Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) assisted analysis of characteristics of graft dehiscence after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for failed penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To analyse anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) parameters of graft dehiscence after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for graft failure post penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of AS-OCT images of 142 dehiscences post-DMEK in 75 eyes. Dehiscences' size, depth, location, correlation with graft-host interface (GHI) override and step at GHI were assessed.

Multiplexed activity metabolomics for isolation of filipin macrolides from a hypogean actinomycete.

Chemical and biological stimulus screening in a hypogean actinomycete was used to elicit secondary metabolism. Optimal biosynthesis of bioactive natural products was identified using Multiplexed Activity Profiling for determining dose-dependent activity via six single-cell biological readouts. Bioactive extracts were fractioned to establish candidate compounds for isolation using Multiplexed Activity Metabolomics by correlating microtiter well-isolated phenotypes and extracted ion current peaks.

Corneal Endothelial Keratoprosthesis EndoArt in Patients with Glaucoma at High Risk of Graft Failure After Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The novel endothelial keratoprosthesis EndoArt improves corneal edema by reducing the inflow of aqueous humor into the cornea. We assessed the early outcome after EndoArt implantation in patients at a high risk of graft failure after keratoplasty.

Methods: This retrospective study included 14 patients with high-risk eyes owing to at least one of the following risk factors for graft failure after keratoplasty: multiple previous surgeries (glaucoma surgery, keratoplasty) and recurrent intraocular inflammation because of uveitis, aniridia, or anterior synechia.

[Innovative surgical treatment approaches for endothelial dysfunction : Descemet stripping only (DSO) and endothelial cell injection].

Currently, due to a rising number of patients Germany and many other countries experience a large deficit of donor eyes for posterior lamellar keratoplasty procedures in the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases. To address this unmet need there is an ongoing investigation of treatment modalities which do not rely on donor tissue or enable clinicians to treat more patient eyes per donor eye. The authors introduce a promising approach for both treatment principles.

[EndoArt®: results in patients with glaucoma drainage devices].

Background: EndoArt® (Eye Yon Medical, Ness Ziona, Israel) is a novel artificial corneal inner layer transplant and an innovative treatment alternative for patients at high risk for graft failure after posterior lamellar corneal transplantation (EK).

Aim Of The Study: We present the initial results of the EndoArt® implantation in patients with glaucoma drainage devices (GDD).

Patients And Surgical Procedure: In this study 12 eyes with GDD were retrospectively evaluated.

Busin Glide-Assisted Pull-Through Insertion of Artificial Corneal Endothelium (EndoArt).

Background: Currently, the push-in technique through the corneal tunnel using a blunt-tip spatula is used to insert an artificial corneal endothelium (EndoArt) into the anterior chamber (AC). The device is useful for patients with bullous keratopathy; however, it may be difficult to manipulate the very thin implant through hazy cornea. Unlike DMEK graft, it cannot be stained and the F-mark is faint.

[Glaucoma drainage devices in patients following injector-assisted implantation of an artificial iris into the ciliary sulcus : Video article].

Objective Of Surgery: The aim of this surgical technique is the implantation of a glaucoma drainage device (GDD) in eyes with aphakic glaucoma following injector-assisted implantation of an artificial iris into the ciliary sulcus.

Indications: This atraumatic tube insertion technique can be performed during GDD implantation after implantation of an artificial iris into the ciliary sulcus.

Surgical Technique: Following injector-assisted implantation of an artificial iris into the ciliary sulcus of eyes, the iris can shift into the chamber angle.

Statistical data analysis of x-ray spectroscopy data enabled by neural network accelerated Bayesian inference.

Bayesian inference applied to x-ray spectroscopy data analysis enables uncertainty quantification necessary to rigorously test theoretical models. However, when comparing to data, detailed atomic physics and radiation transfer calculations of x-ray emission from non-uniform plasma conditions are typically too slow to be performed in line with statistical sampling methods, such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling. Furthermore, differences in transition energies and x-ray opacities often make direct comparisons between simulated and measured spectra unreliable.

Selective, Temporary Postoperative Inhibition of Lymphangiogenesis by Integrin α5β1 Blockade Improves Allograft Survival in a Murine Model of High-Risk Corneal Transplantation.

Corneal inflammatory hem- and lymphangiogenesis significantly increase the risk for immune rejection after subsequent allogeneic corneal transplantation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of temporary selective inhibition of lymphangiogenesis after transplantation on graft survival. Allogeneic transplantation from C57BL/6 mice to BalbC mice was performed as "high-risk" keratoplasty in a prevascularized corneal host bed (suture-induced inflammatory corneal neovascularization).

The influence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and smoking on fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).

