The Level of Anti-Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Human Serum Does Not Correlate with Efficiency of PEGylated Nanoparticle Uptake by Monocytes.

The presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies can limit the clinical efficacy of PEGylated drugs and cause anaphylactic reactions in patients. Monocytes/macrophages are effector cells involved in IgG-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis. We studied the influence of human blood serum on the efficiency of uptake of PEGylated nanoparticles by human blood monocytes.

Radiolabeled Complex of Antimicrobial Peptides UBI29-41 and UBI18-35 Labeled with Tc for Differential Diagnosis of Bone Infection of the Limbs.

We studied an original radiolabeled complex of antimicrobial peptides UBI29-41 and UBI18-35, ubiquicidin derivatives, for distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic inflammation. For radiolabeling of the peptides with technetium-99m, a bifunctional chelating agent succinimide-1-yl 6-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)hexanoate was used. The obtained complexes Тс-DPAH-UBI29-41 and Тс-DPAH-UBI18-35 had radiolabeling yield >80% and radiochemical purity >96%.

Liver Hemostasis by Using Cold Plasma.

Surgical resection is associated with blood loss and bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cold plasma treatment during liver resection. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 2 groups.

[Morphofunctional Changes of Spleen After Hemostasis by Nonequilibrium Plasma].

Background: Heavy bleeding is developed in case of spleen injury. It often leads to death. At present the search and development of new methods for hemostasis of spleen bleeding continues.

[Problem of end-effector of ischemic postconditioning of the heart].

Analysis of literature source indicates that main pretenders to the role of end-effectors of ischemic postconditioning of the heart are: 1) Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channel of BK-type (big conductance K+ channel), 2) mitoK(ATP) channel (mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+)-channel), 3) MPT pore (mitochondrial permeability transition pore). At the same time, some investigators consider that mitoK(ATP) channel is only an intermediate link in the series of signaling events ensured an increase in cardiac tolerance to impact of ischemia-reperfusion. The most likely end-effector of the three structures is MPT pore.

[Protein kinases role in adaptive phenomenon of heart ischemic postconditioning development].

Authors submitted an analysis of papers given up an involvement of protein kinases in heart ischemic postconditioning. This analysis of literature source allowed to authors affirms that signaling system of postconditioning can involve kinases: PKC, PI3K, Akt, MEKl/2, ERK1/2, MTOR, p70s6K, GSK3b, PKG and also eNOS, NO, GC, motoKATP channel, ROS, MPT pore. At the same time it is unclear a real contributions of kinases mTOR, p70s6, AMPK and GSK3b in the mechanism of infarct limiting impact of postconditioning.

[Luminescence characteristics of strawberry leaves in early stages of their injury by arachnoidal mite].

In this work, we have investigated how the luminescence characteristics and a total content of antioxidants in leaves of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) change after infestation of plants by spider mite (Tetranychus atlanticus McGregor). At the earlier stage of plant injury, the chlorophyll concentration remained unchanged.

Molecular mechanisms of the effect of interleukin-2 on apoptosis of blood lymphocytes.

The effects of recombinant IL-2 on apoptosis of lymphocytes of healthy donors were studied in in vitro experiments. It was shown that the inductive and inhibitory effects of IL-2 on apoptotic process depend on the dose of the cytokine and cell microenvironmental conditions. Culturing of lymphocytes with recombinant IL-2 increases the percent of cells with reduced transmembrane potential, reduces the content of intracellular proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L) and и Bax, and increases the level of Bad.

Biological and polymeric self-assembled hybrid systems: structure and properties of thylakoid/polyelectrolyte complexes.

A novel hybrid system composed of biological components and synthetic polymer, thylakoid/polycation complex, has been formed and studied. Effects of complex formation on the structure, electrostatics and functioning of thylakoid membranes have been examined. Thylakoids from bean leaves were used to form complexes with polycation polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAAH) in two systems: (i) thylakoid/polycation complexes formed in an aqueous bulk phase, and (ii) immobilized thylakoid/polycation planar complexes.

[Effects of ultra-dispersed piezoceramics Pb powders on staff's health status].

The ultradispersed piezoceramic powder containing lead oxides, zirconium, titanium, bismuth, cadmium, manganese, strontium, and chromium was tested for its effect on the health status of the staff serving pilot industrial units producing the powder. There was a significant increase in the incidence of digestive disease, a tendency for respiratory and osteomuscular diseases to increase. It is concluded that it is necessary to use individual means of the protection and prophylaxis of the observed diseases.

[Study of phospholipid synthesis in liver of mice with alloxan diabetes].

The essential decrease of the rate of turnover of phosphatidic acids (PA), polyglycerophosphates (PGP) and their lysoderivatives (LPGP), sphinigomyelin (SM) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidyletnanolamine (PEA) was found in male mice of BALB/c strain with subacute alloxan diabetes (glucose concentration in the blood was not less than 14 mmol/l) during examination of phospholipid metabolism in the liver by the rate of 3H-acetate and 14C-palmitate incorporation into corresponding chromatographic phospholipid fractions. On the contrary, turnover of phosphatidilcholine (PC) significantly increased. The of main structural phospholipid components of hepatocyte cellular membranes--PEA and PC--were found to be decreased by 41 and 32%, respectively.

