Risk perception and reappraisal during the COVID-19 pandemic in southeast Alaska: Self-identified determinants of risk and protective health behaviors.

Social and cultural context shapes how communities perceive health, well-being, and risk. Risk reappraisal can occur over time as a product of new information and improved understanding. We investigate risk perception and protective behaviors in Lingít Aaní (Southeast Alaska) during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hypoxia increases triacylglycerol levels and unsaturation in tomato roots.

Background: Plants are designed to endure stress, but increasingly extreme weather events are testing the limits. Events like flooding result in submergence of plant organs, triggering an energy crisis due to hypoxia and threaten plant growth and productivity. Lipids are relevant as building blocks and energy vault and are substantially intertwined with primary metabolism, making them an ideal readout for plant stress.

Functional and Proteomic Dissection of the Contributions of CodY, SigB and the Hibernation Promoting Factor HPF to Interactions of USA300 with Human Lung Epithelial Cells.

is a leading cause of severe pneumonia. Our recent proteomic investigations into invasion of human lung epithelial cells revealed three key adaptive responses: activation of the SigB and CodY regulons and upregulation of the hibernation-promoting factor SaHPF. Therefore, our present study aimed at a functional and proteomic dissection of the contributions of CodY, SigB and SaHPF to host invasion using transposon mutants of the methicillin-resistant USA300.

Safety and procedural success of daycase-based endovascular procedures in lower extremity arteries of patients with peripheral artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Timely and economic provision of revascularisation procedures is a major healthcare need. We aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of daycase-based lower extremity endovascular revascularisation procedures in patients with peripheral artery disease.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE and Embase for studies from Jan 01, 2000 through Apr 01, 2024 reporting complications of lower limb endovascular revascularisation procedures with same-day discharge.

Infections in Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support.

Patients on mechanical circulatory support are at heightened risk for infection given the invasive nature of the devices with internal and external components, the surgical implantation of the devices, and the presence of foreign material susceptible to biofilm formation. This review discusses the new International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation mechanical circulatory support device infection definitions, inclusive of durable and acute mechanical circulatory support infections, and describes their epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal management.

Discovery, synthesis and SAR of 2-acyl-1-biarylmethyl pyrazolidines, dual orexin receptor antagonists designed as fast and short-acting sleeping drugs.

Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) are approved for the treatment of sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance insomnia. In the present disclosure, we report the discovery of a new class of DORAs designed to treat sleep disorders requiring a fast onset and a short duration of action (<4 h). We used early human pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) predictions and in vivo experiments to identify DORAs eliciting this specific hypnotic profile.

Impact of Peripheral Angioplasty on Wound Oxygenation and Healing in Patients with Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Managing chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is challenging due to difficulties in assessing tissue oxygen saturation in ulcers. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive method for measuring tissue oxygen saturation (StO). This study evaluated the effects of endovascular treatment (EVT) on StO and wound healing in CLTI patients, comparing NIRS to standard ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurements.

Exploring the targetome of IsrR, an iron-regulated sRNA controlling the synthesis of iron-containing proteins in .

is a common colonizer of the skin and nares of healthy individuals, but also a major cause of severe human infections. During interaction with the host, pathogenic bacteria must adapt to a variety of adverse conditions including nutrient deprivation. In particular, they encounter severe iron limitation in the mammalian host through iron sequestration by haptoglobin and iron-binding proteins, a phenomenon called "nutritional immunity.

Importance of pseudoaneurysms after TAVI - a retrospective analysis of 2063 patients.

Bifemoral arterial access is common in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), with a primary treatment access (TAVI access) and a secondary non-TAVI access. Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is an important complication of femoral arterial puncture. Major vascular complications after TAVI are well described, but little is known about PSA.

Temporary decrease in microvascular tissue saturation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Data on the effect of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on peripheral microcirculation are limited.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate peripheral microvascular tissue saturation (StO2) before and after TAVI in relation to central and peripheral hemodynamics, cardiac and renal function.

