[The spontaneous variability of populations of fungal strains in the genus Aspergillus--producers of allergen-active substances].

The method of genetic selection has been used for obtaining the fungal cultures of Aspergillus strains, producers of allergen-active substances. The natural variability of populations of A. fumigatus, A.

[Isolation and properties of superoxide dismutase from human blood plasma].

A procedure for purification of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from human blood plasma has been developed, which includes gel filtration on Ultrogels AcA-34 and AcA-44 (LKB, Sweden). The protein purified from blood plasma is a glycoprotein which is thermostable at 70-80 degrees C. The molecular mass of the protein determined immediately after gel filtration is approximately 147,000 daltons.

Molecular heterogeneity of plasma superoxide dismutase.

A method was worked out that helped us to isolate superoxide dismutase (SOD) from human blood plasma. The change of enzyme's activity was shown depending on the period of SOD storage. Changes in activity were observed in storing protein after gel filtration.

[The use of immunoenzyme analysis in the diagnosis of candidiasis in patients with different variants of hemoblastosis].

A total of 84 blood sera taken from patients with tumors of the hematopoietic system, among them 63 blood sera from patients with candidiasis and 21 blood sera from patients without symptoms of Candida infection have been tested in the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). This assay has been found suitable for the diagnosis of the visceral forms of candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia and hematosarcoma. EIA has proved to be an inadequate method for the detection of Candida infection in chronic lympholeukemia patients, as well as in patients with acute leukemia and hematosarcoma, suffering from such local forms of candidiasis as candidiasis of the oral cavity.

[Characteristics of genotoxic and carcinogenic action of metals].

The data on carcinogenic activity of certain metals and their compounds to humans and experimental animals are reviewed. Cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of metal compounds, metal-induced genotoxicity in different short-term tests are described. Specific lesions of DNA produced by carcinogenic metals, the influence of metal ions on the cell growth, DNA replication and DNA repair involved in mutagenesis and oncogenesis are under discussion.

[Modifications to the surface of T-lymphocytes in chronic candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes].

27 patients with chronic candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes have been examined with a view to study the expression of E-receptors and its changes after the incubation of T-lymphocytes with theophylline, levamisole, thymaline and Candida albicans antigen. This study has revealed that, in comparison with healthy persons, most patients show decreased expression of E-receptors, and the character of their changes after incubation with the above-mentioned preparations is essentially different. The deviations revealed in this study have been regarded as the modification of T-cell membranes, which is seemingly one of the reasons of the weak competence of T-cells.

[Effect of exogenous zinc deficiency on the duration of skin graft functioning].

The influence of alimentary zinc deficiency on duration of skin allograft functioning was studied in experiments on guinea pigs. Feeding the animals with a ration deprived of zinc results in significant prolongation of the skin graft functioning period. Thus, in the test group animals that received the ration deprived of zinc the mean time of the graft functioning comprised 24.

[Effect of sodium selenite on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) during hepatocarcinogenesis].

Influence of sodium selenite on functioning of the systems of intracellular generation and detoxication of active oxygen compounds in hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine has been studied in experiments on rats. It has been shown that the duration of latent period initiated by ions of Fe2+ chemiluminescence of homogenate of the liver rather objectively reflects the state of the functioning of the systems in charge of the formation and utilization of free radicals of oxygen in a cell. It is supposed that one of the mechanisms of anticarcinogenic action of selenium is connected with its antioxidant functions in the organism and consists in the increase of the activity of superoxide dismutation and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases, providing a reliable level of enzymatic protection of normal cells from disturbing action of "active oxygen".

[Dynamics of the selenium content and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity in mice and rats with transplantable tumors].

Guerin's adenocarcinoma in rats and Ehrlich ascites tumor in mice involved loss of selenium in visceral organs matched by its simultaneous accumulation in tumor tissue. The activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase was found to increase. The said changes seem to be due to antioxidizing properties of selenium.

[Effect of selenium on the system of superoxide anion radical formation and detoxication in hepatocarcinogenesis].

It is established that the introduction of selenium in combination with diethylnitrosamine into rat organisms has a preventive influence on the tumour formation. The intensity of superoxide radicals formation by the liver cell microsomes in this case decreases, while the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase I, glutathione reductase and concentration of selenium in microsomes increases. The anticarcinogenic action of selenium is considered as a result of an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase I and glutathione reductase.

[Effect of trace element deficiency on metalloenzyme activity and the growth of Guerin carcinoma].

The selective deficiency of manganese, copper, zinc and silicon in the diet of animals essentially decreases the content of the corresponding element in the organism tissues and disturbs the activity of some blood metalloenzymes in tumour-carrying animals. The tumour tissue retains the metals under study in higher amounts. When rats are given the diet with copper deficiency, there are no essential changes in the growth of Guerin carcinoma, whereas deficiency of manganese, silicon and particularly in zinc in the animal diet causes an inhibition of its growth.

[Metal content of nucleic acids in experimental leukosis].

An instrumental neutron-activated analysis was carried out to study metal content in nucleic acids preparations of the rat liver and tumour subjected to Shvets erythromyelosis. It was determined that the DNA and RNA preparations contain iron, zinc, silver, cobalt and scandium. According to the level of concentration of revealed metals are arranged in the row in the following order: iron less than zinc less than silver less than cobalt less than scandium.