Evaluation of the prevalence of dental agenesis through the use of orthopantomography in a sample of subjects residing in Lombardy and Piedmont regions.

Aim: Dental agenesis is one of the most frequent dental anomalies, with a prevalence varying from 1.6% to 36.5%, depending on the populations studied.

Chronic calculus cholecystitis: Is histopathology essential post-cholecystectomy?

Background: Carcinoma of the gall bladder (GB) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. One percent of cholecystectomy specimens show incidental gall bladder cancers (GBCs).

Aim: Our aim of the study to was evaluate the utility of routine histopathology of cholecystectomy specimens removed with a diagnosis of gall bladder diseases (GBD).

Quality and Reliability of Publicly Accessible Information on Laser Treatments for Urinary Incontinence: What Is Available to Our Patients?

Study Objective: To determine the quality and reliability of the top 20 internet search results for laser treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Design: Review of 20 websites.

Setting: N/A.

Malignant Phyllodes tumor in a young female: A Case Report.

Phyllodes tumor is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm of the breast and constitutes 0.3-0.5% of all breast tumors.

Histological Evaluation and Management of Rare Case of Supernumerary "Ghost" Teeth.

Supernumerary teeth are teeth that exceed the normal dental formula. Their prevalence in the permanent dentition is 1-14% and they occur more frequently in maxilla with a sex ratio of 2 : 1 in favor of males. They are often associated with syndromes but there are examples of nonsyndromic multiple supernumerary teeth reported in the literature.

Second order root control of self-ligating brackets and traditional brackets: a "typodont" study.

Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate if self-ligating brackets (SLB) and conventional brackets (CB) have the same degree of second order root control in closing extraction spaces.

Methods: Two resin models, left and right sides of an upper arch, with two wells in the premolar area, were used. Wells have been filled with wax and resin premolars with anatomic root structure were placed in them.

Squamous cell carcinoma in Barrett's esophagus.

Barrett's esophagus (BE), consequence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a premalignant condition, capable of turning into adenocarcinoma (ACa). However, the presence ofsquamous cell carcinoma (SCa) coexisting with Barrett's metaplasia is reported in some papers. The aim of this paper is to present 17 patients involving synchronous BE and SCa.

Possible causal relationships between competitive swimming in growing age and three-dimensional dentoalveolar development.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate possible links between competitive swimming during the growth phase and the development of the dentoalveolar arches.

Methods: The study sample included 100 swimmers and a control group of 100 age-matched non-swimmers who had never practised swimming or related sports. Subjects who had had previous orthodontic treatment were excluded.

Diagnosis of dental and mandibular asymmetries in children according to Levandoski Panoramic Analysis.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the Levandoski Panoramic Analysis in the diagnosis of dental and mandibular asymmetries and its contribution to clinical patient's evaluation and treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one randomly selected panoramic radiographs of children from 7 to 14 year old were analysed using 10 linear measurements. Right and left values were compared with Student's paired T tests.

Age estimation in children by measurement of open apices in tooth roots: Study of a Mexican sample.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to test the accuracy of Cameriere's European formula for age assessment in a large sample of Mexican children. The accuracy of dental age estimation was defined as how closely real age, measured as the difference between chronological age (CA) and dental age (DA), could be predicted. Digitalized orthopantomographs of 502 Mexican children (254 girls and 248 boys), aged between 5 and 15 years, were analyzed.

A "typodont" study of rate of orthodontic space closure: self-ligating systems vs. conventional systems.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of space closure of two bracket systems, self-ligating and conventional ones, considering two systems with the same design and prescription. The experimental model of this study aims to identify in general if one type of system is more suitable for planning the extractive therapy, without considering the clinical aspect necessary for an adequate orthodontic approach.

Methods: A resin maxilla without the first premolars was used to test the self-ligating and conventional brackets system.

Premature loss of maxillary primary incisor and delayed eruption of its successor: report of a case.

Background: Traumatic injuries to primary teeth represent one of the most common aetiologic factors of time-related eruption disturbances of permanent teeth. These include premature eruption, delayed eruption or impactions.

Case Report: A case of a 7.

Detection of the risk of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus by means of tumor markers (p53 and Ki67).

The rising incidence of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus has intensified the research into methods of early recognition of cancer risk, detecting cytological and architectural changes (dysplasia) or using biomarkers as predictive tests. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the involvement of two tumor markers: p53 (tumor suppressor gene) and Ki67 (proliferation marker), by means of immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies designed for the specific localization of p53 and Ki67 antigens, in esophageal biopsies with columnar metaplasia of patients with and without dysplasia and adenocarcinoma, and to anticipate which ones are liable to suffer it in the future. Both markers were positive in all intestinal metaplasia patients with high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma, and even in some cases with low grade or without dysplasia.

