Effect of IL-17A on the immune response to pulmonary tuberculosis induced by high- and low-virulence strains of Mycobacterium bovis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious, chronic, and progressive disease occurring globally. Human TB is caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), while the main causative agent of bovine TB is Mycobacterium bovis (M.

IFN-γ stimulates Paneth cell secretion through necroptosis mTORC1 dependent.

Immune mediators affect multiple biological functions of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and, like Paneth and Paneth-like cells, play an important role in intestinal epithelial homeostasis. IFN-γ a prototypical proinflammatory cytokine disrupts intestinal epithelial homeostasis. However, the mechanism underlying the process remains unknown.

Necrosis plays a role in the concentration of mycobacterial antigens in granulomas from Mycobacterium bovis naturally infected cattle.

The dynamics that develop between cells and molecules in the host against infection by Mycobacterium bovis, leads to the formation of granulomas mainly present in the lungs and regional lymph nodes in cattle. Cell death is one of the main features in granuloma organization, however, it has not been characterized in granulomatous lesions caused by M. bovis.

In-Silico Selection of Wound-Healing Plant Secondary Molecules and Their Pro-Healing Activities on Experimental Models.

This study explored the potential of plant-derived molecules (PDMs) as a medicinal treatment for skin wounds. To assess their healing properties, 34 potential drug molecules (PDMs) and ten therapeutic targets were subjected to molecular docking and dynamics analysis, with allantoin used as a standard compound. Although aristolochic acid had the most potent inhibitory effect, its toxicity made it unsuitable for testing on cells and mice.

[Regulación de la expresión de IL-33 e IL-17 por la modulación farmacológica de HIF-1 en un modelo murino de inflamación alérgica pulmonar].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of pharmacological modulation of HIF-1 on the expression of IL-33 and IL-17 in a murine model of allergic pulmonary inflam- mation (API) with different degrees of severity.

Methods: 5 mice/group received ovalbumin (OVA) 1(mild), 2(moderate) or 3(severe) challenges via i.t.

Necrotic Cell Death and Inflammasome NLRP3 Activity in -Infected Bovine Macrophages.

is a facultative intracellular bacterium that produces cellular necrosis in granulomatous lesions in bovines. Although -induced inflammation actively participates in granuloma development, its role in necrotic cell death and in bovine macrophages has not been fully explored. In this study, we evaluate the effect of AN5 and its culture filtrate protein extract (CFPE) on inflammasome activation in bovine macrophages and its consequences on cell death.

naturally infected calves present a higher bacterial load and proinflammatory response than adult cattle.

Granulomas are characteristic bovine tuberculosis lesions; studying this structure has improved our understanding of tuberculosis pathogenesis. However, the immune response that develops in granulomas of young cattle naturally infected with () has not been fully studied. Our previous work described an atypical pattern in granulomatous lesions of cattle younger than 4 months (calves) naturally infected previously that did not correspond to the histological classification previously proposed.

BCG∆BCG1419c and BCG differ in induction of autophagy, c-di-GMP content, proteome, and progression of lung pathology in Mycobacterium tuberculosis HN878-infected male BALB/c mice.

The efficacy of BCG vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains of lineage 2 (Beijing) in preclinical models and humans has been questioned. We have developed BCG∆BCG1419c, by deletion of BCG1419c in BCG Pasteur, which improved control of tuberculosis (TB) in preclinical models. Here, we compared the capacity of BCG and BCG∆BCG1419c to induce autophagy in murine macrophages, modify c-di-GMP content and transcript levels of BCG1416c, encoding the enzyme responsible for c-di-GMP synthesis/degradation, and of BCG1419c, encoding the phosphodiesterase involved in c-di-GMP degradation.

RRM1 and ERCC1 as biomarkers in patients with locally advanced and metastatic malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with continuous infusion of low-dose gemcitabine plus cisplatin.

Background: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive neoplasia that usually presents at advanced stages. Even though some advances have been achieved in the management of patients with MPM, this malignancy continuous to impose a deleterious prognosis for affected patients (12-18 months as median survival, and 5-10% 5-year survival rate), accordingly, the recognition of biomarkers that allow us to select the most appropriate therapy are necessary.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry semi-quantitative analysis was performed to evaluate four different biomarkers (ERCC1, RRM1, RRM2, and hENT-1) with the intent to explore if any of them was useful to predict response to treatment with continuous infusion gemcitabine plus cisplatin.

16α-Bromoepiandrosterone as a new candidate for experimental diabetes-tuberculosis co-morbidity treatment.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single bacterial infectious agent and is one of the most relevant issues of public health. Another pandemic disease is type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) that is estimated to affect half a billion people in the world. T2D is directly associated with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle and is frequently associated with immunosuppression.

MicroRNA Profiling in Wilms Tumor: Identification of Potential Biomarkers.

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant renal tumor in children. With current treatments, ~90% of children diagnosed with WT survive and generally present with tumors characterized by favorable histology (FHWT), whereas prognosis is poor for the remaining 10% of cases where the tumors are characterized by cellular diffuse anaplasia (DAWT). Relatively few studies have investigated microRNA-related epigenetic regulation and its relationship with altered gene expression in WT.

