Identification of Post-Tuberculosis Lung Function Impairment Early during the Course of Treatment.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and an important contributory factor to chronic lung disease. TB-associated permanent lung damage manifests with varying levels of respiratory disability long after TB has been successfully treated, which is a condition known as post-TB lung disease (PTLD). This study assessed whether lung function impairment associated with PTLD occurs early during TB treatment.

Blood and body fluids exposure, post-exposure prophylaxis, and HIV self-testing among healthcare workers in northern Nigeria.

Introduction: In high-HIV burden settings, such as Nigeria, HIV self-testing and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are often recommended, but not widely practiced. This study aims to identify the predictors of PEP utilization and preferences for HIV self-testing among healthcare workers in Nigeria.

Methods: A total of 403 healthcare workers from a tertiary hospital in Nigeria completed questionnaires.

Health-related quality of life in asthma measured by the World Health Organization brief questionnaire (WHO-BREF) and the effect of concomitant allergic rhinitis-A population-based study.

Background And Objective: The impact of allergic rhinitis (AR), a common comorbidity in asthma, on global quality of life (QoL) using generic QoL questionnaires has not been extensively evaluated.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study among adults ≥18 years old. Generic QoL was measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and asthma control was assessed using the Asthma Control Test.

A double-blind, randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on the immune status and anthropometric parameters of adult HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited setting.

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) in resource-limited settings are vulnerable to malnutrition. Nutritional interventions aimed at improving food insecurity and malnutrition, together with antiretroviral therapy (ART), could improve treatment outcomes. In Nigeria, there is a high awareness of the nutraceutical benefits of Moringa oleifera.

Impact of Moringa Oleifera leaves supplementation on quality of life of people living with HIV: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) and increased interest on nutritional interventions have led to improvements in life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLHIV). These have led to greater emphasis on their quality of life (QoL). This study was aimed at exploring the effects of Moringa oleifera leaves supplementation on QoL of HIV-positive adults in Nigeria.

HIV-associated nephropathy: Protocol and rationale for an exploratory genotype-phenotype study in a sub-Saharan African population.

Background: HIV-positive persons of African descent are disproportionately affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Deterioration to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) also occurs in this population at a higher frequency. There remains a lot to learn about the genetic susceptibility to CKD in HIV positive patients, and the pathophysiology of progression to ESKD.

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

Purpose: Asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and information on the prevalence of asthma in Nigeria is inconsistent. Nationally representative data, important for health planning is unavailable. We aimed to determine the current prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria.

Predictors of Safer Conception Practices Among HIV-Infected Women in Northern Nigeria.

Background: Persons living with HIV often face discrimination in safe sex and reproductive choices, especially in lowresource settings. This study assessed fertility desires and intentions, risk perception and correlates of ever use of at least one safer conception method among HIV-infected women attending a tertiary health facility in Kano, Nigeria.

Methods: Structured questionnaires were administered to a cross section of 328 of 427 eligible HIV-infected women.

Asthma management and control in Nigeria: the asthma insight and reality Nigeria (AIRNIG) study.

: The state of asthma management and asthma control at the population level in Nigeria is unknown. We aimed to determine the level of asthma control and asthma management practices in Nigeria. : A cross-sectional population-based study of 405 participants with current asthma (physician-diagnosed with use of asthma medication or asthma symptoms in the preceding 12 months).

Determinants of Infant Feeding Practices Among HIV-Infected Mothers in Urban Kano, Nigeria.

Background: Despite advances in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, infants in Africa remain at risk of HIV acquisition from inappropriate feeding practices.

Research Aims: To assess maternal knowledge and predictors of appropriate infant feeding practices among HIV-infected mothers attending a tertiary facility in Kano, Nigeria.

Method: A cross section of 203 HIV-positive mothers were interviewed using structured, pretested survey questionnaires.

Should They Also Have Babies? Community Attitudes Toward Sexual and Reproductive Rights of People Living With HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.

Background: People living with HIV have the right to healthy, satisfying sex lives and to appropriate services to ensure their sexual and reproductive health, including having healthy children. The reproductive rights of people living with HIV/AIDS are, however, often met with skepticism and discrimination, despite recent advances in HIV treatment.

Objective: To assess the attitudes of community members in Kano, Nigeria, toward the right of persons living with HIV/AIDS to have healthy sexual relationships and bear children.

