Electrochemical biosensing in oncology: a review advancements and prospects for cancer diagnosis.

Early and precise diagnosis of cancer is pivotal for effective therapeutic intervention. Traditional diagnostic methods, despite their reliability, often face limitations such as invasiveness, high costs, labor-intensive procedures, extended processing times, and reduced sensitivity for early-stage detection. Electrochemical biosensing is a revolutionary method that provides rapid, cost-effective, and highly sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers.

Cross-linking of fungal β-glucosidase on AlO nanocrystals synthesized using Cajanus cajan L. Millsp. extracts for in suit genistein manufacture.

This present study deals with the cross-linking of fungal β-glucosidase on AlO nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized in C. cajan for in-suit genistein production. The Cajanus cajan leaves were dried and used to prepare their extract at 65 °C by agitation for 30 min.

Metabolic and proteomic analysis of a medicinal morel (Morchella elata) from Western Himalayas, Kashmir.

Morels are edible fungi growing naturally in the wild and cultivated for food and medicines worldwide. They have been collected and consumed by people since ancient times. In the present study, fruiting bodies of Morchella elata were collected from the field during the years 2020-22 through consecutive field visits.

Improvement in genomic prediction of maize with prior gene ontology information depends on traits and environmental conditions.

Classical genomic prediction approaches rely on statistical associations between traits and markers rather than their biological significance. Biologically informed selection of genomic regions can help prioritize polymorphisms by considering underlying biological processes, making prediction models robust and accurate. Gene ontology (GO) terms can be used for this purpose, and the information can be integrated into genomic prediction models through marker categorization.

Global genotype by environment prediction competition reveals that diverse modeling strategies can deliver satisfactory maize yield estimates.

Predicting phenotypes from a combination of genetic and environmental factors is a grand challenge of modern biology. Slight improvements in this area have the potential to save lives, improve food and fuel security, permit better care of the planet, and create other positive outcomes. In 2022 and 2023, the first open-to-the-public Genomes to Fields initiative Genotype by Environment prediction competition was held using a large dataset including genomic variation, phenotype and weather measurements, and field management notes gathered by the project over 9 years.

Selenium mitigates vanadium toxicity through enhanced nutrition, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings.

In the current industrial scenario, vanadium (V) as a metal is of great importance but poses a major threat to the ecosystem. In the present study, the effect of a toxic concentration of V, i.e.

(paddy straw mushroom): A mushroom with exceptional medicinal and nutritional properties.

, commonly referred to as paddy straw mushroom, is renowned for its remarkable medicinal and nutritional properties. This mushroom, part of the family Pluteaceae, thrives in tropical and subtropical regions and is highly esteemed for its distinctive flavor and substantial health benefits. The fruiting body of is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including antioxidant enzymes, terpenes, polypeptides, sugars, phenolics, and flavonoids.

Assessing the growth, yield, and biochemical composition of greenhouse cherry tomatoes with special emphasis on the progressive growth report.

The growth of plants hinges on a complex interplay of biochemical and physiological activities across various growth stages. These intricate processes dynamically adapt to different environmental conditions, shaping both plant development and productivity. This study explores the impact of greenhouse climate on the growth, yield, and biochemistry of winter-grown cherry tomatoes 'Cheramy F1'.

Ameliorating arsenic and PVC microplastic stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using copper oxide nanoparticles: an environmental bioremediation approach.

The present study investigates the impact of varying concentrations of PVC microplastics (PVC-MPs) - specifically 0 (no PVC-MPs), 2, and 4 mg L -alongside different arsenic (As) levels of 0 (no As), 150, and 300 mg kg in the soil, with the concurrent application of copper oxide-nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) at 0 (no CuO -NPs), 25 and 50 µg mL to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants. This research primarily aims to assess plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress indicators, as well as the response of various antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic) and their relevant genes expression, proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle, and cellular fractionation within the plants.

Production Technologies for Recombinant Antibodies: Insights into Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic, and Transgenic Expression Systems.

Recombinant antibodies, a prominent class of recombinant proteins, are witnessing substantial growth in research and diagnostics. Recombinant antibodies are being produced employing diverse hosts ranging from highly complex eukaryotes, for instance, mammalian cell lines (and insects, fungi, yeast, etc.) to unicellular prokaryotic models like gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Selenium improved arsenic toxicity tolerance in two bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties by modulating growth, ion uptake, photosynthesis, and antioxidant profile.

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.); an important spice crop of the region is a rich source of vitamins and antioxidants having many health benefits. Many biotic and abiotic factors contribute towards growth and yield losses of this crop.

