Influence of Anticoagulants on Platelet Counts: A Study and Recommendations From the French Speaking Cellular Hematology Group (GFHC).

Introduction: For complete blood count, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is universally used and has been recognized as the most robust anticoagulant. However, it may lead to pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCT), due to the formation of platelet clumps, which is currently followed by resampling on sodium citrate. Other possible anticoagulants are citrate theophylline adenosine dipyridamole (CTAD) and MgSO.

The Oncoprotein Fra-2 Drives the Activation of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Env Expression in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) Patients.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are retroviral sequences integrated into 8% of the human genome resulting from ancient exogenous retroviral infections. Unlike endogenous retroviruses of other mammalian species, HERVs are mostly replication and retro-transposition defective, and their transcription is strictly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in normal cells. A significant addition to the growing body of research reveals that HERVs' aberrant activation is often associated with offsetting diseases like autoimmunity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, and chemoresistance.

Platelet caspase-1 and Bruton tyrosine kinase activation in patients with COVID-19 is associated with disease severity and reversed in vitro by ibrutinib.

Background: Severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is often associated with thrombotic complications and cytokine storm leading to intensive are unit (ICU) admission. Platelets are known to be responsible for abnormal hemostasis parameters (thrombocytopenia, raised D-dimers, and prolonged prothrombin time) in other viral infections through the activation of the nucleotide-binding domain leucine repeat rich containing protein 3 inflammasome induced by signaling pathways driven by Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and leading to caspase-1 activation.

Objectives: We hypothesized that caspase-1 activation and the phosphorylation of BTK could be associated with the severity of the disease and that ibrutinib, a BTK inhibitor, could inhibit platelet activation.

Erythrocyte type 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporter expression in sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait.

Hypoxia-mediated red blood cell (RBC) sickling is central to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). The signalling nucleoside adenosine is thought to play a significant role in this process. This study investigated expression of the erythrocyte type 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT1), a key regulator of plasma adenosine, in adult patients with SCD and carriers of sickle cell trait (SCT).

Perls' Stain Guidelines from the French-Speaking Cellular Hematology Group (GFHC).

In order to standardize cellular hematology practices, the French-speaking Cellular Hematology Group (Groupe Francophone d'Hématologie Cellulaire, GFHC) focused on Perls' stain. A national survey was carried out, leading to the proposal of recommendations on insoluble iron detection and quantification in bone marrow. The criteria presented here met with a "strong professional agreement" and follow the suggestions of the World Health Organization's classification of hematological malignancies.

Plasma microparticles of intubated COVID-19 patients cause endothelial cell death, neutrophil adhesion and netosis, in a phosphatidylserine-dependent manner.

COVID-19 has compelled scientists to better describe its pathophysiology to find new therapeutic approaches. While risk factors, such as older age, obesity, and diabetes mellitus, suggest a central role of endothelial cells (ECs), autopsies have revealed clots in the pulmonary microvasculature that are rich in neutrophils and DNA traps produced by these cells, called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs.) Submicron extracellular vesicles, called microparticles (MPs), are described in several diseases as being involved in pro-inflammatory pathways.

Modulation of sleep-courtship balance by nutritional status in .

Sleep is essential but incompatible with other behaviors, and thus sleep drive competes with other motivations. We previously showed males balance sleep and courtship via octopaminergic neurons that act upstream of courtship-regulating P1 neurons (Machado et al., 2017).

Platelet Counting: Ugly Traps and Good Advice. Proposals from the French-Speaking Cellular Hematology Group (GFHC).

Despite the ongoing development of automated hematology analyzers to optimize complete blood count results, platelet count still suffers from pre-analytical or analytical pitfalls, including EDTA-induced pseudothrombocytopenia. Although most of these interferences are widely known, laboratory practices remain highly heterogeneous. In order to harmonize and standardize cellular hematology practices, the French-speaking Cellular Hematology Group (GFHC) wants to focus on interferences that could affect the platelet count and to detail the verification steps with minimal recommendations, taking into account the different technologies employed nowadays.

