Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) System Impact on Fatality and Injury Reduction in China.

The automatic emergency braking (AEB) system is an effective intelligent vehicle active safety system for avoiding certain types of collisions. This study develops a national-level safety impact evaluation model for this intelligent vehicle function, including the potential maximum impact and realistic impact. The evaluation model was firstly applied in China to provide insights into Chinese policymaking.

Phenotypic convergence in genetically distinct lineages of a Rhinolophus species complex (Mammalia, Chiroptera).

Phenotypes of distantly related species may converge through adaptation to similar habitats and/or because they share biological constraints that limit the phenotypic variants produced. A common theme in bats is the sympatric occurrence of cryptic species that are convergent in morphology but divergent in echolocation frequency, suggesting that echolocation may facilitate niche partitioning, reducing competition. If so, allopatric populations freed from competition, could converge in both morphology and echolocation provided they occupy similar niches or share biological constraints.

Bone graft materials in fixation of orthopaedic implants in sheep.

Bone graft is widely used within orthopaedic surgery especially in revision joint arthroplasty and spine fusion. The early implant fixation in the revision situation of loose joint prostheses is important for the long-term survival. Bone autograft has been considered as gold standard in many orthopaedic procedures, whereas allograft is the gold standard by replacement of extensive bone loss.

Evaluating of bone healing around porous coated titanium implant and potential systematic bias on the traditional sampling method.

Introduction: The mechanical properties of bone can largely be explained by bone density and the anisotropic orientation of the trabecular bone. The type of trabecular structure plays an important role in determining the mechanical properties of cancellous bone. Gap-healing and implant fixation could be affected by the various quality and quantity of bone in the local environment.

Demineralized bone matrix and human cancellous bone enhance fixation of porous-coated titanium implants in sheep.

Allogenic bone graft has been considered the gold standard in connection with bone graft material in revision joint arthroplasty. However, the lack of osteogenic potential and the risk of disease transmission are clinical challenges. The use of osteoinductive materials, such as demineralized bone matrix (DBM), alone or in combination with allograft or commercially available human cancellous bone (CB), may replace allografts, as they have the capability of inducing new bone and improving implant fixation through enhancing bone ongrowth.

The effects of bone marrow aspirate, bone graft, and collagen composites on fixation of titanium implants.

Unlabelled: Replacement of extensive local bone loss especially in revision joint arthroplasty and spine fusion is a significant clinical challenge. Allograft and autograft have been considered as gold standards for bone replacement. However, there are several disadvantages such as donor site pain, bacterial contamination, and non union as well as the potential risk of disease transmission.

Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism: a retrospective hospital based study from Bahrain.

Background: Neonatal screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) are now widespread in developed countries.

Aim: Cord blood thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was evaluated for the incidence of CH in Bahrain Defense Force hospital.

Methods: Those neonates with cord blood TSH values >25 mU/l were recalled.