Effect of sodium hydroxide treatment on rate of passage and rate of ruminal fiber digestion.

Ruminally fistulated lambs were used to measure the effect of sodium hydroxide treatment on rate of passage and rate of ruminal fiber digestion. Corncobs were raised to 60% moisture and treated to a final concentration of 0, 2.5, 5.

Effect of dietary lactic acid on rumen lactate metabolism and blood acid-base status of lambs switched from low to high concentrate diets.

Two experiments were conducted with ruminally fistulated wether lambs to determine the effect of lactic acid addition to a hay diet on rumen lactate metabolism, blood acid-base status and subsequent adaptation to a high concentrate diet. In Exp. 1, lambs were fed mature brome hay (H), H plus 5% (w/w) D,L lactic acid (H5L) or H plus 10% lactic acid (H10L) (three lambs per treatment) for 14 days (phase I) then switched to a 90% concentrate diet for 2 days (phase II).

The clinical effectiveness of selective portal shunts.

The use of four types of selective portal shunts designed to avoid postshunt encephalopathy has been reviewed. The incidence of hospital mortality and recurrent hemorrhage from varices among 187 reported cases have been comparable to standard portacaval shunts. The incidence of postshunt encephalopathy among 154 survivors with patent shunts followed from two to ninety-six months has averaged 8 per cent but with significant differences between the types of operation.