Sports-related dental injuries: knowledge of first aid and mouthguard use in a sample of Italian children and youngsters.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the awareness of sports as risk factor of dental injuries, the emergency management when a tooth avulsion occurs and the compliance about mouthguards.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred children and youngsters 8- to 15-year-old (147 boys and 53 girls) attending Sports Societies in Isernia, a town in Southern Italy, participated to the investigation. The sports involved were soccer, martial arts, tennis, swimming, volleyball, basketball and cycling.

How to translate therapeutic recommendations in clinical practice guidelines into rules for critiquing physician prescriptions? Methods and application to five guidelines.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines give recommendations about what to do in various medical situations, including therapeutical recommendations for drug prescription. An effective way to computerize these recommendations is to design critiquing decision support systems, i.e.

Comparative evaluation of the group of teeth with the best prediction value in the mixed dentition analysis.

Aim: Mixed dentition analysis allows the prediction of the tooth width of non erupted permanent canines and premolars (SPCP). It is an essential factor in treatment planning since it could predict a tooth-size to arch-length discrepancy. The aim of this study was to determine which group of permanent teeth presented the best prediction capability for the width sums of the unerupted canine and premolars in an Italian sample.

Adapting Häävikko's dental age for the assessment of Italian children: use of LMS and other models based on smoothing splines.

The expression 'dental age' (DA) denotes the mean age at which a given stage of dental development is achieved in a population chosen as calibrator. The rhythm at which the maturation occurs is a characteristic of a given population in a given period. When DA is determined on subjects of a population different from the calibrator, the shape of the relationship of DA to chronological age (CA) must be empirically determined to trace reference charts for DA that properly apply to this population.

Prospective assessment of the efficacy of the EAU guidelines for the prevention of nosocomial acquired infections after genitourinary surgery in a district hospital.

Objectives: To evaluate incidence and risk factors for nosocomial acquired infections in an urology ward after the application of the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for surgical prophylaxis after genitourinary surgery in a district hospital.

Methods: A three-month survey was performed according with the definitions and methods of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. The study was conducted at the Urology Unit of a district hospital of about 800 care beds.

[Pathogenesis and treatment of vascular calcification in CKD].

Increased vascular calcification is a major cause of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is the result of an active ossification process counteracted by ''bone'' proteins such as osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin, and osteocalcin. Chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism that occurs in CKD.

Traditional plaster casts and dental digital models: intra-examiner reliability of measurements.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to compare the intra-examiner reliability of measurements made on plaster cast and dental digital models.

Material And Methods: Five young patients with different occlusal patterns were selected and their dental casts and corresponding digital models were obtained. Twenty expert orthodontists were asked to measure two times both the traditional and digital models.

Häävikko's method to assess dental age in Italian children.

The aim of this study was to determine if Häävikko's maturation standards are applicable to Italian children. The sample included 500 healthy Caucasian children 3.9-15.

Impaired brachial artery endothelial flow-mediated dilation and orthostatic stress in hemodialysis patients.

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an impaired endothelial function, which may contribute to cardiovascular events. Whether impairment in endothelial function is involved in the circulatory response to orthostatic stress is unknown. We assessed endothelial function via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD), an index of endothelial-dependent vasodilation.

Perception of the maxillary incisor position with respect to the protrusion of nose and chin.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the protrusion of nose and chin influence the perception of the ideal tooth anterior limit line. The orthodontic, or combined orthodontic-surgical diagnosis, and the following treatment plan are in close correlation with a patient's requirements for aesthetic facial balance. This requires consideration of the position of the maxillary incisors which is often modified by treatment; it is obvious how important it is to clarify which are the facial features which determine the aesthetically ideal anteroposterior position of the incisors.

Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients: the role of the new vitamin D analogs.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism - a common comorbid condition in patients with chronic renal insufficiency - is considered a consequence of critical determinants such as hypocalcemia, phosphate retention and reduced levels of calcitriol production. In this complex mechanism, the skeletal apparatus and the nonskeletal targets such as vascular and heart valves are often involved, thus explaining the increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of uremic patients. In this review we will focus on the major role played by Calcitriol deficiency as a trigger of secondary hyperparathyroidism and the crucial need for obiquitous vitamin D receptor activation in order to have an optimal PTH control and to obtain a modulation between inhibitors and inducers of soft tissue calcification.