[The effect of freezing the kidney in the terminal stage of hydronephrosis on its parenchymal function, arterial pressure regulation and erythropoiesis].

The authors studied morphological changes in renal tissue in terminal hydronephrosis and in exposure of freezing, regulation of arterial pressure and erythropoiesis in cryogenic effects on hydronephrotic kidney in experiment. Reparative changes in the parenchyma appear on day 30 after freezing, systemic arterial pressure and bone marrow erythropoietic activity returned to normal. Freezing is thought more physiological compared to nephrectomy in respect to prevention of nephrogenic hypertension and anemia.

[Cryogenic effect on renal tissue and condition of intrarenal hemodynamics].

The paper presents experimental evidence on morphologic changes in intact kidney, tissue temperature, renal blood supply and glomerular filtration in response to freezing. Cryogenic effects manifested as necrotic and dystrophic processes. Damage to the tubular and glomerular cells can be corrected.

[Abdominal compression as a method of resuscitation and assisted circulation].

Experiments on animals have been carried out to investigate the hemodynamic changes during manual abdominal compression (AC) under conditions of heart fibrillation and acute heart failure. The possibility to increase the efficacy of left ventricular bypass (LVB) has been studied. Manual AC enhanced the pressure and blood flow in low-pressure compartments and increased aortic systolic and diastolic pressure.

[Synthesis of pyrophosphate by rat liver cytoplasmic and mitochondrial pyrophosphatases].

The kinetics of pyrophosphate synthesis catalyzed by rat liver cytosolic and mitochondrial pyrophosphatase in the presence of Mg2+ as cofactor has been studied. According to the kinetic model, this reaction proceeds through two parallel pathways: pathway I utilizing two magnesium phosphate molecules and pathway II utilizing both magnesium phosphate and free phosphate. Pyrophosphate formation is greatly facilitated in the active sites of the enzymes ([E.

[Metabolism of neutral lipids in hemopoietic organs and in the liver of mice with alloxan diabetes].

The metabolism of neutral lipids (free and ester-bound cholesterols, mono-, di- and triacylglycerides) was greatly impaired in liver, spleen, thymus tissues and ileocecal lymph nodes of BALB/c mice with subacute alloxan diabetes (content of sugar in blood was no less than 14 mmol/l) as shown by 3H-acetate and 14C-palmitate incorporation into the corresponding lipid fractions. The rate of neutral lipid turnover was specifically decreased in all the tissues studied. However, a considerable accumulation of these lipid fractions was found in thymus tissue.

[Status of nucleic acid and total protein synthesis in hematopoietic organs in mice with alloxan diabetes].

Rates of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine and 14C-glycine incorporation in nucleic acids and total proteins were studied in cells of bone marrow, spleen, thymus and ileocecal lymph nodes tissues of BALB/c mice with subacute alloxan diabetes (content of blood sugar was higher than 14 mmol/l). Synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein was not considerably inhibited in the thymus tissue of the impaired animals which may correlate with pronounced dysfunction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes typical for the disease.

[Noninvasive assisted blood circulation].

The experience of the use of noninvasive assisted circulation in patients with cardiac pathology is summarized. It has been demonstrated that rhythmic pneumo-compression of the lower extremities, abdominal compression, muscular electrical stimulation of the lower extremities and the abdomen have a pronounced effect on circulation compartments with low pressure. All the above pre-determines the role of these techniques in the management of cardiac failure and in intensive care.

[Clinical aspects of screening and diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates in Moscow].

Screening of the newborns helped diagnose congenital hypothyrosis in infants of Moscow and define its incidence as 1 per 5000 newborns. Seventeen newborns (20%) with congenital hypothyrosis were detected among 65 ones with positive tests of more than 5 microU/ml. Clinical manifestations of this disease may be detected by specialists within the first weeks of life.

[Status of nucleoprotein synthesis in hematopoietic organs in mice with primary hypothyroidism].

A rate of incorporation of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine and 14C-glycine into the nucleoproteins of bone marrow, spleen, thymus and ileocecal lymph nodes was studied in BALB/c mice with hypothyrosis developed after administration of 1% KClO4 within a month. Distinct hypoplasia of bone marrow and spleen was found in the experimental animals; the synthesis of nucleoproteins was most impaired in bone marrow. The dependence of hemopoietic tissues on thyroid hormones was decreased as follows: bone marrow > spleen > thymus > lymph node.

[Catalytic properties of inorganic pyrophosphatase in rat liver mitochondria].

Intact rat liver mitochondria possess a very low hydrolytic activity, if any, towards exogenous pyrophosphate. This activity can be unmasked by making mitochondria permeable to PPi by toluene treatment or by disrupting them with detergents or ultrasound, thus indicating that the active site of pyrophosphatase is localized in the matrix. The initial rates of PPi hydrolysis of toluene-permeabilized mitochondria and purified pyrophosphatase were found to depend, in a similar manner, on PPi and Mg2+ concentrations.

[Biventricular auxiliary system for restoration of cardiac activity].

Thirty experiments were conducted on calves for hemodynamic study of mechanical aid to the heart (biventricular bypass by two artificial ++"Module"+ ventricles of the heart) in acute cardiac failure. The cavities of the heart were cannulated with a special perforating device which, when necessary, is an obturator of the main line. Analysis of the hemodynamic values showed a sufficiently high efficacy of biventricular shunting in acute cardiac failure.