Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation of exo and endo isomers of granatamine (9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine); a key intermediate of granisetron.

A simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of exo-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine in endo-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.

Variability in foliar essential oils among different morphotypes of Lantana species complexes, and its taxonomic and ecological significance.

The genus Lantana has many species complexes, and L. camara is one of the aggressive alien weedy species complexes; species delimitation in these complexes is a nightmare for taxonomists. We examined the diversity in the chemical composition of foliar essential oils among morphotypes of Lantana species complexes inhabiting the same ecological gradient, and its taxonomic and ecological significance.

Solvatochromicity of 3-hydroxy-4-(1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylethylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone for screening of solvents.

The quinonic compound 3-hydroxy-4-(1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylethylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone (I) is synthesised by the reaction of benzil with 1,3-dihydroxybenzene in basic medium. Solution of this compound shows visibly distinct colour differences in different solvents. From the different absorption maxima of the compound in visible spectra it can be used as an excellent analytical reagent to screen different solvents.

Phytochemical investigation of labdane diterpenes from the rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum and their cytotoxic activity.

A comprehensive reinvestigation of chemical constituents from the rhizomes of Hedychium spicatum led to the isolation of two new labdane-type diterpene (1, 2), together with six known compounds (3-8). Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (IR, MS, 2D NMR) data analysis and by comparison with the spectroscopic data reported in the literature. In addition, all the isolates were tested for their cytotoxicity against the THP-1 (human acute monocytic leukemia), HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia), A-375 (human malignant melanoma) and A-549 (human lung carcinoma) cancerous cell lines.

Luminescence properties of europium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles: role of vacancy and oxidation states.

Enhancing the optical emission of cerium oxide nanoparticles is essential for potential biomedical applications. In the present work, we report a simple chemical precipitation technique to synthesize europium-doped cerium oxide nanostructures to enhance the emission properties. Structural and optical properties showed an acute dependence on the concentration of oxygen ion vacancy and trivalent cerium, which, in turn, could be modified by dopant concentration and the annealing temperature.

Hydatid cyst of the right ventricle, liver and lungs.

Cardiac Echinococcosis is a rare and the most serious of all hydatid manifestations. We report here a case of 27 year old female who had hydatid cyst in the liver, lungs & right ventricle. The cardiac hydatid cyst was operated and numerous daughter cysts were removed.

Preprocedural hemoglobin predicts outcome in peripheral vascular disease patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Background: Anemia is a risk factor for adverse outcome in patients with symptomatic cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the association of preprocedural hemoglobin with adverse outcome in patients with advanced peripheral vascular disease (PVD) undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Methods: Consecutive first-time procedures for patients with Rutherford category 4 or 5 PVD who underwent successful nonemergency PTA were analyzed in a retrospective cohort study.

The impact of normalization of esophageal acid profile by incremental protein pump inhibitors dosing in difficult asthma patients with proven gastro-esophageal acid reflux.

Background: GER is common in patients with asthma and some, although not all, studies have shown benefit from identification and treatment of GER.

Methods: patients with persistent symptoms after optimisation of asthma therapy underwent pH monitoring and adjustment of GER therapy based on the results of repeated pH monitoring. Gastrointestinal symptom scores and asthma therapy requirements were recorded.

Dopant-mediated oxygen vacancy tuning in ceria nanoparticles.

Ceria nanoparticles with 20 and 40 at.% RE (RE = Y, Sm, Gd, and Yb) dopants were synthesized through a microemulsion method. Independently of the dopant nature and concentration, nearly monodispersed nanoparticles of size 3-5 nm were observed in high resolution transmission electron microscopic analysis.

Protonated nanoparticle surface governing ligand tethering and cellular targeting.

Nanoparticles have shown tremendous potential for effective drug delivery due to their tiny size and cell membrane penetration capabilities. Cellular targeting with nanoparticles is often achieved by surface modifications followed by ligand conjugation. However, the efficiency of the nanoparticles reaching the target cells and getting internalized depends on the stability of targeting ligands and the chemical nature of the ligand nanoparticle binding.

Metastases to breast from primary lung cancer.

Metastatic disease to the breast from extra mammary sites is uncommon and has an incidence of 0.5 to 3%. It is important to make an accurate diagnosis as this has an impact on the therapeutic planning and management.

Superior mesentric artery embolism.

Mesenteric artery embolism is a rare and an acute abdominal emergency with a very high mortality rate which requires a high index of suspicion for its diagnosis. We hereby report a 55 years old male with rheumatic heart disease in atrial fibrillation with thromboembolic superior mesenteric artery occlusion with a fatal outcome.

Temporal and spectral characteristics of aerosol optical depths in a semi-arid region of southern India.

