Standards-based audit to improve quality of maternal and newborn care-A stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial in Malawi.

Background: Audit is a quality improvement approach used in maternal and newborn health. Our objective was to introduce the practice of standards-based audit at healthcare facility level, and to examine if this would improve quality of care assessed by compliance with standards developed and agreed with healthcare providers. Our focus was on emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC).

Longitudinal Associations of (Un)popularity with Weight Perceptions and Dieting in Adolescence.

Little is known about the unique effects of (un)popularity on body image and the characteristics influencing these effects. The goals of this study were to examine (1) the longitudinal associations of adolescents' (un)popularity with weight perception and dieting, (2) whether (dis)liking, self-esteem, and gender moderated these associations. Participants were 1697 Dutch adolescents (M = 14.

The occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health amongst humanitarian aid workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Humanitarian crises and disasters affect millions of people worldwide. Humanitarian aid workers are civilians or professionals who respond to disasters and provide humanitarian assistance. In doing so, they face several stressors and traumatic exposures.

Adolescents' food intake changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: The moderating role of pre-pandemic susceptibility, COVID-19 related stressors, and the social food context.

Although insight in how adolescents' food intake is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic is critical, knowledge is limited. Hence, this longitudinal study ( = 691,  = 14.30,  = 0.

Automated sleep staging in people with intellectual disabilities using heart rate and respiration variability.

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have a higher risk of sleep disorders. Polysomnography (PSG) remains the diagnostic gold standard in sleep medicine. However, PSG in people with ID can be challenging, as sensors can be burdensome and have a negative influence on sleep.

Convergence of immune escape strategies highlights plasticity of SARS-CoV-2 spike.

The global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in emergence of lineages which impact the effectiveness of immunotherapies and vaccines that are based on the early Wuhan isolate. All currently approved vaccines employ the spike protein S, as it is the target for neutralizing antibodies. Here we describe two SARS-CoV-2 isolates with unusually large deletions in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike.

The effect of a multi-component school-based social network intervention on children's body mass index: a four-arm intervention study.

Four schools were randomly allocated to one of four conditions: a social network intervention using influence agents focusing on water consumption, physical activity, a combination of the two, or a passive control condition. Participants included a total of 201 6- to-11-year-old children (53.7% girls; = 8.

A longitudinal study on changes in food parenting practices during COVID-19 and the role of parental well-being.

The COVID-19 pandemic may negatively influence food parenting practices, also among parents of adolescents. Parental well-being (stress and depressive symptoms) may explain these COVID-19 related changes in food parenting practices (snack structure, healthy structure, modeling, autonomy support, and coercive control). However, most previous studies performed before or during the COVID-19 pandemic have been limited by cross-sectional designs.

Evaluation of a Digital Self-management Platform for Patients With Chronic Illness in Primary Care: Qualitative Study of Stakeholders' Perspectives.

Background: Population aging and multimorbidity has led to increasing chronic care needs associated with new challenges in managing growing costs, rising health care professional workloads, and the adoption of rigorous guidelines. These issues could all benefit from greater digitalization and a more patient-centered approach to chronic care, a situation brought to the fore by the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about real-life use in primary care.

Essential components of postnatal care - a systematic literature review and development of signal functions to guide monitoring and evaluation.

Background: Postnatal Care (PNC) is one of the healthcare-packages in the continuum of care for mothers and children that needs to be in place to reduce global maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. We sought to identify the essential components of PNC and develop signal functions to reflect these which can be used for the monitoring and evaluation of availability and quality of PNC.

Methods: Systematic review of the literature using MESH headings for databases (Cinahl, Cochrane, Global Health, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science).

Examining food intake similarities in adolescent best friend dyads using longitudinal Actor-Partner Interdependence Models.

Little is known about how adolescent best friends may affect each other's food intake. This study explored whether friendship selection and socialization mechanisms explained potential food intake similarities in adolescent reciprocated best friend dyads. We also tested whether socialization processes were moderated by dyad member's relative zBMI.

Physical morbidity and psychological and social comorbidities at five stages during pregnancy and after childbirth: a multicountry cross-sectional survey.