High-dimensional multi-omics measured in controlled conditions are useful for maize platform and field trait predictions.

Transcriptomics and proteomics information collected on a platform can predict additive and non-additive effects for platform traits and additive effects for field traits. The effects of climate change in the form of drought, heat stress, and irregular seasonal changes threaten global crop production. The ability of multi-omics data, such as transcripts and proteins, to reflect a plant's response to such climatic factors can be capitalized in prediction models to maximize crop improvement.

Characterization, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and growth promoting effects of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles derived from Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees.

One of the most important areas of nanotechnology is the use of nanoparticles (NPs) for a variety of environmental and biological applications, with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) gaining a lot attention due to their distinct properties. The current study deals with the synthesis of Ag-NPs from Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees leaf extract and to determine their antioxidant, antimicrobial potential and effects on wheat seed germination and growth. UV-Visible spectrum revealed a prominent absorption peak at 442 nm, elucidating the conformation of the Ag-NPs synthesis.

Genome wide analysis of carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCO) gene family in Arachis hypogaea (peanut) under biotic stress.

Carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCOs) enzymes play a vital role in plant growth and development through the synthesis of apocarotenoids and their derivative. These chemicals are necessary for flower and fruit coloration, as well as the manufacture of plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA) and strigolactones, which control a variety of physiological processes. The CCOs gene family has not been characterized in Arachis hypogaea.

SEM and LM insights: Spore morphology and its taxonomic significance in Sino Himalayan, Malesian, and European elements of Pteridaceae.

The Pteridaceae family, known for its taxonomic complexity, presents challenges in identification due to high variability among its species. This study investigates the spore morphology employing both SEM and LM techniques in 10 Pteridaceae taxa phytogeographicaly Sino-Himalayan, Malesian, and European elements in Pakistan. The taxa include Adiantum capillus-veneris, A.

Computing the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on the seed germination of Helianthus annuus L. by using a mathematical model.

An extremely important oil crop in the world, Helianthus annuus L. is one of the world's most significant members of the Asteraceae family. The rate and extent of seed germination and agronomic features are consistently affecting  by temperature (T) and changes in water potential (ψ).

Exploring Bacillus mycoides PM35 efficacy in enhancing rice (Oryza sativa L.) response to different types of microplastics through gene regulation and cellular fractionation.

Soil contamination with microplastics (MPs) is a persistent threat to crop production worldwide. With a wide range of MP types, including polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), contaminating our environment, it is important to understand their impact on agricultural productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different types of MPs (PS, PVC and PE) on various aspects of plant growth.

Exogenous application of salicylic acid ameliorates salinity stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a significant cereal crop belonging to Poaceae that is essential for human food and animal feeding. The production of barley grains was around 142.

Inoculation of heavy metal resistant bacteria alleviated heavy metal-induced oxidative stress biomarkers in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.).

Most vegetable crops are severely affected by the uptake of heavy metals from the soil. Heavy metals in vegetable bodies generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that unbalance the antioxidant defense system. This study was initiated to determine the physiological and biochemical characteristics of spinach plants grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals and responding to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus aerius were isolated from soil contaminated with heavy metals.

Breeding for water-use efficiency in wheat: progress, challenges and prospects.

Drought poses a significant challenge to wheat production globally, leading to substantial yield losses and affecting various agronomic and physiological traits. The genetic route offers potential solutions to improve water-use efficiency (WUE) in wheat and mitigate the negative impacts of drought stress. Breeding for drought tolerance involves selecting desirable plants such as efficient water usage, deep root systems, delayed senescence, and late wilting point.

Effect of salinity stress and surfactant treatment with zinc and boron on morpho-physiological and biochemical indices of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum).

Micronutrient application has a crucial role in mitigating salinity stress in crop plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) as foliar applications on fenugreek growth and physiology under salt stress (0 and 120 mM). After 35 days of salt treatments, three levels of zinc (0, 50, and 100 ppm) and two levels of boron (0 and 2 ppm) were applied as a foliar application.

Mitigation effect of alpha-tocopherol and thermo-priming in Brassica napus L. under induced mercuric chloride stress.

Soil pollution with heavy metals has grown to be a big hassle, leading to the loss in farming production particularly in developing countries like Pakistan, where no proper channel is present for irrigation and extraction of these toxic heavy metals. The present study aims to ameliorate the damages caused by heavy metal ions (Hg-Mercury) on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) via a growth regulator (α-tocopherol 150 mg/L) and thermopriming technique at 4 °C and 50 °C to maintain plant agronomical and physiological characteristics.