[Performance analysis of the « Blast » flag on ADVIA 2120/2120i - Results of a multicenter study].

Unlabelled: Nowadays, laboratories have more efficient haematology analyzers. These analyzers have to be used in the most efficient and the most adapted way according to the internal organisation of laboratories and prescribers' expectations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the blast flag on ADVIA 2120/2120i, and to suggest what to do, depending on the flag intensity, to identify positive samples the most surely and the most rapidly as possible.

Southeast asian ovalocytosis: the need for a carefull observation of red cell indices and blood smear.

Southeast asian ovalocytosis (SAO) is characterized by macro-ovalocytes and ovalo-stomatocytes on blood smear. SAO is common in Malaisia and Papua-New-Guinea where upwards to 40 per cent of the population is affected in some coastal region. Inherited in an autosomal dominant way, illness results from deletion of codons 400-408 in SLC4A1 gene which encodes for band 3 erythrocyte membrane protein.

Macrothrombocytopenia and dense granule deficiency associated with FLI1 variants: ultrastructural and pathogenic features.

Congenital macrothrombocytopenia is a family of rare diseases, of which a significant fraction remains to be genetically characterized. To analyze cases of unexplained thrombocytopenia, 27 individuals from a patient cohort of the Bleeding and Thrombosis Exploration Center of the University Hospital of Marseille were recruited for a high-throughput gene sequencing study. This strategy led to the identification of two novel variants (c.

Germline variants in ETV6 underlie reduced platelet formation, platelet dysfunction and increased levels of circulating CD34+ progenitors.

Variants in ETV6, which encodes a transcription repressor of the E26 transformation-specific family, have recently been reported to be responsible for inherited thrombocytopenia and hematologic malignancy. We sequenced the DNA from cases with unexplained dominant thrombocytopenia and identified six likely pathogenic variants in ETV6, of which five are novel. We observed low repressive activity of all tested ETV6 variants, and variants located in the E26 transformation-specific binding domain (encoding p.

Haematological spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in nine unrelated families with RUNX1 mutations from the French network on inherited platelet disorders.

Background: Less than 50 patients with FPD/AML (OMIM 601309) have been reported as of today and there may an underestimation. The purpose of this study was to describe the natural history, the haematological features and the genotype-phenotype correlations of this entity in order to, first, screen it better and earlier, before leukaemia occurrence and secondly to optimize appropriate monitoring and treatment, in particular when familial stem cell transplantation is considered.

Methods: We have investigated 41 carriers of RUNX1 alteration belonging to nine unrelated French families with FPD/AML and two syndromic patients, registered in the French network on rare platelet disorders from 2005 to 2015.

[Diagnosis of inherited thrombocytopenia].

Inherited thrombocytopenias are rare, heterogenous and probably under-diagnosed because often classified as autoimmune thrombocytopenia. About 20 genes were described responsible for these thrombocytopenias. Precise diagnosis is necessary because the prognosis is different and some of them can evolve into hemopathies.

MYH10 protein expression in platelets as a biomarker of RUNX1 and FLI1 alterations.

RUNX1 gene alterations are associated with acquired and inherited hematologic malignancies that include familial platelet disorder/acute myeloid leukemia, primary or secondary acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Recently, we reported that RUNX1-mediated silencing of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIB (MYH10) was required for megakaryocyte ploidization and maturation. Here we demonstrate that runx1 deletion in mice induces the persistence of MYH10 in platelets, and a similar persistence was observed in platelets of patients with constitutional (familial platelet disorder/acute myeloid leukemia) or acquired (chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) RUNX1 mutations.

[Severe thrombocytosis and leukocytosis associated with iron deficiency anaemia: a case-report].

Reactive thrombocytosis (secondary thrombocytosis) is frequent and typically moderate. We report a case of extreme thrombocytosis and leukocytosis secondary to an iron deficiency anemia. A 21-year-old woman is admitted in emergency department for acute headache.