Gauge and unitary transformations in multipolar quantum optics.

Multipolar quantum optics deals with the interaction of light with matter as a many-body bound system of charged particles where the coupling to electromagnetic fields is in terms of the multipolar electric polarization and magnetization. We describe two transformations applied to the conventional non-relativistic formalism, namely a gauge transformation applied directly to the fields at the Lagrangian stage and a unitary transformation applied to the old Hamiltonian. We show how such transformations lead to the same Power-Zienau-Woolley (PZW) formulation of the quantum electrodynamics (QED) of an overall electrically neutral many-body bound system of charges, including the internal motion as well as the gross dynamics of the centre of mass.

Seasonal histological changes and aquaporin 5 immunoreactivity in the ductus deferens and prostate gland of Saudi Arabian dromedary camel.

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the seasonal histological structure changes and immunoreactivity of Aquaporin 5 (AQP-5) in the ductus deferens and prostate under the light microscope.

Materials And Methods: For the present study, twelve mature male camels were employed. Following the animals breeding and non-breeding seasons of slaughter under official licensing and veterinary supervision, samples were obtained from various regions of the ductus deferens and prostate gland and processed using general histology and immunohistochemical methods.

Outcomes of Outpatient Versus Inpatient Induction of Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Induction of labor (IOL) has become a common practice in obstetrics, leading to an increase in antenatal admissions and workload. This review aims to explore the available options for outpatient IOL and their effectiveness. We conducted an electronic search for trials on Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases for randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing inpatient and outpatient labor induction and covering the period until 2024.

Miniature atom bottle traps enabled by chiral doughnut light.

We highlight what we believe to be a novel optical set-up which enables the confinement of cold atoms in a finite set of sub-wavelength bottle traps. This involves two counter-propagating vortex beams with the same winding number ℓ = ±1 and the same circular polarization ($\sigma =\mp 1)$. Strong focusing generates significant longitudinal field components which become responsible for an on-axis standing wave enabling the axial confinement of far blue-detuned atoms.

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Type I Associated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin Administration Arising in a Child with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: A Case Report and a Reappraisal.

In 1952, X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) was discovered as a rare inherited disorder. It markedly compromises the ability of the body to combat infectious microorganisms. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I is characterized by subendothelial immune complex deposits.

Efficacy of Melatonin as a Sleep Inducer in EEG Procedures in the Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Melatonin has been used as an alternative to sleep deprivation for EEG sleep induction in the pediatric population. Our study aims to describe the efficacy of the currently used doses of melatonin for sleep induction among the pediatric age group. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study included all patients who underwent an EEG after receiving melatonin over the period of one year.

Phenotypic Spectrum of STXBP1 Gene Mutations in an Emirati Case Series.

Genetic mutations are increasingly recognized as etiologic factors for epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders. Loss of function mutations in STXBP1, one of such genes, has, in recent years, been demonstrated to cause a broad spectrum of epilepsy syndromes and chronic neurodisabilities. Syntaxin-binding protein 1 (STXBP1) is a well-recognized membrane trafficking protein responsible for synaptic transmission and is expressed ubiquitously across the brain.

Exacerbating Pre-Existing Vulnerabilities: an Analysis of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Human Trafficking in Sudan.

COVID-19 has caused far-reaching humanitarian challenges. Amongst the emerging impacts of the pandemic is on the dynamics of human trafficking. This paper presents findings from a multi-methods study interrogating the impacts of COVID-19 on human trafficking in Sudan-a critical source, destination, and transit country.

Detection of Tropical Diseases Caused by Mosquitoes Using CRISPR-Based Biosensors.

Tropical diseases (TDs) are among the leading cause of mortality and fatality globally. The emergence and reemergence of TDs continue to challenge healthcare system. Several tropical diseases such as yellow fever, tuberculosis, cholera, Ebola, HIV, rotavirus, dengue, and malaria outbreaks have led to endemics and epidemics around the world, resulting in millions of deaths.

Case report: First case report of an Emirati child with a novel gene variant causing aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency.

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare, neurometabolic disorder resulting from biallelic mutations in the dopa decarboxylase gene. This is the first reported case of AADC deficiency in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and describes an Emirati male patient who presented in the first few months of life with a severe phenotype of global hypotonia, developmental delay and oculogyric crisis. Following whole exome sequencing, a novel homozygous mutation in the gene (c.

