Performers' Perceptions of Vocal Function During Oral Steroid Treatment of Vocal Fold Edema.

Objectives: Acute vocal fold edema (VFE) is often a consequence of illness, allergy, or voice overuse, causing dysphonia. Although VFE typically resolves with voice rest and treatment of predisposing causes, oral glucocorticoids are often considered for performers with imminent performance demands. There are limited data about performers' perceptions of vocal change during treatment and how this relates to their ability to perform.

Evaluation of Laryngeal Motor Neuropathy Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Mediated Evoked Potentials.

Objectives/hypothesis: Contemporary evaluation of vocal fold motion impairment largely relies on clinical laryngoscopy, with the diagnoses of vocal fold paresis (VFPa) and paralysis (VFP) being based on identification of partial and complete restriction of gross vocal fold motion, respectively. No consensus exists on the diagnostic criteria of VFPa. Laryngeal electromyography does not offer any insight into nerve conduction velocity without the adjunction of nerve conduction studies, which are impractical to perform on laryngeal nerves due to their anatomic location.

Laryngeal cancers in paediatric and young adult patients: epidemiology, biology and treatment.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of thi study was to review the recent literature on epidemiology, biology and treatment of laryngeal cancer in paediatric and young adult patients.

Recent Findings: Epidemiological studies reported that 2-10% of patients with laryngeal cancer are younger than 40-year-old, while the prevalence of laryngeal cancer remains unknown in the paediatric population. The development of laryngeal cancer in young adults is multifactorial and may be linked to common carcinogens (tobacco and alcohol), occupational factors, laryngopharyngeal reflux, immunosuppression, human papillomavirus infection and genetic polymorphism.

Transoral Laser Microsurgical Excision of a Laryngeal Schwannoma Located in the Paraglottic Space.

Objectives/hypothesis: To report the first case of transoral excision of a paraglottic laryngeal schwannoma.

Methods: Case report.

Results: Laryngeal schwannomas are rare tumors, with approximately 75 cases reported to date worldwide.

Prospective Evaluation of Safety of Singing on Steroids: Testing the Truth of Received Wisdom.

Objectives/hypothesis: Performing while on steroids is widely considered to increase risk of vocal injury. This study aims to determine incidence and type of injury, and changes in performers' voices after treatment of vocal fold edema (VFE) with glucocorticoids.

Study Design: Prospective Cohort.

Contemporary Management of Benign Parapharyngeal Lesions Using Minimally Invasive Techniques: Case Discussion and Review of the Literature.

Branchial anomalies can present in the parapharyngeal space, creating unique challenges in management. Historically, this approach warranted an open approach, including transcervical, transparotid with total parotidectomy and retromandibular dissection, or transmandibular dissection with mandibulotomy. However, the advent of minimally invasive transoral techniques and laser resection have allowed for successful resection of masses in this anatomical region without an external approach.

Effectiveness of Injection Laryngoplasty for Aspiration in Acute Iatrogenic Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Systematic Review.

Objective/hypothesis: To review current evidence on effectiveness of injection laryngoplasty on aspiration outcomes in acute unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Methods: A literature search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception of each database to May 2019.

Spasmodic Dysphonia.

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a rare focal laryngeal dystonia. It is characterized by task-specific voice dysfluency resulting from selective intrinsic laryngeal musculature hyperfunction. Symptoms may be attenuated by a sensory trick.

Type I Posterior Glottic Stenosis: Natural History and In-Office Management.

Objectives: To review the natural history of type I posterior glottic stenosis (PGS-I) and its treatment outcomes through a case presentation and demonstrate the feasibility of in-office management of PGS-I.

Methods: The case of a middle-aged woman who developed PGS-I after prolonged intubation is presented. A review of the literature on management and treatment outcomes of PGS-I is also performed.

In-office procedures for the treatment of benign vocal fold lesions in the awake patient: A contemporary review.

Objectives: To review available information regarding in-office procedures for benign vocal fold lesions (BVFL).

Methods: PubMed term search on office/awake laryngeal procedures for any of the following specific lesions: Reinke's edema (RE), polyps, nodules, varices, vocal process granuloma, and vocal fold (VF) scar.

Results: In-office ablative and nonablative laser procedures have been described for BVFL, including RE, polyps, varices, and granuloma.

Phonotraumatic Injury in Fitness Instructors: Risk Factors, Diagnoses, and Treatment Methods.

