Enhanced membrane protein production in HEK293T cells via gene knockout: A CRISPR-Cas9 mediated approach.

HEK293T cells are extensively utilized for therapeutic protein production due to their human origin, which enables accurate post-translational modifications. This study aimed to enhance membrane protein production in HEK293T cells by knocking out the ATF4 gene using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The ATF4 gene was edited by infecting HEK293T cells with a lentivirus carrying optimized single-guide RNA (ATF4-KO-3) and Cas9 genes.

Identification of a novel inhibitor of liver cancer cell invasion and proliferation through regulation of Akt and Twist1.

When primary cancer faces limited oxygen and nutrient supply, it undergoes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which increases cancer cell motility and invasiveness. The migratory and invasive cancer cells often exert aggressive cancer development or even cancer metastasis. In this study, we investigated a novel compound, 3-acetyl-5,8-dichloro-2-((2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino)quinolin-4(1H)-one (ADQ), that showed significant suppression of wound healing and cellular invasion.

Regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation by dual-specificity phosphatase 3.

Since cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying cancer progression and the development of cancer inhibitors. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a major transcription factor that regulates the proliferation and survival of various cancer cells. Here, dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) was identified as a regulator of STAT3 based on an interaction screening performed using the protein tyrosine phosphatase library.

Anti-cancer effects of ethanol extract of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. radix in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Reynoutria japonica Houtt. has been used as a traditional medicine of cancer in East Asia for thousands of years. However, the mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of R.

Controlled formation of polylysinized inner pores in injectable microspheres of low molecular weight poly(lactide-co-glycolide) designed for efficient loading of therapeutic cells.

This study aimed to develop porous microspheres with a suitable porous structure and mechanical property for cell delivery using a comparatively low molecular weight (MW) poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) having a weak mechanical strength and fast degradation rate, which could be potentially used for treatment of corneal endothelial diseases. Porous microspheres of 30 kDa PLGA with different pore sizes were prepared by varying preparation conditions, and the microspheres with mean pore diameters approximately 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 times that of a single green fluorescent protein-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 cell, used as a model cell, were chosen for cell loading study.

Anti-inflammatory effects of a novel compound, MPQP, through the inhibition of IRAK1 signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Small-molecule inhibitors are widely used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we found a novel antiinflammatory compound, 1-[(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-(phenylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one (MPQP). It showed strong anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Anticancer effects of methanol extract of Myrmecodia platytyrea Becc. leaves against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of ERK and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Myrmecodia platytyrea Becc., a member of the Rubiaceae family, is found throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally used to treat cancer. However, there is limited pharmacological information on this plant.

Anti‑inflammatory effects on murine macrophages of ethanol extracts of Lygodium japonicum spores via inhibition of NF‑κB and p38.

The spores of Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. (L.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN21 acts as a negative regulator of ICAM-1 by dephosphorylating IKKβ in TNF-α-stimulated human keratinocytes.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, contributes to the entry of immune cells into the site of inflammation in the skin. Here, we show that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 21 (PTPN21) negatively regulates ICAM-1 expression in human keratinocytes. PTPN21 expression was transiently induced after stimulation with TNF-α.

Suppression of inflammation by the rhizome of via regulation of nuclear factor-κB and p38 signal transduction pathways in macrophages.

The rhizome of Bunge () has been used as a traditional East Asian medicine for the treatment of various types of inflammatory disease. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no systemic studies regarding the molecular mechanisms of action of the rhizome anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanism of action of ethanol extracts of the rhizome of (EAA) in murine macrophages.

Spilanthes acmella inhibits inflammatory responses via inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Spilanthes acmella Murr. (S. acmella) has been used traditionally in India and Sri Lanka to treat various inflammatory diseases.

Scaffold Role of DUSP22 in ASK1-MKK7-JNK Signaling Pathway.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in a variety of intracellular events such as gene expression, cell proliferation, and programmed cell death. MAPKs are activated by dual phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine residues through sequential activation of protein kinases. Recent studies have shown that the protein kinases involved in MAPK signal transductions might be organized into signaling complexes by scaffold proteins.

Thunbergia alata inhibits inflammatory responses through the inactivation of ERK and STAT3 in macrophages.

Thunbergia alata (Acanthaceae) has been used traditionally to treat various inflammatory diseases such as fever, cough and diarrhea in East African countries including Uganda and Kenya. However, systemic studies elucidating the anti-inflammatory effects and precise mechanisms of action of T. alata have not been conducted, to the best of our knowledge.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham. are mediated via inactivation of ERK but not NF-κB.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham. is an important medicinal plant in India, and its extracts and components were used to treat various inflammatory diseases, such as urinary tract infection, rheumatoid arthritis, and colitis.

Effects of Korean Red Ginseng and HAART on vif Gene in 10 Long-Term Slow Progressors over 20 Years: High Frequency of Deletions and G-to-A Hypermutation.

To investigate if Korean red ginseng (KRG) affects vif gene, we determined vif gene over 20 years in 10 long-term slowly progressing patients (LTSP) who were treated with KRG alone and then KRG plus HAART. We also compared these data with those of 21 control patients who did not receive KRG. Control patient group harbored only one premature stop codon (PSC) (0.