Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in a village in eastern Sudan. 2. Drug resistance, molecular karyotypes and the mdr1 genotype of recent isolates.

Isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from a Sudanese village have been collected as part of a study of parasite genetic diversity during seasonal malaria epidemics. The sensitivity in vitro to chloroquine, pyrimethamine and mefloquine of these isolates has been determined. To assess the utility of pulse field gel chromosome separations in isolate characterization, 18 samples from individual patients in a single village were studied using this technique.

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in a village in eastern Sudan. 1. Diversity of enzymes, 2D-PAGE proteins and antigens.

Twenty-nine plasmodium falciparum isolates from patients in Asar village, eastern Sudan, were characterized for variation in 18 different genetically controlled characters, including iso-enzymes, proteins detected by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and blood-stage antigens. Considerable allelic diversity in the genes determining these characters was detected. Each isolate contained genetically distinct parasites.

Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in eastern Sudan.

In vivo testing of the sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine was carried out in 61 falciparum malaria patients with acute symptoms, in Eastern Sudan. In 26 patients (42%), P. falciparum was resistant to chloroquine.

Preliminary observations on vaccination against bovine cysticercosis in the Sudan.

Four Zebu calves, 1-1.5 years old, were vaccinated subcutaneously with hatched ova of Taenia saginata. The immunity elicited protected the animals from subsequent oral infections with this cestode as manifested by the early degeneration of the metacestodes and failure to attain maturity in three of four animals.