Effect of Root Against MRSA and MDR- Biofilms on Excision Wound in Diabetic Mice: Comparative Study Between Methanolic Extract and Traditional Hydrophobic Preparation.

, commonly called dyer's alkanet (family-), is used traditionally in Saudi Arabia to treat skin infections. A methanolic extract and a traditional formulation of the root used in folklore were prepared. LC-MS analysis was conducted to identify probable compounds present in the extract and the traditional hydrophobic formulation.

Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Wound Healing Activities of Rutin and Quercetin and Their Interaction with Gentamicin on Excision Wounds in Diabetic Mice.

Phytochemicals are effective and are gaining attention in fighting against drug-resistant bacterial strains. In the present study, rutin and quercetin were tested for antibacterial, antibiofilm, and wound healing activities on excision wounds infected with MDR- in diabetic mice. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were studied in vitro using broth dilution assay and crystal violet assay, respectively.

Cold-active microbial enzymes and their biotechnological applications.

Microorganisms known as psychrophiles/psychrotrophs, which survive in cold climates, constitute majority of the biosphere on Earth. Their capability to produce cold-active enzymes along with other distinguishing characteristics allows them to survive in the cold environments. Due to the relative ease of large-scale production compared to enzymes from plants and animals, commercial uses of microbial enzyme are alluring.

G protein-receptor kinases 5/6 are the key regulators of G protein-coupled receptor 35-arrestin interactions.

Human G protein-coupled receptor 35 is regulated by agonist-mediated phosphorylation of a set of five phospho-acceptor amino acids within its C-terminal tail. Alteration of both Ser and Ser to alanine in the GPR35a isoform greatly reduces the ability of receptor agonists to promote interactions with arrestin adapter proteins. Here, we have integrated the use of cell lines genome edited to lack expression of combinations of G protein receptor kinases (GRKs), selective small molecule inhibitors of subsets of these kinases, and antisera able to specifically identify either human GPR35a or mouse GPR35 only when Ser and Ser (orce; the equivalent residues in mouse GPR35) have become phosphorylated to demonstrate that GRK5 and GRK6 cause agonist-dependent phosphorylation of these residues.

Effect of Extract on Excision Wound Biofilms of MRSA and in Diabetic Mice.

, a desert plant commonly known as yarrow, is traditionally used as an antimicrobial agent in folklore medicine in Saudi Arabia. The current study was undertaken to determine its antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR-) using in vitro and in vivo studies. A biofilm model induced through an excision wound in diabetic mice was used to evaluate its effect in vivo.

A Simple In-Vivo Method for Evaluation of Antibiofilm and Wound Healing Activity Using Excision Wound Model in Diabetic Swiss Albino Mice.

The study developed a simple and inexpensive method to induce biofilm formation in-vivo for the evaluation of the antibiofilm activity of pharmacological agents using Swiss albino mice. Animals were made diabetic using streptozocin and nicotinamide. A cover slip containing preformed biofilm along with MRSA culture was introduced into the excision wound in these animals.

Antibacterial Activity of (Clove) Bud Oil and Its Interaction with Imipenem in Controlling Wound Infections in Rats Caused by Methicillin-Resistant .

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of infection worldwide. Clove oil's ability to inhibit the growth of MRSA was studied through in vitro and in vivo studies. The phytochemical components of clove oil were determined through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.

and Antibacterial Effects of Frankincense Oil and Its Interaction with Some Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens.

Frankincense ( oleo gum resin) is reported to possess antimicrobial activity against several pathogens in-vitro. The antimicrobial effects of frankincense oil and its interaction with imipenem and gentamicin against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant were determined through in-vitro methods and an in-vivo study using a rat pneumonia model. Frankincense oil was subjected to GC-MS analysis to determine the different volatile components.

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) regulates insulin processing and secretion via effects on proinsulin conversion to insulin.

Recent studies identified a missense mutation in the gene coding for G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) that segregates with type 2 diabetes (T2D). To better understand how GRK6 might be involved in T2D, we used pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown in the mouse β-cell line, MIN6, to determine whether GRK6 regulates insulin dynamics. We show inhibition of GRK5 and GRK6 increased insulin secretion but reduced insulin processing while GRK6 knockdown revealed these same processing defects with reduced levels of cellular insulin.

Effect of Leaf Extract on Excision Wound Infections in Rats: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Gene Expression Analysis.

The present study investigated the wound healing activity of leaf extract on an infected excision wound model in rats. Infection was induced using methicillin-resistant (MRSA) or An investigation was also done to study the effect of extract on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene expression in vitro using human keratinocytes (HaCaT). The methanol extract of leaves was analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals by LCMS.

Leaf Extract Promotes Healing of Infected Wounds in Diabetic Rats: Evidence of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Proliferative Properties.

is known to possess wound healing activity. The present study evaluated the healing properties of methanolic extract of leaves in excision wounds infected with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) or in diabetic rats. An in vitro study was also carried out to determine the gene expression of VEGF and TGF-β1.

Techno-economic and sustainability analysis of siloxane removal from landfill gas used for electricity generation.

