A comparative study on capability of different tree species in accumulating heavy metals from soil and ambient air.

Heavy metals (HMs) in the urban environment can be bio-accumulated by plant tissues. The aim of this study was to compare fourteen different tree species in terms of their capability to accumulate four airborne and soilborne HMs including; zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Samplings were performed during spring, summer, and fall seasons.

Steady state and time-resolved fluorescence properties of metastatic and non-metastatic malignant cells from different species.

Steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy were employed to study the fluorescence from non-metastatic, metastatic and non-tumorigenic cell lines from different species. Excitations at 310 nm and 350 nm were used to monitor tryptophan and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) fluorescence respectively. Subtle and consistent differences were observed between different categories of cell lines.

Cloning and identification of genes differentially expressed in metastatic and non-metastatic rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines.

The objective of this study was to identify genes involved in invasion and metastasis using a rat rhabdomyosarcoma model (SMF-A and RMS-B cell lines). The SMF-A cell line was established from a metastatic nodule of an induced rhabdomyosarcoma in syngeneic F344 rats. Two cell lines with defined metastatic potentials, SMF-Ai and SMF-Da, were cloned from the SMF-A line.

Correlation between cell differentiation stage, types of invasion, and hematogenous metastasis in experimental rhabdomyosarcomas.

Cancer malignancy is directly related to invasiveness and metastasis and inversely related to the degree of tumor differentiation. The relation between the stage of cell differentiation and the types of invasion leading to metastasis is not entirely clear. Intramuscularly transplanted rat rhabdomyosarcomas are good models to study cell differentiation, invasion, and metastasis.

Tumor-forming ability in athymic nude mice of human cell lines devoid of mitochondrial DNA.

We have examined the contribution of the mitochondrial genome to the tumorigenic phenotype expressed by human cell lines derived from an ovarian and a cervical carcinoma and from an osteogenic sarcoma. All these continuous cell lines are anchorage-independent in soft agar and form tumors in athymic nude mice. Long-term exposure of the cells to ethidium bromide, an intercalating agent which inhibits mitochondrial DNA replication, gave rise to subclones depleted of mitochondrial DNA and RNA molecules and displaying either anchorage independence or dependence.

Rat myoblastic sarcoma cell lines. A model for the study of invasion, metastasis, and myogenic differentiation.

Background: To understand the relation between differentiation and metastasis and to identify genes involved in invasive or metastatic potential of cancer cells it is necessary to develop experimental models allowing in vivo and in vitro studies.

Experimental Design: Cell lines with definite metastatic potentials have been established and cloned from a metastatic nodule of an induced rhabdomyosarcoma in syngeneic F344 rats. The parental cell line, SMF-A, is tumorigenic, highly invasive and metastatic.

Transplantability of myelocytomatosis MC29 virus-producing cell lines in chicken. Lateral transformation of host cells.

The transplantability of myelocytomatosis MC29 virus-producing chicken cell lines BR-3 and OB-1 was examined in 1-day-old chicks. Both cell lines, derived from the chicken cell line DU249, harbor nuclear genetic markers for drug resistance. When these cells were inoculated subcutaneously in the wing web of chicks, tumors developed at the site of injection in 65% of the cases.

Coexpression of alpha-sarcomeric actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin and desmin during myogenesis in rat and mouse embryos I. Skeletal muscle.

Expression of vimentin, desmin, alpha-sarcomeric and alpha-smooth muscle actins in embryonic tissues of rat and mice was examined using an immunohistochemical approach. The results showed a similarity in the expression of desmin and alpha-actin isoforms (alpha-sr and alpha-sm) in skeletal muscle cells during murine feto-embryonic development. In the two species, coexpression of alpha-sr and alpha-sm actins has been observed in cardiomyoblasts, myotomal myoblasts and myotubes.

Ultracytochemical study of lytic complex insertion in the glycocalyx of red cells during immune hemolysis mediated by complement.

Ruthenium red (RR), a cationic dye and an ultrastructural tracer of cell membrane permeability, was used on sheep red blood cells after lysis produced by a specific antibody and guinea pig complement. In addition to the opacification of the glycocalyx, RR stained structures related to lytic complexes, which appeared as rod-like structures with variable dimensions (generally 45 nm in width, 75 nm in height) inserted in the glycocalyx of red cells. They extended across the external layer of the trilaminar plasma membrane without reaching the internal layer or the cytoplasm.

Differential expression of the epidermal K1 and K10 keratin genes during mouse embryo development.

Induction of genes coding for the K1 and K10 keratins during mouse development was studied by measuring the accumulation of their respective mRNAs in day 10 to 17 embryos using an RNase protection assay. Although these two keratins are coexpressed in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis, it was found that while K1 mRNA was detectable as soon as day 10, K10 mRNA was not detectable before day 12. The expression of these genes at this stage of development was not expected since they are specifically associated with keratinization, a process that does not begin before day 17 of gestation.

Intermediate filament proteins and actin isoforms as markers for soft tissue tumor differentiation and origin. II. Rhabdomyosarcomas.

A series of 15 rhabdomyosarcomas was examined by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) and indirect immunofluorescence, the latter using monoclonal or affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies to desmin, vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle and alpha-sarcomeric (alpha-sr) actins. By light microscopy, the authors diagnosed 1 botrioid, 1 alveolar, and 7 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, 4 pleomorphic spindle cell sarcomas, and 2 spindle cell sarcomas, one nondistinct, the other with a hemangiopericytomatous pattern. By transmission electron microscopy, 13 neoplasms disclosed rhabdomyoblastic differentiation; the remaining 2, myogenic differentiation.

Chemically induced rhabdomyosarcomas in rats. Ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, biochemical features and expression of alpha-actin isoforms.

A series of 14 primary and two metastatic rat rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) induced with nickel sulfide was studied by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence, avidin-biotin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Monoclonal or affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies were used for the immunohistochemical demonstration of vimentin, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle (alpha-sm) actin and alpha-sarcomeric (alpha-sr) actin. By histological and ultrastructural studies, four categories of RMS were diagnosed on the basis of the neoplastic cell types.

[Ultrastructural characteristics of the regression of a Novikoff hepatoma transplanted into immunized rats].

In order to elucidate ultrastructure of tumoral rejection, we have studied the sequential morphological modifications of Novikoff hepatoma transplanted in striated muscle of normal and immunized rats. Specific immunity was induced by the repeated injection of small doses of tumor cells. One month after immunization, a tumorigenous dose was then injected in striated muscle.

Quantitative and ultrastructural changes of peritoneal macrophages in immunized rats after intraperitoneal injection of Novikoff hepatoma.

The response of peritoneal cells to transplantable Novikoff hepatoma was studied in immunized and nonimmunized inbred male SD rats to elucidate the role of macrophages in syngeneic tumor rejection. Specific immunization was induced by double sc challenge with viable tumor cells. Peritoneal cells were harvested by lavage at intervals of 6 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 days after ip tumor injection.