Association of Smoking with the Blood Concentration of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Testosterone at High and Low Altitudes.

Purpose: This research examined the association of cigarette smoking and altitude with the blood levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, testosterone and carotid artery thickness.

Patients And Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study involved 37 non-smokers and 24 smokers from a high-altitude area (≥2245 m above sea level) and 40 smokers and 40 non-smokers from a low-altitude area (39-283 m above sea level). The blood testosterone level was determined spectrophotometrically, and the 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration was measured by ELISA.

Analgesia and sedation modalities used with botulinum toxin injections in children with cerebral palsy: a literature review.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive motor dysfunction leading to multiple morbidities, including spasticity, which can be managed with botulinum toxin injection (BTI). This literature review aims to examine published studies on the efficacy and safety of different interventions used to reduce pain and anxiety associated with BTI in children with CP. A literature review of all published evidence in English language, or with an English translation between 1999 and 2019, using PubMed, EBSCO host, and Medline databases was carried out.

Evaluation of certain medicinal plants compounds as new potential inhibitors of novel corona virus (COVID-19) using molecular docking analysis.

SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain of coronavirus that appeared in China in December 2019, in recent years, great progress has been made in developing new antiviral drugs, and natural products, are important sources of potential and new antiviral drugs. The present study aimed to assess some biologically active compounds present in medicinal plants as potential COVID-19 inhibitors, using molecular docking methods. The Docking study was performed by Molecular Operating Environment software (MOE).

A series of unfortunate events: Mind the windpipe.

Since we started seeing post-COVID pneumonia patients in our clinics, tracheo-laryngeal stenosis should be kept in mind as an important sequela of prolonged intubation (>7 days) particularly in those who are persistently symptomatic.

Prevalence and determinants of anaemia in women of reproductive age in Sudan: analysis of a cross-sectional household survey.

Background: Anaemia is a global health problem and women in reproductive age (WRA) are amongst the most affected population. Its consequences include low birth weight and maternal mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia and to identify its determinants in Sudanese women in reproductive age.

Gender and side distribution of urinary calculi using ultrasound imaging.

Introduction: Urinary calculi constitute a significant medical problem worldwide. Due to lack of previous studies on gender and side distribution of urinary calculi, the current study was conducted.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study involved 590 urinary calculi from the electronic reports of 266 patients.

Multi-focal Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile osteomyelitis in a patient with sickle cell anemia: case presentation and literature review.

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection manifests as intestinal infections, namely pseudomembranous colitis. The occurrence of extra-intestinal disease is thought to be rare with a rate of 1.08% of 2034 isolates of C.

The psychedelic renaissance: the next trip for psychiatry?

The psychedelic research renaissance is gaining traction. Preliminary clinical studies of the hallucinogenic fungi, psilocybin, with psychological support, have indicated improvements in mood, anxiety and quality of life. A seminal, open-label study demonstrated marked reductions in depression symptoms in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Surgical Outcomes of Single-Level Bilateral Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spastic Diplegia in 150 Consecutive Patients.

Objectives: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is used to improve spasticity, gait, and pain in children with spastic diplegia. There is growing evidence supporting its long-term benefits in terms of functional outcomes, independence, and quality of life. There is, however, little contemporary work describing the surgical morbidity of this irreversible procedure.

Loss of tubulin deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration.

A set of glutamylases and deglutamylases controls levels of tubulin polyglutamylation, a prominent post-translational modification of neuronal microtubules. Defective tubulin polyglutamylation was first linked to neurodegeneration in the () mouse, which lacks deglutamylase CCP1, displays massive cerebellar atrophy, and accumulates abnormally glutamylated tubulin in degenerating neurons. We found biallelic rare and damaging variants in the gene encoding CCP1 in 13 individuals with infantile-onset neurodegeneration and confirmed the absence of functional CCP1 along with dysregulated tubulin polyglutamylation.

Congenital brain malformations in Sudanese children: an outpatient-based study.

Congenital brain malformations (CBMs) are a heterogeneous group characterised by abnormal structure of the developing brain. Their aetiology includes in-utero infections, teratogenicity and in a considerable group, genetic causes. Due to the high rate of consanguineous marriages and the possible high prevalence of prenatal infections in Sudan, CBMs are likely to be common.