Combined Genome-Wide Association Study and Linkage Analysis for Mining Candidate Genes for the Kernel Row Number in Maize ( L.).

Kernel row number (KRN) is one of the key traits that significantly affect maize yield and productivity. Therefore, investigating the candidate genes and their functions in regulating KRN provides a theoretical basis and practical direction for genetic improvement in maize breeding, which is vital for increasing maize yield and understanding domestication. In this study, three recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed using the parental lines AN20, YML1218, CM395, and Ye107, resulting in a multiparent population comprising a total of 490 F9 RILs.

QTL mapping and genome-wide association analysis reveal genetic loci and candidate gene for resistance to gray leaf spot in tropical and subtropical maize germplasm.

Using QTL mapping and GWAS, two candidate genes (Zm00001d051039 and Zm00001d051147) were consistently identified across the three different environments and BLUP values. GWAS analysis identified the candidate gene, Zm00001d044845. These genes were subsequently validated to exhibit a significant association with maize gray leaf spot (GLS) resistance.

Mining of Oil Content Genes in Recombinant Maize Inbred Lines with Introgression from Temperate and Tropical Germplasm.

The oil content of maize kernels is essential to determine its nutritional and economic value. A multiparent population (MPP) consisting of five recombinant inbred line (RIL) subpopulations was developed to elucidate the genetic basis of the total oil content (TOC) in maize. The MPP used the subtropical maize inbred lines CML312 and CML384, along with the tropical maize inbred lines CML395, YML46, and YML32 as the female parents, and Ye107 as the male parent.

Dissection of Common Rust Resistance in Tropical Maize Multiparent Population through GWAS and Linkage Studies.

Common rust (CR), caused by , is a major foliar disease in maize that leads to quality deterioration and yield losses. To dissect the genetic architecture of CR resistance in maize, this study utilized the susceptible temperate inbred line Ye107 as the male parent crossed with three resistant tropical maize inbred lines (CML312, D39, and Y32) to generate 627 F recombinant inbred lines (RILs), with the aim of identifying maize disease-resistant loci and candidate genes for common rust. Phenotypic data showed good segregation between resistance and susceptibility, with varying degrees of resistance observed across different subpopulations.

Fiber Quality Improvement in Upland Cotton ( L.): Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping and Marker Assisted Selection Application.

Genetic improvement in fiber quality is one of the main challenges for cotton breeders. Fiber quality traits are controlled by multiple genes and are classified as complex quantitative traits, with a negative relationship with yield potential, so the genetic gain is low in traditional genetic improvement by phenotypic selection. The availability of genomic sequences facilitates the development of high-throughput molecular markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) fine mapping and gene identification, which helps us to validate candidate genes and to use marker assisted selection (MAS) on fiber quality in breeding programs.

Cumulative and different genetic effects contributed to yield heterosis using maternal and paternal backcross populations in Upland cotton.

Heterosis has been utilized in commercial production, but the heterosis mechanism has remained vague. Hybrid cotton is suitable to dissect the heterosis mechanism. In order to explore the genetic basis of heterosis in Upland cotton, we generated paternal and maternal backcross (BC/P and BC/M) populations.

Overexpression of GhDof1 improved salt and cold tolerance and seed oil content in Gossypium hirsutum.

A homologous GhDof1, which belongs to a large family of plant-specific transcription factor DOF, was isolated from Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). GhDof1 protein was located in the nucleus of onion epidermal cells, the core domain of transcriptional activity existed in the C-terminal, and the activity elements of GhDof1 promoter existed in the regions of -645∼ -469bp and -286∼ -132bp of transcriptional start codon.

Genome and transcriptome-wide analyses of cellulose synthase gene superfamily in soybean.

The plant cellulose synthase gene superfamily belongs to the category of type-2 glycosyltransferases, and is involved in cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis. These enzymes are vital for maintaining cell-wall structural integrity throughout plant life. Here, we identified 78 putative cellulose synthases (CS) in the soybean genome.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Biotin Carboxyl Carrier Subunits of Heteromeric Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase in .

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is an important enzyme, which catalyzes acetyl-CoA's carboxylation to produce malonyl-CoA and to serve as a committed step for fatty acid biosynthesis in plastids. In this study, 24 putative cotton genes were identified based on the lately published genome data in . Among them, 4, 4, 8, and 8 homologs were identified in , and , respectively.