High mortality among tuberculosis patients on treatment in Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death in much of sub-Saharan Africa despite available effective treatment. Prompt initiation of TB treatment and access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains vital to the success of TB control. We assessed time to mortality after treatment onset using data from a large treatment centre in Nigeria.

Long-term outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in an adult HIV program: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Kano, Nigeria.

Background: Treatment outcomes from HIV/AIDS programs in resource-limited settings mostly describe short-term follow-up. We report 10-year treatment outcomes in an HIV clinic in Kano, Nigeria.

Methods: Using paper medical charts, the authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients that initiated ART from June 1, 2004 to December 31, 2007, and were followed up until June 30, 2014.

Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria.

HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) are common among HIV-positive individuals. This study explored the prevalence and correlates of HAND in Nigeria. 80 HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative adults selected from Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) received comprehensive evaluations.

Incidence of tuberculosis and immunological profile of TB/HIV co-infected patients in Nigeria.

Background: We obtained estimates of the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among patients receiving HIV Treatment. We also modeled the relationship between incident TB and change in CD4 count over the follow-up period.

Methods: We analyzed the incidence of TB over 10 years from initiation of HIV treatment among 345 HIV treatment-naïve persons, who were enrolled in a cohort in Kano, Nigeria.

Socio-Demographic and Adherence Factors Associated with Viral Load Suppression in HIV-Infected Adults Initiating Therapy in Northern Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Peer Support Intervention.

Background: Virological suppression is the main goal of antiretroviral therapy. To achieve this goal, efficient interventions that promote treatment adherence are needed. This study was aimed at exploring the impact of peer-education on virological outcomes in Northern Nigeria.

Clinical burden and correlates of HIV and malaria co-infection, in northwest Nigeria.

The clinical burden of malaria and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well-described, but the dynamics of the interaction between the two diseases remain poorly understood. Using a cross-sectional study design, we assessed the prevalence and predictors of malaria infection among HIV-positive patients attending a referral center in urban Kano, northwest Nigeria. Structured questionnaires covering socio-demographic characteristics, HIV diagnosis and treatment, malaria preventive practices, clinical events and treatment were administered to HIV-infected adults (n=363).

Domestic violence among women living with HIV/AIDS in Kano, Northern Nigeria.

Despite the increased risk of domestic violence among women living with HIV/AIDS, its burden has not been adequately explored in many developing countries including Nigeria. Using interviewer administered questionnaires we assessed the prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence among 300 HIV seropositive women attending a teaching hospital in northern Nigeria. Participants have been diagnosed HIV positive for an average of 6.

Post diagnosis reaction, perceived stigma and sexual behaviour of HIV/AIDS patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Northern Nigeria.

Background: The process of becoming aware of one's serostatus, immediate and delayed responses of the individual, family and community have profound implications on health seeking behaviour of PLWHAs especially in developing countries. We investigated post-diagnosis reactions, disclosure, perceived stigmatization and sexual behaviour of PLWHAs in northern Nigeria.

Methods: A triangulation of methods consisting of structured interviewer questionnaire administered on 205 respondents and two Focus Group Discussions with PLWHAs receiving care at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital was used.

Once-daily antiretroviral therapy among treatment-experienced Muslim patients fasting for the month of Ramadan.

Many countries with a considerable burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Africa and Asia also have a substantial Muslim population. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has led to reductions in HIV morbidity and mortality in those areas. However, for ART to remain durably effective its provision should be adapted to local and religious customary practices such as Ramadan fasting.

Correlates of fertility intentions among HIV/AIDS patients in northern Nigeria.

Little research has been conducted regarding the reproductive intentions of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in northern Nigeria. We studied reproductive desires and their predictors among 340 PLWHA receiving care at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. Of all respondents, 60 (70.

Prevalence and predictors of tuberculosis coinfection among HIV-seropositive patients attending the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, northern Nigeria.

Background: The HIV/AIDS epidemic has been accompanied by a severe epidemic of tuberculosis (TB), although the prevalence of coinfection is largely unknown, especially in developing countries, including Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of TB coinfection among HIV-seropositive Nigerians.

Methods: The case files of HIV/AIDS patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria from January to December 2006 were reviewed.