Effects of systemically transplanted allogeneic bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells on rats' recovery after experimental polytrauma.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate impact of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MMSCs) on recovery after polytrauma and bone fracture repair.

Methods: A total 27 Wistar-Kyoto rats were divided into three groups (n = 9): normal control (A), polytrauma (B), and polytrauma treated with BM MMSC transplantation (C). The experimental polytrauma model was made on male rats by causing multiple fractures and hemorrhagic shock.

Calcium-enriched bread for treatment of uremic hyperphosphatemia.

Objective: To assess phosphate-binding efficacy of a new food product, bread with unusually high calcium content (Ca-bread).

Design And Setting: A randomized parallel group trial in the university hospital outpatient dialysis unit.

Patients: Fifty-three randomly selected uremic patients who met the following inclusion criteria: (1) required maintenance hemodialysis treatment, (2) were not to receive vitamin D throughout the study, (3) were nondiabetic, and (4) were diagnosed with hyperphosphatemia.

Disorders of calcium metabolism at various times after renal transplantation.

Objectives: Increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) production and related defects of calcium-phosphorus metabolism could persist even after successful kidney transplantation. Much more serious long term consequences after the transplantation are bone defects caused by immunosuppressive drugs. Many authors consider steroid therapy as one of the factors that maintain this process.

Does the switch from sandimmun to Sandimmun neoral reduce patient need for Phenihydine?

In patients receiving cyclosporine A (CyA)-based immunosuppressive therapy, Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) prevent the development of CyA-related nephrotoxicity in which increased Ca2+ content plays an important role. We evaluated the dynamics of the intracellular (erythrocytes) and extracellular (plasma) Ca2+ levels and the influence of the CCB, Phenihydine, on this process during the conversion from Sandimmun (S) to Sandimmun Neoral (SN). Forty-two patients were enrolled.

Effect of Sandimmun Neoral on the level of bivalent cations in erythrocytes of kidney transplant recipients.

In a 4 month study, a group of 16 patients with stable renal graft function receiving triple immunosuppressive therapy including cyclosporin A (Cy A) were investigated for the levels of calcium, magnesium and zinc in erythrocytes. The patients were randomized to be converted to the new microemulsion formulation (Sandimmun Neoral) in a 1:1 fashion (n = 8) or to continue with the classical formulation (Sandimmun) (n = 8). The concentrations of creatinine, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium, magnesium and zinc were measured twice a month in blood plasma.

[The metabolism of heavy metals depends on the vitamin-D status of the body].

The effect of vitamin D3 and its two metabolites 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 on the metabolism of heavy metals--Sr, Pb and Cd was studied. The experiments were carried out on chickens, the heavy metals were added to the chicken's ration. The results obtained demonstrated that vitamin D3 caused accumulation of those metals in tissues and their toxicity in organisms.

[Effects of calcium on the course of strontium toxicosis].

Chronic intake of Sr for 20 days by chickens caused in them a delay in body mass increase and symptoms of rickets in spite of complete provision with vitamin D. There were low levels of Ca, P, enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase in the serum, inhibited mineralization of bone tissue, reduced levels of vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein, Sr accumulation in various tissues. Enrichment with Ca of the chickens ration diminished the above signs of Sr toxicosis.

[Experience in treating metabolic osteopathies with 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (oksidevit)].

The action of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (oxydevit) was estimated in 204 patients with renal osteodystrophy, osteoporosis of varying etiology, osteomalacia because of malabsorption, congenital rickets-like diseases. The drug was shown to be highly effective in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremia, steroidal and senile osteoporosis. The treatment involved replacement therapy.

[24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates the effect of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 on B lymphocyte maturation in chickens].

Patterns of calcium metabolism and maturation of lymphocytes in chicken Fabricius bursa were studied in presence of various doses of I alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 administered separately and at various combinations. 24,25(OH2)D3 was distinctly less effective in the antirickets activity as compared with I alpha (OH)D3. A decrease in mass of Fabricius bursa and inhibition of lymphocytes maturation within early steps were observed in the birds with rickets.

[Immunocorrecting properties and effect on the phosphorus-calcium metabolism of oxidevit (1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3)].

Effect of oxidevite (I alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3) on the patterns of immunity system and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus were studied in 45 patients with chronic bronchitis, which, were treated with the drug at doses of 2 or 4 micrograms during 1 or 2 weeks. Specific patterns of calcium and phosphorus metabolism were altered in the patients depending on dose of the drug and duration of the course treatment. The dose of 4 micrograms per a day within 2 weeks was excessive.

[Treatment of severe postmenopausal osteoporosis].

The paper is concerned with the results of therapy of a severe form of postmenopausal osteoporosis in 5 patients using the combination of estrogens, 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol and calcitonin. The treatment with the above drugs was accompanied by marked improvement of the general status. It was characterized by an increase in daily calcium excretion with urine, normalization of the concentration of calcium, inorganic phosphorus and serum alkaline phosphatase activity.

[Effect of strontium on the anti-rickets activity of vitamin D3 and its hydroxy analogs].

Antirickets activity of vitamin D3 and of its derivatives 1 alpha- and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 1.25- and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and 1,24,25-trihydroxy vitamin D3 was studied in chicken maintained on a diet containing various amount (0.01-2.

[Renal osteodystrophy and its possible correction in patients on chronic hemodialysis].

Results of diagnosis and treatment of renal osteodystrophy are discussed concerning 162 patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis. In most cases (15%) osteopenia and hyperparathyroidism were revealed. Roentgenologic investigation revealed metastatic calcification mostly in foot vessels, whereas microscopic study of internal organs in the lungs.

[Plasma zinc content in patients with chronic renal insufficiency before and after kidney transplantation].

Zinc content in blood plasma was measured in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after kidney transplantation by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. Plasma zinc was revealed to be lowered. However, routine intake of vitamin A by the patients led to an elevation in zinc content.

Vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulate the skeletal muscle-calcium mobilization in rachitic chicks.

The Ca content in skeletal muscle relative to vitamin D3 intake was studied in chicks. It was found that the Ca content in rachitic chick muscle was significantly higher than normal and it decreased with vitamin D3 treatment. In 4-week-old chicks fed a vitamin D-deficient diet, the Ca content in leg muscle reached 9.

[Hypophosphatemia after successful transplantation of the kidney. Clinico-experimental study].

The dynamic of indices changes of phosphorus treatment with nefrons in 16 patients after kidney transplantation was studied. The transitory hypophosphatemia accompanied with urine was typical in the majority of patients. The decrease of reabsorption and elevation of phosphorus clearance were noted.

[Comparative antirachitic activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in the chick].

1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and its synthetic analogue 1 alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 were administered into chicken at the doses of 0.025, 0.05 and 0.

Reversal of prednisolone-induced inhibition of intestinal calcium-binding protein synthesis by 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in chicks.

Effects of prednisolone on the biochemical indices of blood serum, ash content in bones, calcium absorption and calcium-binding protein (CaBP) in the intestinal mucosa were studied. The oral administration of prednisolone (10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks reduced CaBP content and calcium absorption to the level typical for D-avitaminosis. The oral administration of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (390 pmoles/day) in combination with prednisolone for a week returned calcium absorption and CaBP to the control value.