Live Attenuated Expressing and Releasing Cell-Permeable Bax BH3 Peptide Through the MisL Autotransporter System Elicits Antitumor Activity in a Murine Xenograft Model of Human B Non-hodgkin's Lymphoma.

The survival of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has substantially improved with current treatments. Nevertheless, the appearance of drug-resistant cancer cells leads to patient relapse. It is therefore necessary to find new antitumor therapies that can completely eradicate transformed cells.

Expression of YY1 in Wilms tumors with favorable histology is a risk factor for adverse outcomes.

Aim: To investigate the role of the transcription factor YY1 in Wilms tumor (WT).

Patients & Methods: We measured YY1 expression using tissue microarray from patients with pediatric renal tumors, mainly WT and evaluated correlations with the predicted clinical evolution. YY1 expression was measured using immunohistochemical and protein expression was determined by digital pathology.

Exercise Induces White Adipose Tissue Browning Across the Weight Spectrum in Humans.

While the effect of exercise on white adipose tissue browning and metabolic improvement in rodents is clear, there are few studies in humans with inconclusive results. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess whether an exercise intervention promotes subcutaneous adipose tissue browning in humans, and whether this response is associated with metabolic improvement in three groups of individuals defined by body mass index (BMI) (kg/m). Sedentary adult subjects with different BMI were enrolled in a 12-week bicycle-training program (3 times per week, intensity 70-80% HRmax).

Microdeletion 22q11.2 syndrome: Does thymus incidental surgical resection affect its immunological profile?

Background: The del22q11 syndrome patients present immunological abnormalities associated to thymus alterations. Up to 75% of them present cardiopathies and thymus is frequently removed during surgery. The thymectomy per se has a deleterious effect concerning lymphocyte subpopulations, and T cell function.

Dual role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis: its implication as a new therapeutic target.

Aim: Investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Methods & Results: A model of progressive pulmonary TB in BALB/c mice, immunohistochemistry and digital pathology were used. High HIF-1α expression was observed during early TB in activated macrophages.

Association between nuclear expression of retinoic acid receptor alpha and beta and clinicopathological features and prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Transcription factors such as retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) and beta (RARβ) and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) are associated with the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In particular, a lack of RARβ expression is associated with NSCLC development. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of RARα, RARβ and YY1 and their relationship with prognosis in patients with advanced NSCLC.

A novel role of Yin-Yang-1 in pulmonary tuberculosis through the regulation of the chemokine CCL4.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) is the etiological agent of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB); this disease remains a worldwide health problem. Yin-Yang-1 (YY1) plays a major role in the maintenance and progression of some pulmonary diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis.

Diminished expression of CRHR2 in human colon cancer promotes tumor growth and EMT via persistent IL-6/Stat3 signaling.

Background & Aims: Chronic inflammation promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We explored the distribution of Corticotropin-Releasing-Hormone (CRH)-family of receptors and ligands in CRC and their contribution in tumor growth and oncogenic EMT.

Methods: mRNA expression of CRH-family members was analyzed in CRC (N=56) and control (N=46) samples, 7 CRC cell lines and normal NCM460 cells.

Inhibition of tumor progression during allergic airway inflammation in a murine model: significant role of TGF-β.

Introduction: TGF-β is an important mediator of pulmonary allergic inflammation, and it has been recently reported to be a potential inhibitor of lung tumor progression. The correlation between cancer and allergic inflammatory diseases remains controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of pulmonary allergic inflammation and in particular the role of TGF-β on cancer progression.

Virulence and immune response induced by Mycobacterium avium complex strains in a model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis and subcutaneous infection in BALB/c mice.

The genus Mycobacterium comprises more than 150 species, including important pathogens for humans which cause major public health problems. The vast majority of efforts to understand the genus have been addressed in studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The biological differentiation between M.

Contribution of either YY1 or BclXL-induced inhibition by the NO-donor DETANONOate in the reversal of drug resistance, both in vitro and in vivo. YY1 and BclXL are overexpressed in prostate cancer.

Nitric oxide (NO) donors have been shown to activate or inhibit constitutively-activated survival/anti-apoptotic pathways, such as NF-κB, in cancer cells. We report here that treatment of drug-resistant human prostate carcinoma cell lines with high levels (500-1000 μM) of the NO-donor DETANONOate sensitized the resistant tumor cells to apoptosis by CDDP and the combination was synergistic. We hypothesized that DETANONOate inhibits previously identified NF-κB-regulated resistant factors such as Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and Bcl-2/BclXL.

HIF-1 expression is associated with CCL2 chemokine expression in airway inflammatory cells: implications in allergic airway inflammation.

Background: The pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation in asthmatic patients is complex and characterized by cellular infiltrates and activity of many cytokines and chemokines. Both the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and chemokine CCL2 have been shown to play pivotal roles in allergic airway inflammation. The interrelationship between these two factors is not known.

Role of CXCL13 in asthma: novel therapeutic target.

Background: B cells play an important role in allergic asthma. However, the mechanisms by which these cells are activated in the airways remain poorly understood.

Methods: We used a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic inflammation to study CXCL13 and to investigate the concentration of this chemokine in the BAL fluid derived from asthmatic and normal control subjects.