The spectral and temporal variations of aerosol optical depths (AOD) observed over Anantapur (a semi-arid region) located in the Southern part of India are investigated by analyzing the data obtained from a Multiwavelength Solar Radiometer (MWR) during January 2005-December 2006 (a total of 404 clear-sky observations) using the Langley technique. In this paper, we highlighted the studies on monthly, seasonal and spectral variations of aerosol optical depth and their implications. The results showed seasonal variation with higher values during pre-monsoon (March-May) and lower in the monsoon (June-November) season at all wavelengths.

Preprocedural neutrophil count predicts outcome in patients with advanced peripheral vascular disease undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Background: The neutrophil count has been associated with adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention. There are limited data on risk stratification of patients with advanced peripheral vascular disease (PVD) using white blood cell (WBC) subtypes. This study assessed the association of total and differential WBC counts with adverse outcome in patients with advanced PVD undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Calciphylaxis associated with widespread pulmonary calcification.

We report a patient with Crohn's disease and end-stage renal failure, which resulted in severe vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism. This resulted in the development of calciphylaxis, which initially manifested as pulmonary vasculature calcification; however, the diagnosis was not clear until the classic skin lesions had developed. Calciphylaxis is a rare condition, which is increasing in incidence, and a high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and treatment.

Effect of the organic solvent on the formation and stabilization of CdS and PbS nanoclusters.

Nanoclusters of CdS and PbS were prepared using two different organic solvents as stabilizers in order to understand the factors affecting their formation and stabilization. Growth of the nanoclusters was monitored by optical absorption spectroscopy at regular intervals of time. Mean cluster size was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

A new sesquiterpene lactone from the roots of Saussurea lappa: structure-anticancer activity study.

The dried roots of Saussurea lappa, called costus roots, are used in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of cancer. In our investigation for the anticancer constituents from the hexane extract of this plant, a new sesquiterpene (1) was isolated along with the known compounds costunolide (2), beta-cyclocostunolide (3), dihydro costunolide (4) and dehydro costuslactone (5). Their structures were established by the extensive spectroscopic analyses.

Oral health care of children: gynecologists and pediatricians' perspective.

Unlabelled: Gynecologists, pediatricians and other medical professionals are more likely to see expecting mothers and infants much earlier than dentists. Thus, it is essential for these specialists to be aware of the infectious nature of dental caries and its associated risk factors and make appropriate decisions regarding timely and effective intervention.

Objective: To know the perception of gynecologists and pediatricians towards oral health care of children.

Adenocarcinoma in an ileal duplication.

Alimentary tract duplications are a rare congenital anomalies that usually present in childhood and occasionally in adults. To our knowledge, since 1884, there have been only 14 reported cases of ileal duplications in adults of which 3 patients had developed malignancy in the duplicated ileum. We report here such an extremely rare case of isolated ileal duplication in an elderly male in whom malignancy occurred and perforated.

Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.

Our continuing effort in antifungal natural product discovery has led to the identification of five 6-acetylenic acids with chain lengths from C(16) to C(20): 6-hexadecynoic acid (compound 1), 6-heptadecynoic acid (compound 2), 6-octadecynoic acid (compound 3), 6-nonadecynoic acid (compound 4), and 6-icosynoic acid (compound 5) from the plant Sommera sabiceoides. Compounds 2 and 5 represent newly isolated fatty acids. The five acetylenic acids were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton rubrum by comparison with the positive control drugs amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, caspofungin, terbinafine, and undecylenic acid.

Antidiabetic Activity of the Ethanol Extract of Capparis sepiaria L Leaves.

Capparis sepiaria L, a profusely branched hedge plant, is used in Indian traditional medicine. Capparis sepiaria leaves were extracted with ethanol and concentrated to dryness. The LD(50) value was determined as 894.

Recovery of bipedal locomotion in bonnet macaques after spinal cord injury: footprint analysis.

Analysis of the recovery of gait after spinal cord injury has been widely demonstrated in rat and cat models using different behavioral tests and scoring systems. The present investigation was aimed to quantitatively analyze the degree of functional recovery in bipedal locomotion of bonnet macaques after inflicting spinal cord hemisection lesion. To measure the degree of locomotor recovery, we recorded four gait variables, viz.

Absence of respiratory effects with ivabradine in patients with asthma.

Aim: beta-Blockers are commonly prescribed for stable angina and are recommended as initial therapy. However, beta-blockers are contraindicated in patients with obstructive airway disease because of a risk of bronchoconstriction. Ivabradine is a specific heart rate-lowering agent that acts via I(f) pacemaker channels in the sinoatrial node with no beta-adrenoreceptor activity.