A technoeconomic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the use of landfill gas (LFG) for electricity generation using an internal combustion engine. This study provides insights that can guide LFG waste to energy (WTE) operators on decisions concerning installation of contaminant removal from LFG for electricity generation. Four scenarios were analyzed; the first (Scenario 1) was a facility with a single siloxane removal unit (SREU) sized for 6 months of continuous use, the second (Scenario 2) was a facility with parallel SREUs sized for one month of use, the third (Scenario 3) was a facility with no SREU, and the fourth was a facility that flared all LFG captured.

Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of 4-Aminoquinazolines as Potent Inhibitors of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 6 (GRK6) for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.

Both previous and additional genetic knockdown studies reported herein implicate G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) as a critical kinase required for the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Therefore, we sought to develop a small molecule GRK6 inhibitor as an MM therapeutic. From a focused library of known kinase inhibitors, we identified two hits with moderate biochemical potencies against GRK6.

A Mixed-Metal Porphyrinic Framework Promoting Gas-Phase CO Photoreduction without Organic Sacrificial Agents.

A photoactive porphyrinic metal-organic framework (MOF) has been prepared by exchanging Ti into a Zr-based MOF precursor. The resultant mixed-metal Ti/Zr porphyrinic MOF demonstrates much-improved efficiency for gas-phase CO photoreduction into CH and CO under visible-light irradiation using water vapor compared to the parent Zr-MOF. Insightful studies have been conducted to probe the photocatalysis processes.

Does change in occupancy ratio and fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus influence functional outcome after single-row rotator cuff repair? A magnetic resonance imaging-based study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of occupancy ratio (OR) and fatty infiltration (FI) to functional outcome and retear rate following rotator cuff repair by single-row technique.

Material And Methods: Retrospectively, all the patients (n = 100) with rotator cuff tear were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively with functional scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form [ASES], University of California-Los Angeles [UCLA] shoulder score, Constant score) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for OR and FI. Two observers studied the MRI data separately.

Biogas Reforming to Syngas: A Review.

Interest in novel uses of biogas has increased recently due to concerns about climate change and greater emphasis on renewable energy sources. Although biogas is frequently used in low-value applications such as heating and fuel in engines or even just flared, reforming is an emerging strategy for converting biogas to syngas, which could then be used to obtain high-value-added liquid fuels and chemicals. Interest also exists due to the role of dry, bi-, and tri-reforming in the capture and utilization of CO.

A drug discovery platform to identify compounds that inhibit EGFR triple mutants.

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane receptors of great clinical interest due to their role in disease. Historically, therapeutics targeting RTKs have been identified using in vitro kinase assays. Due to frequent development of drug resistance, however, there is a need to identify more diverse compounds that inhibit mutated but not wild-type RTKs.

Current prospective in using cold-active enzymes as eco-friendly detergent additive.

Advanced developments in the field of enzyme technology have increased the use of enzymes in industrial applications, especially in detergents. Enzymes as detergent additives have been extensively studied and the demand is considerably increasing due to its distinct properties and potential applications. Enzymes from microorganisms colonized at various geographical locations ranging from extreme hot to cold are explored for compatibility studies as detergent additives.

Parathyroid hormone initiates dynamic NHERF1 phosphorylation cycling and conformational changes that regulate NPT2A-dependent phosphate transport.

Na-H exchanger regulatory factor-1 (NHERF1) is a PDZ protein that scaffolds membrane proteins, including sodium-phosphate co-transport protein 2A (NPT2A) at the plasma membrane. NHERF1 is a phosphoprotein with 40 Ser and Thr residues. Here, using tandem MS analysis, we characterized the sites of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced NHERF1 phosphorylation and identified 10 high-confidence phosphorylation sites.

Economic analysis and life cycle impact assessment of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal: A case study of Mumbai, India.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a major concern in Indian cities. This work rigorously assesses the relative costs and the environmental and health benefits of alternative MSW management methods. Management of MSW over the next 20 years for the city of Greater Mumbai was considered.

Electron injection study of photoexcitation effects on supported subnanometer Pt clusters for CO photoreduction.

Using density functional theory, we study the effect of injected electrons (simulating photoexcited electrons) on the energetics, structures, and binding sites available to CO2 molecules on subnanometer Pt clusters decorated onto anatase TiO2(101) surfaces, shedding light on the first and key step of CO2 photoreduction. Upon the addition of one, two, or three electrons, the O-C-O angles of adsorbed CO2 become progressively smaller in binding sites that directly contact Pt clusters, while no significant change is found in the intra bond length of the adsorbed CO2 and in the bonding distances between the adsorbed CO2 and supported clusters. The extra electrons lead to the stabilization of adsorption sites identified on neutral slabs, including previously metastable configurations, suggesting the enhancement of accessible CO2 binding sites.

Design and analysis of siloxanes removal by adsorption from landfill gas for waste-to-energy processes.

Separation of volatile methyl siloxanes from landfill gas using fixed adsorption beds was modeled with the objective of identifying appropriate technology and the economics associated with this purification step. A general adsorption model assuming plug flow and radial symmetry was developed and used to conduct a parametric sweep of 162 unique cases. The varied parameters were adsorbent type (activated carbon and silica gel), bed height (3.