Unlabelled: Fitness instructors are at risk for phonotraumatic injury caused by a combination of occupation-driven environmental and physiologic factors.

Objectives: This study analyzes phonotraumatic injury in a cohort of fitness instructors to define the spectrum of disease, inform treatment, and make educational recommendations.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Time Course of Recovery of Iatrogenic Vocal Fold Paralysis.

Objective: To clarify the time course of recovery in patients with iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Medical records for all patients with iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis over a 10-year period were reviewed to obtain demographic and clinical information, including onset of disease and recovery of vocal function.

The Voice of Autoimmunity: Antisynthetase Syndrome Manifesting as Vocal Fold Bamboo Nodes.

Objectives: To describe a case of vocal fold bamboo nodes leading to the diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder. To highlight the link between these laryngeal lesions and autoimmunity.

Methods: A case of vocal fold bamboo nodes in a patient with long-standing interstitial lung disease is presented.

A prospective crossover trial of botulinum toxin chemodenervation versus injection augmentation for essential voice tremor.

Objectives/hypothesis: Botulinum toxin chemodenervation (BTX) is used to treat essential voice tremor (EVT), but results are not uniformly satisfactory. This study sought to assess the comparative utility of injection augmentation (IA) for EVT.

Study Design: Prospective crossover treatment study.

Laryngoscopic and stroboscopic signs in the diagnosis of vocal fold paresis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To identify strobolaryngoscopic findings significant in the diagnosis of paresis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Fellowship-trained laryngologists reviewed 34 videostroboscopic examinations (24 with paresis, eight without paresis, two repeat).

Early glottic cancer involving the anterior commissure treated by transoral laser cordectomy.

Objectives/hypothesis: Anterior commissure involvement is considered to be a risk factor for poorer outcomes after transoral laser cordectomy (TLC) for early glottic cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes and relevance of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification in a large series of patients with early glottic cancer involving the anterior commissure treated by TLC.

Methods: The clinical and surgical parameters, as well as follow-up results, of the patients treated consecutively for early-stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma involving the anterior commissure (Tis, T1a, T1b, and T2) by transoral CO2 laser cordectomy in an urban academic medical center from January 2001 to March 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.

Transcervical Conservation Laryngeal Surgery: An Anatomic Understanding to Enhance Functional and Oncologic Outcomes.

The goal of this review is to facilitate an improved understanding of the indications and contraindications to transcervical conservation laryngeal surgery in the treatment of glottic and supraglottic carcinoma. An overview of seminal anatomic principles is presented to provide guidance for clinicians contemplating open partial laryngectomy options.

Quality of Life After Conservation Surgery for Laryngeal Cancer.

Quality of life preservation has become an essential goal of treatment in the management of laryngeal carcinoma. Although established treatments of reference such as total laryngectomy and chemoradiation protocols have focused on survival and anatomic preservation of the larynx, they still generate considerable functional morbidity with detrimental effects on quality of life. Transoral and transcervical partial laryngectomy techniques can offer significant advantages when used prudently after proper patient selection.

Identifying outcome predictors of transoral laser cordectomy for early glottic cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of outcomes in patients with early glottic cancer treated by transoral laser cordectomy.

Methods: This was an inception cohort study of 201 patients with early glottic cancer who were treated by transoral laser cordectomy. Five-year Kaplan-Meier analyses were realized.

Dysphonia in performers: toward a clinical definition of laryngology of the performing voice.

Objectives: To identify causes of dysphonia in performers and compare causes and aspects of treatment of dysphonia in performers and nonperformers.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Methods: A chart review of all new patients presenting with a chief complaint of dysphonia over a 1-year period was performed.

A new treatment paradigm for trigeminal neuralgia using Botulinum toxin type A.

Objectives: To review the current data for the use of Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and to describe the preferred injection technique of BoNT-A in TN. To propose a new treatment paradigm for TN incorporating the use BoNT-A.

Data Sources: MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases.

Hoarseness evaluation: a transatlantic survey of laryngeal experts.

Objectives/hypothesis: Hoarseness is a symptom of laryngeal dysfunction, without an existing consensus regarding its appropriate evaluation. A survey of laryngeal specialists is proposed to establish expert opinion on the methodology for evaluation of hoarseness, and to identify divergence of opinion regarding appropriate management.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.