Autistic Traits, Emotion Regulation, Social Anxiety, Drinking to Cope, and Problematic Alcohol Use: A Cross-Cultural Examination Among Young Adults from Seven Countries.

Background: Prior research suggests that individuals reporting autistic traits are at heightened risk for alcohol dependence once they begin drinking; thus, examining factors that may lead to problematic drinking in this population is imperative. Neurotypical college students higher in autistic traits tend to have more social anxiety, more challenges with social skills and communication, and weaker social adjustment than those lower in autistic traits, which are risk factors for problematic alcohol use.

Objectives: The present study sought to assess whether university students with more autistic traits would report greater alcohol-related negative consequences, and whether this association would be indirectly influenced by social anxiety, emotion regulation, and drinking to cope.

Use of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy to Inactivate Multidrug-Resistant : Scoping Review.

is a Gram-negative bacillus responsible for a wide variety of potentially fatal infections and, in turn, constitutes a critical agent of healthcare-associated infections. Moreover, is characterized by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase (KPC) producer strains, representing a significant health problem. Because resistances make it difficult to eradicate using antibiotics, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) promises to be a favorable approach to complementing conventional therapy against MDR bacteria.

Transcriptional regulation of Cry2Ab toxin receptor ABCA2 gene in insects involves GATAe and splicing of a 5' UTR intron.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces Cry toxins that are used to control insect pests worldwide. However, evolution of insect resistance threatens the sustainable application of these toxins. In some cases, Cry toxin resistance has been linked to mutations affecting toxin receptors expression.

Potential impact of tide-regulation barriers on the formation of methylmercury in the Venice Lagoon (Italy).

Methylmercury (MeHg), a neurotoxic pollutant, is formed mainly under anaerobiosis. The "Modulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico" (MOSE), built to temporarily close the Venice Lagoon and protect the city from flooding, induces changes in the hydrological regime, reducing water circulation and decreasing in the dissolved oxygen concentrations of the lagoon. Our study shows the potential changes in sediment and overlying water physico-chemistry in a simulated MOSE closing-event by incubating sediment cores for 48 h in the laboratory and deploying benthic chambers.

E-cigarette Quit Attempts in Emerging Adults: Motivations for Attempts and Predictors of Cessation Barriers.

Introduction: Although young adults use electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) more often than any other demographic group, most are interested in cessation; however, little is known about their cessation experiences. The present study examined characteristics associated with quit attempts, reasons for quitting and resources utilized, and psychological symptoms [i.e.

Military sexual trauma, childhood trauma, and combat trauma: Associations with longitudinal posttraumatic growth among U.S. Veterans.

Objective: Military sexual trauma (MST), childhood trauma, and combat trauma are prevalent among U.S. military personnel.

Need Frustration and E-Cigarette Use and Dependence Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Ruminative Thinking.

: The prevalence and dependence of e-cigarettes have increased among young adult college students in recent years. Though several independent risk factors for e-cigarette use and dependence have been identified, research employing theory-informed models to predict e-cigarette use and dependence is limited. : Using Self Determination Theory (SDT), e-cigarette use and dependence may be understood as stemming from need frustration that impairs autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which increases vulnerability for negative health outcomes, including e-cigarette use.

Nuclear versus cytoplasmic IKKα signaling in keratinocytes leads to opposite skin phenotypes and inflammatory responses, and a different predisposition to cancer.

IKKα is known as an essential protein for skin homeostasis. However, the lack of suitable models to investigate its functions in the skin has led to IKKα being mistakenly considered as a suppressor of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development. In this study, using our previously generated transgenic mouse models expressing exogenous IKKα in the cytoplasm (C-IKKα mice) or in the nucleus (N-IKKα mice) of basal keratinocytes, we demonstrate that at each subcellular localization, IKKα differently regulates signaling pathways important for maintaining the balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and for the cutaneous inflammatory response.

Anti-integrin αvβ6 Autoantibodies are Increased in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Patients With Concomitant Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Correlate With Liver Disease Severity.

Background & Aims: Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies (anti-αvβ6) are found in more than 50% of individuals with ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-αvβ6 in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and their association with liver disease severity.

Methods: Four cohorts of pre-liver transplant patients with PSC were recruited.

A review of empirical treatments focused on mind-body and spiritually grounded complementary practices for moral injury among veterans.

Investigators have called for mind-body practices and spiritual and religious approaches for the treatment of moral injury in veterans. Programs and interventions that use mindfulness, meditation, spirituality, prayer, and other techniques span different academic disciplines and can be difficult for investigators and clinicians to identify but are important for those who work with veterans with moral injury. This paper reports a review of a systematic search that identified 12 empirical studies from eight databases (i.

PneumoBrowse 2: an integrated visual platform for curated genome annotation and multiomics data analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an opportunistic human pathogen responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Extensive genome sequencing revealed its large pangenome, serotype diversity, and provided insight into genome dynamics. However, functional genome analysis has lagged behind, as that requires detailed and time-consuming manual curation of genome annotations and integration of genomic and phenotypic data.

