Correlation of factor XIII subunit A with factor XIII activity in a population of parturient women.

Background: The role of factor XIII in acute bleeding situations is gaining more and more importance. It has previously been shown that prepartum factor XIII activity has a significant impact on postpartum blood loss. Whether factor XIII antigen behaves in a similar manner is unknown.

Intramyometrial and intravenous oxytocin compared to intravenous carbetocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in elective cesarean section-A quasi-randomized controlled phase IV non-inferiority interventional trial.

Introduction: Our objective was to assess non-inferiority of the unique approach used in our institution of combined 10 IU IM (intramyometrial) and 10 IU IV (intravenous) oxytocin to carbetocin IV in preventing severe postpartum blood loss in elective cesarean sections. The design was a prospective controlled phase IV non-inferiority interventional trial. The setting was a tertiary center at University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

[ADVANCES ON ESOPHAGEAL MEASUREMENTS: HIGH RESOLUTION MANOMETRY, TIMED BARIUM SWALLOW, ENDOFLIP AND PH MONITORING].

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms are very common in the general adult population. Dysphagia, heartburn, regurgitation and non-cardiac chest pain are the most common signs. The clinical approach in managing these symptoms starts with upper GI endoscopy in order to exclude inflammatory, neoplastic and fibrotic disorders that involve the esophagus.

Long term persistence and risk factors for anorectal symptoms following low anterior resection for rectal cancer.

Background: Rectal cancer is commonly treated by chemoradiation therapy, followed by the low anterior resection anal sphincter-preserving surgery, with a temporary protecting ileostomy. After reversal of the stoma a condition known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) can occur characterized by a combination of symptoms such as urgent bowel movements, lack of control over bowel movements, and difficulty fully emptying the bowels. These symptoms have a significant negative impact on the quality of life for individuals who have survived the cancer.

Key Contributions by the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Towards New and Better Drugs for Tropical Diseases.

Thanks to its expertise in clinical research, epidemiology, infectious diseases, microbiology, parasitology, public health, translational research and tropical medicine, coupled with deeply rooted partnerships with institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) has been a key contributor in many drug research and development consortia involving academia, pharma and product development partnerships. Our know-how of the maintenance of parasites and their life-cycles in the laboratory, plus our strong ties to research centres and disease control programme managers in LMICs with access to field sites and laboratories, have enabled systems for drug efficacy testing in vitro and in vivo, clinical research, and modelling to support the experimental approaches. Thus, Swiss TPH has made fundamental contributions towards the development of new drugs - and the better use of old drugs - for neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, such as Buruli ulcer, Chagas disease, food-borne trematodiasis (e.

Success Rate and Long-Term Effects of Embolization of Pelvic Arteries for the Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of peripartal maternal mortality and accounts for 25% of all maternal deaths worldwide. The most common reasons of PPH are uterine atony, retained placenta, or placenta accreta spectrum. Treatment of PPH depends on the etiology and corresponds to a stepwise approach, which follows the German, Austrian and Swiss guideline for the diagnosis and therapy of PPH in Switzerland.

Serum Pancreatic Stone Protein Reference Values in Healthy Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: In non-pregnant populations, pancreatic stone protein (PSP) has been reported to have a higher diagnostic performance for identifying severe inflammatory and infectious disease than other established biomarkers.

Objective: To generate reference values for serum PSP in pregnancy and compare them to the values of the general healthy population.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

First trimester abortion protocols by facility type in Switzerland and potential barriers to accessing the service.

Simplified first-trimester abortion protocols are well established. However, data on the use of medical or surgical abortion protocols across Switzerland is lacking. We report protocol characteristics in abortion care for two different facility types, hospital vs private practices (office-based) in Switzerland.

Investigation of the effect of structure modification of furamidine on the DNA minor groove binding and antiprotozoal activity.

New analogs of the antiprotozoal agent Furamidine were prepared utilizing Stille coupling reactions and amidation of the bisnitrile intermediate using lithium bis-trimethylsilylamide. Both the phenyl groups and the furan moiety of furamidine were replaced by heterocycles including thiophene, selenophene, indole or benzimidazole. Based upon the ΔTm and the CD results, the new compounds showed strong binding to the DNA minor groove.

The Impact of Prepartum Platelet Count on Postpartum Blood Loss and Its Association with Coagulation Factor XIII Activity.

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Contradictory information exists regarding the relevance of prepartum platelet count on postpartum hemorrhage. We have shown prepartum coagulation factor XIII to be associated with postpartum blood loss; however, little is known about the association of platelet count with factor XIII activity.

Wearable sensors for prediction of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes: a prospective proof of principle study.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of wearable sensors for prediction of intraamniotic infection in pregnant women with PPROM.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective proof of principle study, we included 50 patients diagnosed with PPROM at the University Hospital Zurich between November 2017 and May 2020. Patients were instructed to wear a bracelet during the night, which measures physiological parameters including wrist skin temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability, and breathing rate.

Repositioning of a Diaminothiazole Series Confirmed to Target the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase CRK12 for Use in the Treatment of African Animal Trypanosomiasis.

African animal trypanosomiasis or nagana, caused principally by infection of the protozoan parasites and is a major problem in cattle and other livestocks in sub-Saharan Africa. Current treatments are threatened by the emergence of drug resistance and there is an urgent need for new, effective drugs. Here, we report the repositioning of a compound series initially developed for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis.

