examined as components of other conditions, research on the genetic basis of linguistic differences as separate phenotypic subgroups has been limited so far. Here, we performed an in-depth characterization of speech and language disorders in 52 143 individuals, reconstructing clinical histories using a large-scale data-mining approach of the electronic medical records from an entire large paediatric healthcare network.

A longitudinal mixed methods evaluation of a facilitation training intervention to build implementation capacity.

Background: There is a demand for facilitators who can ease the collaboration within a team or an organization in the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) and who are positioned to build the implementation capacity in an organization. This study aimed to evaluate the results the Building implementation capacity for facilitation (BIC-F) intervention had on the participants' perceived knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy to facilitate implementation and the normalization of a systematic implementation model into their work routines, and its use into their respective organizations.

Methods: The BIC-F intervention was delivered to 37 facilitators in six workshops, which focused on teaching participants to apply a systematic implementation model and various facilitation tools and strategies.

Pedagogical Implementation of Directive Feedback Manikins on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Competencies: Expert Versus Peer Coaching.

Background: Directive feedback manikins in resuscitation training evolved faster than the pedagogical evidence. Educators and learning systems must seek clarification on the efficacy of this technology to have evidence-based practices. This project explores directive feedback device use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education for laypersons.

Expanding Genetic Counselor Roles: A Model for Global Research Development.

Purpose: Genetic counselors (GCs) increasingly play key roles in advancing genomic medicine through innovative research. Here, we examine one large cohort of GCs' evolving contributions to the literature, with the goal of facilitating worldwide professional development for GCs through scholarly activities.

Methods: Publications were cataloged by members of the Section of Genetic Counseling (Section), established at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania in 2014, including publication year, journal, impact factor, and author position.

Impact of delivery variations on 3D dose distributions for volumetric modulated arc therapy plans of various complexity.

Background: Delivery variations during radiotherapy can cause discrepancies between planned and delivered dose distribution. These variations could arise from random and systematic offsets in certain machine parameters or systematic offsets related to the calibration process of the treatment unit.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present a novel simulation-based methodology to evaluate realistic delivery variations in three dimensions (3D).

Epidemiology and ecology of the sylvatic cycle of African Swine Fever Virus in Kenya.

African Swine Fever (ASF) is caused by a DNA virus (AFSV) maintained and transmitted by the Argasid ticks. The re-emergence of the disease in Africa coupled with its rapid spread globally is a threat to the pig industry, food security and livelihoods. The ecology and epidemiology of the ASFV sylvatic cycle, especially in the face of changing land use and land cover, further compounds the menace and impacts of this disease in Kenya.

Troubled but in good hands: A qualitative study on patient experiences in diuresis renography examinations.

Introduction: Diuresis renography is a nuclear medicine examination that can distinguish between obstructive and non-obstructive uropathy. Renography has been investigated before, but not from a patient perspective. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge and understanding of patient experiences with the diuresis renography process.

The clinical and genetic spectrum of paediatric speech and language disorders in 52,143 individuals.

Speech and language disorders are known to have a substantial genetic contribution. Although frequently examined as components of other conditions, research on the genetic basis of linguistic differences as separate phenotypic subgroups has been limited so far. Here, we performed an in-depth characterization of speech and language disorders in 52,143 individuals, reconstructing clinical histories using a large-scale data mining approach of the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) from an entire large paediatric healthcare network.

Prediction of proton stopping power ratios using dual-energy CT basis material decomposition.

Background: Proton radiotherapy treatment plans are currently restricted by the range uncertainties originating from the stopping power ratio (SPR) prediction based on single-energy computed tomography (SECT). Various studies have shown that multi-energy CT (MECT) can reduce the range uncertainties due to medical implant materials and age-related variations in tissue composition. None of these has directly applied the basis material density (MD) images produced by projection-based MECT systems for SPR prediction.

The holistic effects of medical cannabis compared to opioids on pain experience in Finnish patients with chronic pain.

Background: Medical cannabis (MC) is increasingly used for chronic pain, but it is unclear how it aids in pain management. Previous literature suggests that MC could holistically alter the pain experience instead of only targeting pain intensity. However, this hypothesis has not been previously systematically tested.

Top 10 Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Messaging for the Public.

When speaking to public audiences, palliative care advocates often reach for personal experiences of great meaning and significance in their own lives, and often distill those experiences to a key message. However, this approach may not be the most effective way to engage a public audience whose closest experience with palliative care is based on social media or third-hand stories. Research demonstrates that the lay public often starts with inaccurate assumptions about palliative care, including that it is only for people at end of life.

Peripheral electrical stimulation on neuroplasticity and motor function in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The use of electrotherapy has been presented as a great resource for the professional physiotherapist in the most diverse pathologies. Stroke is a neurological condition responsible for sequelae such as hemiplegia that directly impair the quality of life of patients.

Objective: This study aimed to review the literature on the effects of electrotherapeutic resources on motor function and neuroplasticity in individuals with post-stroke sequelae.

Development, Feasibility, and Acceptability of an Oncologist Group Peer Support Program From ASCO's Clinician Well-Being Task Force.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has had deleterious effects on oncologist professional and personal well-being, the optimal delivery of quality cancer care, and the future cancer care workforce, with many departing the field. Hence, the identification of evidence-based approaches to sustain oncologists is essential to promote well-being.

Materials And Methods: We developed a brief, oncologist-centered, virtual group peer support program and tested its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact on well-being.

Pathogenicity of GI-23 Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strain Isolated in Brazil.

IBV variants belonging to the GI-23 lineage have circulated since 1998 in the Middle East and have spread to several countries over time. In Brazil, the first report of GI-23 occurred in 2022. The study aimed to evaluate the in vivo pathogenicity of exotic variant GI-23 isolates.

Measurement of the ν_{e}-Nucleus Charged-Current Double-Differential Cross Section at ⟨E_{ν}⟩=2.4 GeV Using NOvA.

The inclusive electron neutrino charged-current cross section is measured in the NOvA near detector using 8.02×10^{20} protons-on-target in the NuMI beam. The sample of GeV electron neutrino interactions is the largest analyzed to date and is limited by ≃17% systematic rather than the ≃7.

Impact of delineation errors on the estimated organ at risk dose and of dose errors on the normal tissue complication probability model.

Background: Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models are often based on doses retrieved from delineated volumes. For retrospective dose-response studies focusing on organs that have not been delineated historically, automatic segmentation might be considered. However, automatic segmentation risks generating considerable delineation errors and knowledge regarding how these errors impact the estimated organ dose is important.