A senior surgical resident can safely perform complex esophageal cancer surgery after surgical mentoring program-experience of a European high-volume center.

Previous studies have shown that surgical residents can safely perform a variation of complex abdominal surgeries when provided with adequate training, proper case selection, and appropriate supervision. Their outcomes are equivalent when compared to experienced board-certified surgeons. Our previously published training curriculum for robotic assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy already demonstrated a possible reduction in time to reach proficiency.

How AI can learn from the law: putting humans in the loop only on appeal.

While the literature on putting a "human in the loop" in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has grown significantly, limited attention has been paid to how human expertise ought to be combined with AI/ML judgments. This design question arises because of the ubiquity and quantity of algorithmic decisions being made today in the face of widespread public reluctance to forgo human expert judgment. To resolve this conflict, we propose that human expert judges be included via appeals processes for review of algorithmic decisions.

The Catalytic Effect of Vanadium on Sorption Properties of MgH-Based Nanocomposites Obtained Using Low Milling Time.

The effects of catalysis using vanadium as an additive (2 and 5 wt.%) in a high-energy ball mill on composite desorption properties were examined. The influence of microstructure on the dehydration temperature and hydrogen desorption kinetics was monitored.

TEsoNet: knowledge transfer in surgical phase recognition from laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy to the laparoscopic part of Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.

Background: Surgical phase recognition using computer vision presents an essential requirement for artificial intelligence-assisted analysis of surgical workflow. Its performance is heavily dependent on large amounts of annotated video data, which remain a limited resource, especially concerning highly specialized procedures. Knowledge transfer from common to more complex procedures can promote data efficiency.

Thickness measurements of graphene oxide flakes using atomic force microscopy: results of an international interlaboratory comparison.

Flake thickness is one of the defining properties of graphene-related 2D materials (GR2Ms), and therefore requires reliable, accurate, and reproducible measurements with well-understood uncertainties. This is needed regardless of the production method or manufacturer because it is important for all GR2M products to be globally comparable. An international interlaboratory comparison on thickness measurements of graphene oxide flakes using atomic force microscopy has been completed in technical working area 41 of versailles project on advanced materials and standards.

Hybrid laparoscopic versus fully robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy: an international propensity-score matched analysis of perioperative outcome.

Background: Currently, little is known regarding the optimal technique for the abdominal phase of RAMIE. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) in both the abdominal and thoracic phase (full RAMIE) compared to laparoscopy during the abdominal phase (hybrid laparoscopic RAMIE).

Methods: This retrospective propensity-score matched analysis of the International Upper Gastrointestinal International Robotic Association (UGIRA) database included 807 RAMIE procedures with intrathoracic anastomosis between 2017 and 2021 from 23 centers.

Assessment of pyloric sphincter physiology after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy using an endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe.

Objective Of The Study: The most common functional complication after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy is the delayed emptying of the gastric conduit (DGCE) for which several diagnostic tools are available, e.g. chest X-ray, upper esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and water-soluble contrast radiogram.

Using an Endoluminal Functional Lumen Imaging Probe (EndoFLIP™) to Compare Pyloric Function in Patients with Gastroparesis to Patients After Esophagectomy.

Background: Gastroparesis (GP) occurs in patients after upper gastrointestinal surgery, in patients with diabetes or systemic sclerosis and in idiopathic GP patients. As pyloric dysfunction is considered one of the underlying mechanisms, measuring this mechanism with EndoFLIP™ can lead to a better understanding of the disease.

Methods: Between November 2021 and March 2022, we performed a retrospective single-centre study of all patients who had non-surgical GP, post-surgical GP and no sign of GP after esophagectomy and who underwent our post-surgery follow-up program with surveillance endoscopies and further exams.

Time to endoscopic vacuum therapy-lessons learned after > 150 robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomies (RAMIE) at a German high-volume center.

Objective Of The Study: In esophageal surgery, anastomotic leak (AL) remains one of the most severe and critical adverse events after oncological esophagectomy. Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) can be used to treat AL; however, in the current literature, treatment outcomes and reports on how to use this novel technique are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with an AL after IL RAMIE and to determine whether using EVT as an treatment option is safe and feasible.

Minimally invasivE versus open total GAstrectomy (MEGA): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (DRKS00025765).

Introduction: The only curative treatment for most gastric cancer is radical gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy (LAD). Minimally invasive total gastrectomy (MIG) aims to reduce postoperative morbidity, but its use has not yet been widely established in Western countries. Minimally invasivE versus open total GAstrectomy is the first Western multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to compare postoperative morbidity following MIG vs open total gastrectomy (OG).