Epidemiology of disorders of Gut-Brain interaction in Israel: Results from the Rome Foundation global epidemiology study.

Background: Data for Israel from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study on the disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) were used to assess the national prevalence of all 22 DGBI, the percentage of respondents meeting diagnostic criteria for at least one DGBI, and the impact on burden of disease in Israel.

Methods: The survey was conducted through the Internet with multiple built-in quality-assurance techniques and included the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire and an in-depth supplemental questionnaire.

Key Results: 2012 Israeli participants completed the survey nationwide: mean age 44.

Feeding guild determines strength of top-down forces in multitrophic system experiencing bottom-up constraints.

Nitrogen (N) and water are crucial in crop production but increasingly scarce environmental resources. Reducing their inputs can affect the whole plant-arthropod community including biocontrol agents. In a multitrophic system, we studied the interaction of the bottom-up effects of moderately reduced N concentration and/or water supply as well as the top-down effects of pests of different feeding guilds on plant nutritional quality (N and carbon concentration), direct defense (alkaloids and phenolics), and indirect defense (plant volatile organic compounds); on herbivore performance and host quality (N and carbon) to parasitoids and the latter's performance.

New antiparasitic flexible triaryl diamidines, their prodrugs and aza analogues: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation, and molecular modelling studies.

Dicationic diamidines have been well established as potent antiparasitic agents with proven activity against tropical diseases like trypanosomiasis and malaria. This work presents the synthesis of new mono and diflexible triaryl amidines (6a-c, 13a,b and 17), their aza analogues (23 and 27) and respective methoxyamidine prodrugs (5, 7, 12a,b, 22 and 26). All diamidines were assessed in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.

Synthesis, in vitro antiprotozoal activity, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of some new monocationic guanidinobenzimidazoles.

A series of monocationic new guanidinobenzimidazole derivatives were prepared in a four step process starting from 2-nitro-1,4-phenylendiamine. Their antiparasitic activity against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani were evaluated in vitro. Two out of 20 tested monocationic compounds (7, 14) showed close activity with reference drug chloroquine against P.

Physician adherence to societal guidelines following colonoscopy with polypectomy.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in western countries. Polypectomy reduces the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. Following polypectomy, recommendations regarding the frequency and duration of surveillance rely mostly on features of the resected polyps and are summarized in various gastroenterological societal guidelines.

Adverse effect of delayed pushing on postpartum blood loss in nulliparous women with epidural analgesia.

Objective: To test for an association between blood loss and time until pushing (TUP) after full cervical dilation in nulliparous women with epidural analgesia.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed at the University Hospital of Zurich between October 2015 and November 2016. Included were 228 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy, planned vaginal delivery after 36 completed weeks of gestation, epidural analgesia, and guided active pushing.

The impact of prepartum factor XIII activity on postpartum blood loss.

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a major cause of maternal mortality, has several known risk factors but frequently occurs unexpectedly. PPH incidence and related maternal morbidity and mortality are rising worldwide.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of defined prepartum blood coagulation parameters on postpartum blood loss.

[DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES PRE AND POST BARIATRIC SURGERY PROCEDURES].

In the last decade, the number of bariatric surgery procedures increased dramatically in Israel similar to what has occurred worldwide. Bariatric surgery procedures have a proven efficacy in the treatment of morbid obesity. However, post-operative complications that involve the gastrointestinal tract may occur.

Perinatal death by bile acid levels in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is characterized by the elevation of total bile acids (TBAs). The primary concern in women with ICP is the increased risk of stillbirth. ICP is generally considered as "mild" when TBA levels range from 10 to 39 µmol/L and "severe" with levels greater than 40 µmol/L, although levels of TBA ≥100 µmol/L have been also considered as a further threshold of severity.

A Near-Complete Series of Four Atropisomeric Jozimine A-Type Naphthylisoquinoline Dimers with Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities and Related Alkaloids from .

Three new naphthylisoquinoline dimers, jozibrevines A-C (-), were isolated from the West African shrub , along with the known dimer jozimine A (). The two molecular moieties of - are coupled via the sterically constrained 3',3″-positions of their two naphthalene units, so that the central biaryl linkage is rotationally hindered. With the two outer axes also being chiral, - possess three consecutive stereogenic axes.

Ealamines A-H, a Series of Naphthylisoquinolines with the Rare 7,8'-Coupling Site, from the Congolese Liana , Targeting Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

From the twigs and leaves of the Central African liana (Ancistrocladaceae), a series of ten 7,8'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids were isolated, comprising eight new compounds, named ealamines A-H (, , -), and two known ones, 6--demethylancistrobrevine A () and yaoundamine A (), which had previously been found in related African species. Only one of the new compounds within this series, ealamine H (), is a typical Ancistrocladaceae-type alkaloid, with 3-configuration at C-3 and an oxygen function at C-6, whereas seven of the new alkaloids are the first 7,8'-linked "hybrid-type" naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, i.e.

Induction of labor and postpartum blood loss.

Background: To analyze blood loss after delivery in women with induction of labor compared to women with spontaneous onset of labor.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study investigating postpartum hemorrhage, 965 deliveries were analyzed including 380 women with induction of labor (39%) between 2015 and 2016. Primary outcome parameters were rate of postpartum hemorrhage, estimated blood loss and post-partum decrease in hemoglobin.