Faster intervals, faster recoveries - intensified short VO running intervals are inferior to traditional long intervals in terms of time spent above 90% VO.

Introduction: High intensity interval training for improving maximal oxygen consumption (VO) is a fundamental component of specific preparation phases for middle- and long-distance runners. In this context, short intervals are very popular in practice. The aim of the present study was to determine whether increasing the intensity of short intervals around maximal aerobic speed (vVO), compared to traditional long interval runs, leads to a greater time spent above 90% VO.

Fragmentation of Care After Admissions for Burn: An Analysis of the National Readmissions Database.

Introduction: Burn patients require complex longitudinal care guided by a team with specific clinical expertise. Burn patients are at increased need for readmission, which may result in Fragmentation of care (readmission to hospitals other than the index hospital), that can lead to increases in mortality, length of stay, and financial burden. In the already-complex burn patient, negative effects of care fragmentation may be magnified.

Lysosomal functions and dysfunctions: Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying Gaucher disease and its association with Parkinson disease.

Lysosomes have a critical role in maintaining normal cellular homeostasis mediated by their involvement in secretion, plasma membrane repair, cell signaling and energy metabolism. Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of approximately 50 rare disorders caused by lysosomal dysfunction that occur due to mutations in a gene of a lysosomal protein. Gaucher disease (GD), an autosomal recessive disorder and one of the most common LSDs, is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid-β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), due to biallelic mutations in the GBA1 gene.

A rare case of retained sabot after close-range shotgun injury.

Background: Shotgun injuries are a relatively uncommon type of trauma, and therefore may present a challenge in management for trauma surgeons. This is particularly true in the case of surgeons unfamiliar with the unique characteristics of shotgun wounds and the mechanics of shotguns. In many cases, the shot pellets are the primary source of injury.

Misfolding of Lysosomal α-Galactosidase a in a Fly Model and Its Alleviation by the Pharmacological Chaperone Migalastat.

Fabry disease, an X-linked recessive lysosomal disease, results from mutations in the gene encoding lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). Due to these mutations, there is accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) in plasma and in a wide range of cells throughout the body. Like other lysosomal enzymes, α-Gal A is synthesized on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bound polyribosomes, and upon entry into the ER it undergoes glycosylation and folding.

Expedient and modular access to 2-azabicyclic architectures by iron-catalyzed dehydrative coupling of alcohol-bearing allylic lactams.

A high-yielding, cost-effective, modular and environmentally benign approach to [5,5]- or [6,5]-2-azabicyclic architectures bearing vicinal stereocenters, by Fe-catalyzed intramolecular dehydrative coupling of readily affordable alcohol-bearing allylic lactams is presented.

UPR activation and CHOP mediated induction of GBA1 transcription in Gaucher disease.

Chronic presence of mutant, misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) initiates ER stress and induces the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). In Gaucher disease (GD), resulting from mutations in the GBA1 gene, encoding lysosomal acid β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a certain fraction of the mutant variants is retained in the ER and activates the UPR. We have previously shown UPR activation in GD derived fibroblasts, in fibroblasts that derived from carriers of GD mutations and in Drosophila models of carriers of GD mutations.

Modular access to vicinally functionalized allylic (thio)morpholinonates and piperidinonates by substrate-controlled annulation of 1,3-azadienes with hexacyclic anhydrides.

A modular substrate-controlled hexannulation of inherently promiscuous 1,3-azadienes with hexacyclic anhydrides, which affords versatile vicinally functionalized allylic lactams, in high yields, regio- and stereoselectivities is described.

Regiocontrolled synthesis of (hetero)aryl and alkenyl dehydropyrrolidines, dehydropiperidines and azepenes by Ru-catalyzed, heteroatom-directed α-C-H activation/cross-coupling of cyclic enamides with boronic acids.

The synthesis of α-aryl and alkenyl pyrrolidine-, piperidine-, and azepane derivatives, through the intermediacy of cyclic enamides is described. The desired outcome is achieved through ruthenium-catalyzed, site-selective sp(2) C-H activation/cross-coupling with aryl and alkenyl boronic acids. The regioselectivity (α-sp(2)vs.

Characteristics of group A streptococcal bacteremia in patients at the San Bernardino County Medical Center.

On the basis of a 12-year study of 58 patients at our medical center who had group A streptococcal bacteremia, we found that this disease is not uncommon when compared with other varieties of bacteremia. It occurs with about one-half of the frequency of bacteremias due to Klebsiella species and one-eighth of that of bacteremias due to Staphylococcus aureus. The infection is infrequently nosocomial (3.

Immunity to measles in a large population of varying age. Significance with respect to vaccination.

During a measles outbreak, 660 hospital employees of widely varying ages were screened for immunity to the disease using an automated indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Of these 660 employees, 623 indicated their year of birth; 21 were seronegative and 13 had borderline titers. Of those born before 1957, 7 tested seronegative and 6 were borderline, while 12 of those born between 1959 and 1964 were seronegative and 3 were borderline.

The value of microbiologic culture of tissue samples in surgical pathology.

The diagnosis of infectious disease is best achieved, and appropriate therapy best effectuated, by isolation and identification of the causative agent. With appropriate exercise of foresight, the necessary procedures can be carried out readily on tissue samples obtained at surgery for morphologic study. Close cooperation among involved specialists permits microbiologic investigation of surgical specimens to be carried out routinely with results highly beneficial to patient care.

Quality control in microbiology: a review and bibliography.

Quality control in microbiology, with the proliferation and widespread usage of commercial identification systems, has largely passed into the hands of the manufacturer. In this review the author attempts to provide a spectrum of information concerning the validity, precision, and specificity of commercially available systems and individual methods for the identification of bacteria, of various types of yeasts, and of bacterial antigens, as well as a review of blood culture systems.

Hazardous materials management and control program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory--environmental protection.

At a large research laboratory facility the management and control of hazardous materials, and their subsequent wastes can be an unmanageable task. Environmental regulations, mandated by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, established a Federal program to provide comprehensive regulation of hazardous solid waste materials from their generation time to their disposal. In an effort to comply with these regulations, a Hazardous Materials Management and Control Program was created at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Detection of malarial parasites in routine Wright-stained blood smears.

Among four cases of malaria, parasites were initially detected in routine Wright-stained blood smears from three. In one of the three, malaria was not suspected until the organisms were seen during routine differential counting. In the fourth, review of the previously unstudied smear indicated that they should have been detectable during routine differential counting.

Urinary kallikrein excretion in essential and mineralocorticoid hypertension.

Urinary kallikrein excretion has been reported to be decreased in patients with essential hypertension and elevated in patients with primary aldosteronism as a reflection of mineralocorticoid activity. Low renin essential hypertension (LREH) has been postulated to result from excess production of an unknown mineralocorticoid(s). Urinary kallikrein excretion was compared in outpatients with essential hypertension, mineralocorticoid hypertension (primary aldosteronism and 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency), and in normal subjects of the same race.

A biotype of Enterobacteriaceae intermediate between Citrobacter and Enterobacter.

The authors isolated two strains of an unnamed bacterial biotype with characteristics intermediate between those of Enterobacter and Citrobacter. The organisms did not produce acetyl-methyl carbinol, but decarboxylated lysine. Apart from the latter trait, they most closely resemble H2S-negative Citrobacter freundii.