Steroid-Refractory Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis in Infliximab-Experienced Patients.

Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening complication of ulcerative colitis (UC) that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, with a substantial number of patients needing colectomy. Infliximab (IFX) has been increasingly used as a rescue therapy for patients who have failed intravenous steroids and has been more frequently used as an induction and maintenance therapy in moderate-to-severe UC. Therefore, the number of patients admitted with ASUC previously exposed to IFX has been increasing, raising additional challenges in the medical management of these patients to avoid emergent colectomy.

Oxidative Stress Induces Changes in Molecular Markers Associated with Ferroptosis in Human Spermatozoa.

Purpose: Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by increased bioavailability of redox-active iron, loss of GPX4 antioxidant capacity, and oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) on ferroptotic cell death in human spermatozoa.

Materials And Methods: Spermatozoa from normozoospermic donors were exposed to AA (5, 25, and 50 µM) for 1 hour at 37 ℃, including an untreated control.

Positive and Negative Pathways Linking Depressive Symptoms to Problematic Alcohol Use Among Argentinian College Students: An Examination of Positive and Negative Urgency Traits and Internal Drinking Motives.

Growing evidence suggests the tendency to act rashly under positive and negative emotions and affect-related drinking motives connect symptoms of mood disorders with alcohol-related problems. However, studies examining this sequence are scarce in Latin-American samples. The present study evaluated, in Argentinian college students ( = 403; 68.

A Descriptive Assessment of Social Validity Source, Timing, and Direct Consumer Inclusion in Behavior Analytic Research.

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is the application of behavioral principles to affect socially important behavior change with social importance, or social validity, being defined by the consumers of the intervention. (Schwartz & Baer, , 189-204, 1991) provided several suggestions to improve the implementation of the social validity assessment including engaging in ongoing assessment, increasing the type and psychometric rigor of social validity measures, and extending participation in the social validity assessment to include direct and indirect consumers. The purpose of this article is to explore the current implementation of social validity assessments used in behavioral research.

Differences in alcohol-related variables between individuals who engage in food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) behaviors and those who only use alcohol: The role of FAD motives.

Objective: Food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) is the use of any compensatory behavior (e.g., skipping meals) within the context of a drinking episode.

In an Imperfect World: Barriers and Facilitators to Educators' Evidence-Based Practice Use for Elementary-Aged Autistic Students in Inclusive Settings.

Educators' use of evidence-based practices (EBP) provides positive outcomes for autistic students in multiple areas of learning (e.g., peer interactions and academic skills) and may promote access and participation in general educational settings.

Psychometric properties and Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the Spanish version of the Alcohol Expectancies Questionnaire Short Form among young adult binge drinkers.

Longitudinal Measurement Invariance (LMI) is critically important to evaluate changes in alcohol expectancies over time. However, past research has not explored the longitudinal properties of the Spanish Expectancy Questionnaire Short Form (EQ-SF). To examine the reliability, sources of validity (structural, invariance across sex, and concurrent validity), and LMI of the Spanish EQ-SF among young adults who engage in binge drinking.

Closing the gap: prognostic and predictive biomarker validation for personalized care in a Latin American hormone-dependent breast cancer cohort.

Background: Several guidelines recommend the use of different classifiers to determine the risk of recurrence (ROR) and treatment decisions in patients with HR+HER2- breast cancer. However, data are still lacking for their usefulness in Latin American (LA) patients. Our aim was to evaluate the comparative prognostic and predictive performance of different ROR classifiers in a real-world LA cohort.

Bullying Victimization Trajectories: Associations With Changes in Social Status Dimensions Within the Classroom Group.

Background: Previous studies have identified the association between classroom social status and bullying victimization, but it remains unclear how different victimization trajectories relate separately to social status dimensions: preference (acceptance and rejection) and popularity (popular and unpopular), and whether there are differences between victimization trajectory groups. This study assumed a longitudinal approach to explore these research questions.

Method: A total of 3.

Microorganisms Involved in Methylmercury Demethylation and Mercury Reduction are Widely Distributed and Active in the Bathypelagic Deep Ocean Waters.

The ocean's mercury (Hg) content has tripled due to anthropogenic activities, and although the dark ocean (>200 m) has become an important Hg reservoir, concentrations of the toxic and bioaccumulative methylmercury (MeHg) are low and therefore very difficult to measure. As a consequence, the current understanding of the Hg cycle in the deep ocean is severely data-limited, and the factors controlling MeHg, as well as its transformation rates, remain largely unknown. By analyzing 52 globally distributed bathypelagic deep-ocean metagenomes and 26 new metatranscriptomes from the Malaspina Expedition, our study reveals the widespread distribution and expression of bacterial-coding genes and in the global bathypelagic ocean (∼4000 m depth).