Methods: In this single-center prospective study, patients with severe aortic stenosis (sAS) scheduled for TAVI or cardiac catheterization (control) were assessed before and up to five days after the procedure.

Behavioral skills training for teaching safety skills to mental health service providers compared to training-as-usual: a pragmatic randomized control trial.

Background: Violence in the healthcare workplace has been a global concern for over two decades, with a high prevalence of violence towards healthcare workers reported. Workplace violence has become a healthcare quality indicator and embedded in quality improvement initiatives of many healthcare organizations. The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Canada's largest mental health hospital, provides all clinical staff with mandated staff safety training for self-protection and team-control skills.

Significance of melanin distribution in the epidermis for the protective effect against UV light.

Melanin, the most abundant skin chromophore, is produced by melanocytes and is one of the key components responsible for mediating the skin's response to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Because of its antioxidant, radical scavenging, and broadband UV absorbing properties, melanin reduces the penetration of UVR into the nuclei of keratinocytes. Despite its long-established photoprotective role, there is evidence that melanin may also induce oxidative DNA damage in keratinocytes after UV exposure and therefore be involved in the development of melanoma.

Irradiation of human oral mucosa by 233 nm far UV-C LEDs for the safe inactivation of nosocomial pathogens.

The inactivation of multi resistant pathogens is an important clinical need. One approach is UV-C irradiation, which was previously not possible in vivo due to cytotoxicity. Recently, far UV-C irradiation at λ < 240 nm was successfully used on skin with negligible damage.

Quantitative assessment of angioplasty-induced vascular inflammation with F cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Macrophages play a pivotal role in vascular inflammation and predict cardiovascular complications. Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (F MRI) with intravenously applied perfluorocarbon allows a background-free direct quantification of macrophage abundance in experimental vascular disease models in mice. Recently, perfluorooctyl bromide-nanoemulsion (PFOB-NE) was applied to effectively image macrophage infiltration in a pig model of myocardial infarction using clinical MRI scanners.

Skin optical properties from 200 to 300 nm support far UV-C skin-safety in vivo.

The growing threat of multi-drug resistant pathogens and airborne microbial diseases has highlighted the need to improve or develop novel disinfection methods for clinical environments. Conventional ultraviolet C (UV-C) lamps effectively inactivate microorganisms but are harmful to human skin and eyes upon exposure. The use of new 233 nm far UV-C LEDs as an antiseptic can overcome those limitations.

Understanding the Vicious Circle of Pain, Physical Activity, and Mental Health in Lipedema Patients-A Response Surface Analysis.

Lipedema is a widespread disease with painful accumulations of subcutaneous fat in the legs and arms. Often, obesity co-occurs. Many patients suffer from impairment in mobility and mental health.

Far-UVC- and UVB-induced DNA damage depending on skin type.

Far-UVC radiation sources of wavelengths 222 nm and 233 nm represent an interesting potential alternative for the antiseptic treatment of the skin due to their high skin compatibility. Nevertheless, no studies on far-UVC-induced DNA damage in different skin types have been published to date, which this study aims for. After irradiating the skin with far-UVC of the wavelengths 222 and 233 nm as well as broadband UVB, the tissue was screened for cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer-positive (CPD ) cells using immunohistochemistry.

Gas plasma-induced platelet activation corresponds to reactive species profiles and lipid oxidation.

Surgical-induced hemostasis is a critical step in the closure of incisions, which is frequently achieved via electrocauterization and subsequent tissue necrotization. The latter is associated with postoperative complications. Recent in vivo work suggested reactive species-producing gas plasma technology as a pro-homeostatic agent acting via platelet activation.

Evaluation of DNA lesions and radicals generated by a 233 nm far-UVC LED in superficial ex vivo skin wounds.

The application of a far-ultraviolet C (UVC) light emitting diode (LED) of 233 nm showed significant bactericidal efficacy at an applied dose between 20 and 80 mJ cm as reported recently. In addition, only minor epidermal DNA lesions were observed in ex vivo human skin and in vitro epidermal models <10% of the minimal erythema dose of UVB radiation. To broaden the potential range of applications of such systems, e.