[Surgical Treatment of Esophageal Cancer-New Technologies, Modern Concepts].

In Germany esophageal cancer is mostly treated in specialized centers according to national and international guidelines in a multimodal and interdisciplinary setting. In the next few years centralization of esophageal surgery will continue in Germany due to new national regulations on minimum case volumes. This article highlights new technologies for surgical treatment of esophageal cancer and also depicts the current oncological concepts from the perspective of a high-volume center.

Behavior of Mebendazole during NF/RO Adsorption and Photolysis.

The idea of using drugs from the benzimidazole group as potential antitumor agents is becoming increasingly popular and widespread in research. However, their use as antiparasitics and in cancer treatment will increase their already recorded occurrence in the aquatic environment. In this study, the removal of the anthelmintic mebendazole from aqueous solution was investigated using nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes, adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC), and photolytic degradation.

[Reconstruction and functional results after gastric resection].

Depending on the extent of gastric resection, namely total, proximal or distal gastrectomy, different methods of reconstruction are available. These reconstructive procedures have not changed with the implementation of minimally invasive or robotic techniques in general but the spectrum of possible anastomotic techniques has been substantially expanded. Functional, in particular nutritional disorders with subsequent impairment of the health-related quality of life, are often diagnosed after gastric resections.

Surgical approach to advanced Siewert II cancer: beyond the borders? The West Side.

The surgical approach to Siewert type II cancer should be individualized as there is no "one size fits all" option. Criteria for individualization are epidemiological, functional, oncologic and surgical items. However, our preferred procedure for advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction type II is esophagectomy, if this or transhiatal extended gastrectomy are both possible with R0 resection.

Predictors of post-operative pancreatic fistula formation in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A national surgical quality improvement program analysis.

Background: Post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a serious complication following pancreas surgery. We aimed to establish factors associated with POPF specifically in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET).

Methods: The 2014-2018 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was querried for patients undergoing resection for PNET.

[ICG lymph node mapping in cancer surgery of the upper gastrointestinal tract].

The importance of the assessment of the N‑status in gastric carcinoma, tumors of the gastroesophageal junction and esophageal cancer is undisputed; however, there is currently no internationally validated method for lymph node mapping in esophageal and gastric cancer. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIR) is an innovative technique from the field of vibrational spectroscopy, which in combination with the fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) enables intraoperative real-time visualization of anatomical structures. The ICG currently has four fields of application in oncological surgery: intraoperative real-time angiography for visualization of perfusion, lymphography for visualization of lymphatic vessels, visualization of solid tumors, and (sentinel) lymph node mapping.

Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) vs. hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy: propensity score matched short-term outcome analysis of a European high-volume center.

Introduction: Transthoracic esophagectomy is a highly complex and sophisticated procedure with high morbidity rates and a significant mortality. Surgical access has consistently become less invasive, transitioning from open esophagectomy to hybrid esophagectomy (HE) then to totally minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), and most recently to robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE), with each step demonstrating improved patient outcomes. Aim of this study with more than 600 patients is to complete a propensity-score matched comparison of postoperative short-term outcomes after highly standardized RAMIE vs.

Performance of TiO/UV-LED-Based Processes for Degradation of Pharmaceuticals: Effect of Matrix Composition and Process Variables.

Ultra-violet light-emitting diode (UV-LED)-based processes for water treatment have shown the potential to surpass the hurdles that prevent the adoption of photocatalysis at a large scale due to UV-LEDs' unique features and design flexibility. In this work, the degradation of five EU Watch List 2020/1161 pharmaceutical compounds was comprehensively investigated. Initially, the UV-A and UV-C photolytic and photocatalytic degradation of individual compounds and their mixtures were explored.

There is no correlation between a delayed gastric conduit emptying and the occurrence of an anastomotic leakage after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.

Introduction: Esophagectomy is the gold standard in the surgical therapy of esophageal cancer. It is either performed thoracoabdominal with a intrathoracic anastomosis or in proximal cancers with a three-incision esophagectomy and cervical reconstruction. Delayed gastric conduit emptying (DGCE) is the most common functional postoperative disorder after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (IL).

How effective is laparoscopic redo-antireflux surgery?

Background: The failure-rate after primary antireflux surgery ranges from 3 to 30%. Reasons for failures are multifactorial. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the complex reasons for, and management of, failure after antireflux surgery.