To detect environmental factors, which may be possible risk factors in the disease course of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Evaluation of patients with FECD registered in the FECD genetics database of the Center for Ophthalmology, University Hospital Cologne. For the evaluation, disease onset, central corneal thickness, best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA, logMAR), and modified Krachmer grading (grades 1-6) were correlated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), body mass index (BMI), and smoking behavior.

Retinal Detachment Rates After Uncomplicated DMEK Versus Cataract Surgery Combined (Triple-)DMEK.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of and risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) either alone or in combination with cataract surgery.

Design: Retrospective analysis of prospective database.

Methods: Consecutive eyes with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy that received DMEK surgery with a minimum follow-up of 1 year between July 2011 and January 2021 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Cologne were analyzed.

The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state.

Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite multiple sources of degradations that lead to high variability in performance. Results shown here, for the first time, include an empirical correction factor for mode-2 asymmetry in the burning plasma regime in addition to previously determined corrections for radiative mix and mode-1.

Artificial Intelligence for Lamellar Keratoplasty.

The training of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly popular. More and more studies on lamellar keratoplasty are also being published. In particular, the possibility of non-invasive and high-resolution imaging technology of optical coherence tomography predestines lamellar keratoplasty for the application of AI.

Observations and properties of the first laboratory fusion experiment to exceed a target gain of unity.

An indirect-drive inertial fusion experiment on the National Ignition Facility was driven using 2.05 MJ of laser light at a wavelength of 351 nm and produced 3.1±0.

Design of the first fusion experiment to achieve target energy gain G>1.

In this work we present the design of the first controlled fusion laboratory experiment to reach target gain G>1 N221204 (5 December 2022) [Phys. Rev. Lett.

UV light-mediated corneal crosslinking as (lymph)angioregressive pretreatment to promote graft survival after subsequent high-risk corneal transplantation (CrossCornealVision): protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Good vision highly depends on the transparency of the cornea, which is the "windscreen" of the eye. In fact, corneal blindness due to transparency loss is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide, and corneal transplantation is the main cure. Importantly, the cornea is normally avascular but can secondarily be invaded by pathological (blood and lymphatic) vessels due to severe inflammation, and the survival prognosis of a corneal graft mainly depends on the preoperative vascular condition of the recipient's cornea.

Allogeneic limbo-deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (Limbo-DALK)-A novel surgical technique in corneal stromal disease and limbal stem cell deficiency.

Purpose: To describe a novel corneal surgical technique combining Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) with grafting of allogeneic limbus (Limbo-DALK) for the treatment of eyes with corneal stromal pathology and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Methods: Clinical records of six Limbo-DALKs performed in five patients diagnosed with LSCD and corneal stromal pathology requiring keratoplasty were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed with LSCD due to various pathologies including thermal and chemical burns, congenital aniridia or chronic inflammatory ocular surface disease.

Characterization of Dichloroisoeverninic Acid Biosynthesis and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of New Orthosomycins.

The orthosomycins are highly modified oligosaccharide natural products with a broad spectrum and potent antimicrobial activities. These include everninomicins and avilamycins, which inhibit protein translation by binding a unique site on the bacterial ribosome. Notably, ribosomal bound structures reveal a network of interactions between the 50S subunit and dichloroisoeverninic acid (DCIE), the aromatic A-ring conserved across orthosomycins, but the relationship of these interactions to their antimicrobial activity remains undetermined.

X-ray imaging methods for high-energy density physics applications.

Large scale high-energy density science facilities continue to grow in scale and complexity worldwide. The increase in driver capabilities, including pulsed-power and lasers, continue to push the boundaries of temperature, pressure, and densities, opening up new physics regimes. X-ray imaging is one of the many diagnostic techniques that are used to probe states of matter in these extreme conditions.

Excimer Laser Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Anterior Corneal Opacification After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for treating remaining anterior corneal opacities after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: This cohort study analyzed 67 eyes of 66 patients undergoing PTK in addition to and after DMEK between 2012 and 2021 at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne. Patients who were treated by PTK after previous DMEK on the same eye were included.

Preoperative surgeon evaluation of corneal endothelial status: the Viability Control of Human Endothelial Cells before Keratoplasty (V-CHECK) study protocol.

Introduction: The success of keratoplasty strongly depends on the health status of the transplanted endothelial cells. Donor corneal tissues are routinely screened for endothelial damage before shipment; however, surgical teams have currently no means of assessing the overall viability of corneal endothelium immediately prior to transplantation. The aim of this study is to validate a preoperative method of evaluating the endothelial health of donor corneal tissues, to assess the proportion of tissues deemed suitable for transplantation by the surgeons and to prospectively record the clinical outcomes of a cohort of patients undergoing keratoplasty in relation to preoperatively defined endothelial viability.