Objective: Maternal morbidity affects millions of women, the burden of which is highest in low resource settings. We sought to explore when this ill-health occurs and is most significant.

Settings: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study at primary and secondary-level healthcare facilities in India, Pakistan, Kenya and Malawi.

Transdisciplinary Imagination: Addressing Equity and Mistreatment in Perinatal Care.

Inequities in birth outcomes are linked to experiential and environmental exposures. There have been expanding and intersecting wicked problems of inequity, racism, and quality gaps in childbearing care during the pandemic. We describe how an intentional transdisciplinary process led to development of a novel knowledge exchange vehicle that can improve health equity in perinatal services.

[A cohort-comparison of food intake, lifestyle and social-emotional health of adolescents before and during the corona crisis].

The corona crisis can be considered a 'natural experiment', in which the social context has changed dramatically. It is largely unknown how adolescents respond to this, and which behaviors change. We have compared a cohort of ninth graders ( = 177,  = 15.

Cellular assays identify barriers impeding iron-sulfur enzyme activity in a non-native prokaryotic host.

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ancient and ubiquitous protein cofactors and play irreplaceable roles in many metabolic and regulatory processes. Fe-S clusters are built and distributed to Fe-S enzymes by dedicated protein networks. The core components of these networks are widely conserved and highly versatile.

Where is the 'C' in antenatal care and postnatal care: A multi-country survey of availability of antenatal and postnatal care in low- and middle-income settings.

Objective: Antenatal (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) are logical entry points for prevention and treatment of pregnancy-related illness and to reduce perinatal mortality. We developed signal functions and assessed availability of the essential components of care.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Keep it simple - Effective training in obstetrics for low- and middle-income countries.

In low-and middle-income countries, the burden of disease related to pregnancy and childbirth remains high. The health of the mother is intricately linked to that of the baby. Neonatal mortality is most likely to occur in the first week of life accounting for almost half of all deaths among children under 5-year old.

What are the essential components of antenatal care? A systematic review of the literature and development of signal functions to guide monitoring and evaluation.

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is one of the key care packages required to reduce global maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.

Objectives: To identify the essential components of ANC and develop signal functions.

Search Strategy: MESH headings for databases including Cinahl, Cochrane, Global Health, Medline, PubMed and Web of Science.

What is in a name? Definitions of insomnia in people with intellectual disabilities.

Background: The reported prevalence of insomnia symptoms in people with intellectual disabilities varies greatly, possibly due to the lack of a common definition. This article provides an overview of the different definitions used and formulates key points for a general definition.

Methods: A literature search was performed.

Factors influencing motivation and job satisfaction of community health workers in Africa and Asia-A multi-country study.

As key stakeholders continue to affirm the relevance of community health workers (CHWs) in universal health coverage, there is a need for a commensurate focus on their motivation and job satisfaction especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where they play prominent roles. Despite the wealth of literature on motivation and job satisfaction, many studies draw on research conducted in high-income settings. This study explored factors influencing motivation and satisfaction among CHWs in LMICs.

Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study.

Objective: To assess the experience and impact of medical volunteers who facilitated training workshops for healthcare providers in maternal and newborn emergency care in 13 countries.

Settings: Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, UK and Zimbabwe.

Participants: Medical volunteers from the UK (n=162) and from low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) (n=138).

Work-based risk factors and quality of life in health care workers providing maternal and newborn care during the Sierra Leone Ebola epidemic: findings using the WHOQOL-BREF and HSE Management Standards Tool.

Introduction: Before the 2014, Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone, healthcare workers (HCWs) faced many challenges. Workload and personal risk of HCWs increased but their experiences of these have not been well explored. HCWs evaluation of their quality of life (QoL) and risk factors for developing work-based stress is important in helping to develop a strong and committed workforce in a resilient health system.

Obstructive sleep apnea in people with intellectual disabilities: adherence to and effect of CPAP.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in people with intellectual disabilities (ID), but in practice continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is often deemed unfeasible. We investigated adherence to and effect of CPAP in patients with ID and OSA.

Methods: Patients with ID were started on CPAP using an intensive training program.