A Systematic Review of Assessments and Interventions for Chronic Pain in Young Children With or at High Risk for Cerebral Palsy.

Background: Pain is common in children with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence regarding assessments and interventions for chronic pain in children aged ≤2 years with or at high risk for cerebral palsy.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed.

Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract gradient resulting from Takotsubo cardiomyopathy ameliorated by intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation: a case report.

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a variant of acute coronary syndrome with characteristic acute left ventricular apical ballooning. Uncommonly, there can be associated left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction causing cardiogenic shock refractory to inotropic support. The use of afterload-reducing mechanical support such as intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation is not routinely employed in instances of this kind.

Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment in Patients Treated With Rotational Atherectomy Versus Modified Balloons: PREPARE-CALC OCT.

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Petrous Apex Cephaloceles: Radiology Features and Surgical Management of a Rare Entity.

Objective: To characterize the radiologic findings of petrous apex cephalocele (PAC) in a patient cohort, and report the surgical management for three symptomatic PAC patients and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak via the middle cranial fossa approach.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Academic center.

Design and Rationale of a Randomized Trial of COBRA PzF Stenting to REDUCE Duration of Triple Therapy (COBRA-REDUCE).

Background/purpose: A coronary stent with thromboresistant and pro-healing properties such as the polymer polyzene F-coated (COBRA PzF) stent might safely allow for a very short duration of triple therapy in patients taking oral anticoagulation (OAC) who undergo coronary stenting.

Methods: The COBRA-REDUCE trial is a prospective, multinational, randomized, open-label, assessor-blinded trial. A total of 996 patients at high bleeding risk because of requirement for OAC (with a vitamin K antagonist or non-vitamin K antagonist for any indication) will be randomized at sites in the United States and Europe to treatment with the COBRA-PzF stent followed by very short duration (14 days) DAPT or a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved new generation drug-eluting stent followed by guideline-recommended DAPT duration (3 or 6 months).

Assessments and Interventions for Spasticity in Infants With or at High Risk for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.

Background: The majority of children with cerebral palsy develop spasticity, which interferes with motor development, function, and participation. This systematic review appraised current evidence regarding assessments and interventions for spasticity in children aged less than two years with or at high risk for cerebral palsy and integrated findings with parent preferences.

Methods: Five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, OVID/Medline, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO) were searched.

Assessments and Interventions for Sleep Disorders in Infants With or at High Risk for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are five times more likely than typically developing children to have sleep problems, resulting in adverse outcomes for both children and their families. The purpose of this systematic review was to gather current evidence regarding assessments and interventions for sleep in children under age 2 years with or at high risk for CP and integrate these findings with parent preferences.

Methods: Five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, OVID/Medline, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO) were searched.

Molecular characterisation of the first New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from Tanzania.

Background: We aimed to characterise the genetic determinants and context of two meropenem-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from children hospitalised with bloodstream infections in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion E-test and broth microdilution. Genomes were completed using a hybrid assembly of Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing reads and characterisation of the genetic context of resistance genes, multi-locus sequence types (STs) and phylogenetic analysis was determined bioinformatically.

Beyond-use Date of Trimix: A Reproducible Stability Study Using Bracketing Design.

Trimix is a widely prescribed penile injection for patients with erectile dysfunction and is only available as a compounded medication. The instability of alprostadil, one of the major ingredients of Trimix, has been a limiting factor in its utilization. There are published stability data for Trimix formulations that have been used to establish a beyond-use-date.

Psychological intervention, antipsychotic medication or a combined treatment for adolescents with a first episode of psychosis: the MAPS feasibility three-arm RCT.

Background: When psychosis emerges in young people there is a risk of poorer outcomes, and access to evidence-based treatments is paramount. The current evidence base is limited. Antipsychotic medications show only a small benefit over placebo, but young people experience more side effects than adults.

Outcomes and Patterns of Care in Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, with an increased incidence among the elderly. However, the optimal treatment strategy in elderly patients remains unclear. This study seeks to investigate the effect of patient selection and treatment strategies on survival trends in these patients.

The Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire: development and validation of age appropriate versions for infants and toddlers.

Background: In order to measure and understand trajectories of parental feeding practices and their relationship with child eating and weight, it is desirable to perform assessment from infancy and across time, in age-appropriate ways. While many feeding practices questionnaires exist, none is presently available that enables tracking of feeding practices from infancy through childhood. The aim of the study was to develop a version of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) for parents with infants and toddlers (< 2 years) to be used in conjunction with the original FPSQ for older children (≥2 years) to measure feeding practices related to non-responsiveness and structure across childhood.

Impact of Calcified Lesion Complexity on the Success of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Upfront High-Speed Rotational Atherectomy or Modified Balloons - A Subgroup-Analysis From the Randomized PREPARE-CALC Trial.

Background/purpose: In the randomized PREPARE-CALC trial, lesion preparation of calcified lesions with upfront rotational atherectomy (RA) prior to drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation resulted in higher acute success as compared to a provisional modified balloon (MB) strategy. We aimed to investigate the impact of calcified lesion complexity on the treatment effect with either MB or RA.

Methods/materials: Two hundred patients were randomized to lesion preparation with either MB or RA.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Instruments Measuring Children's Movement Behaviors and Parenting Practices in Brazilian Families.

Childhood obesity is a global problem, disproportionately affecting children in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC). Despite this evidence, no previous study has adapted instruments measuring children's movement behaviors and associated parenting practices for use in LMIC families. This study reports the results of a cross-cultural adaptation of previously validated measures of children's movement behaviors and parenting practices in economically disadvantaged Brazilian families.

Chasing language through the brain: Successive parallel networks.

Objective: To describe the spatio-temporal dynamics and interactions during linguistic and memory tasks.

Methods: Event-related electrocorticographic (ECoG) spectral patterns obtained during cognitive tasks from 26 epilepsy patients (aged: 9-60 y) were analyzed in order to examine the spatio-temporal patterns of activation of cortical language areas. ECoGs (1024 Hz/channel) were recorded from 1567 subdural electrodes and 510 depth electrodes chronically implanted over or within the frontal, parietal, occipital and/or temporal lobes as part of their surgical work-up for intractable seizures.

Structural and Functional Imaging in Glioma Management.

The goal of glioma surgery is maximal safe resection in order to provide optimal tumor control and survival benefit to the patient. There are multiple imaging modalities beyond traditional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that have been incorporated into the preoperative workup of patients presenting with gliomas. The aim of these imaging modalities is to identify cortical and subcortical areas of eloquence, and their relationship to the lesion.

Short dual antiplatelet therapy followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy vs. prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Aims: After percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES), whether short dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) with a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor confers benefits compared with prolonged DAPT is unclear.

Methods And Results: Multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Ovid, and ScienceDirect, were searched to identify randomized clinical trials comparing ≤3 months of DAPT followed by P2Y12 inhibitor SAPT vs. 12 months of DAPT after PCI with second-generation DES implantation.

Super high-pressure balloon versus scoring balloon to prepare severely calcified coronary lesions: the ISAR-CALC randomised trial.

Background: The comparative efficacy of balloon-based techniques to prepare severely calcified coronary lesions before stenting remains poorly studied.

Aims: We sought to compare stent expansion following preparation of severely calcified coronary lesions with either a super high-pressure balloon or a scoring balloon.

Methods: In this randomised, open-label trial, patients with severely calcified coronary lesions were enrolled at five centres in Germany and Switzerland.

Impact of Lesion Preparation Technique on Side Branch Compromise in Calcified Coronary Bifurcations: A Subgroup Analysis of the PREPARE-CALC Trial.

Objectives: To analyze the impact of different techniques of lesion preparation of severely calcified coronary bifurcation lesions.

Background: The impact of different techniques of lesion preparation of severely calcified coronary bifurcation lesions is poorly investigated.

Methods: We performed an as-treated analysis on 47 calcified bifurcation lesions treated with scoring/cutting balloons (SCB) and 68 lesions treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) in the PREPARE-CALC trial.