RETRACTED: The revised stratigraphy of the hominin-bearing site of Kromdraai (Gauteng, South Africa) and associated perspectives.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

Predicting cardiometabolic disturbances from waist-to-height ratio: findings from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in predicting cardiometabolic outcomes and compare cut-off points for Brazilian adults.

Design: Cross-sectional study. WHtR areas under the curve (AUC) were compared with those for BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).

Social determinants of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment non-adherence in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Success in tuberculosis control depends on the implementation of steps that reduce social inequities, allowing the diagnosis and effective treatment of the disease. Little is known about the conditions affecting antituberculosis treatment non-adherence in areas of great social and economic heterogeneity, such as the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. This study aimed to describe and identify the social determinants of antituberculosis treatment non-adherence in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro between 2008 and 2012.

Recurrent events analysis for examination of hospitalizations in heart failure: insights from the Enhanced Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment (EFFECT) trial.

Aims: Hospitalizations often occur multiple times during the disease course of a heart failure (HF) patient. However, repeated hospitalizations have not been explored in a fulsome way in this setting. We investigated the association between patient factors and the risk of hospitalization among patients with HF using an extension of the Cox model for the analysis of recurrent events.

Distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): a spatial analysis.

The aim of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of the tuberculosis endemic in Rio de Janeiro State from 2002 to 2011. A retrospective study was conducted in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2002 to 2011. Spatial analysis techniques were used to describe the distribution of tuberculosis incidence in the state.

Anxiolytic Effect of L. in Crack Users.

The objective of this study was to investigate the anxiolytic effects of the essential oil (EO) of L. in patients experiencing crack withdrawal. This was developed with internal users in therapeutic communities in Paraíba, Brazil.

Fetal Splenomegaly: A Review.

Enlargement of the fetal spleen is usually found secondary to systemic diseases and is frequently associated with hepatomegaly. By far, the most common causes of fetal splenomegaly are infectious. Other etiologies responsible for this sign are hemolytic anemia, congestive cardiac failure, metabolic disorders, and rarely, leukemia, lymphoma, and histiocytosis.

Impact of Hydroxyurea on Anthropometry and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Among Children With Sickle Cell Disease.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of hydroxyurea (HU) on nutritional status and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) of children with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Design: Anthropometry and serum 25-OHD were determined in 98 children with SCD, comprising of 68 in HU-group and 30 in HU-naive group.

Results: Underweight was more common among HU-naive group (33.

Changes in Transcranial Doppler Flow Velocities in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: The Impact of Hydroxyurea Therapy.

Background And Objectives: Hydroxyurea (HU) was recently described as a substitute for chronic transfusion for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD) velocities who have received at least 1 year of transfusions. However, the role of HU in reverting elevated TCD velocities in patients not treated with transfusion is still debatable. The objective of the study was to examine whether HU influences the progression of TCD velocities in children with SCD.

A New Dyslexia Reading Method and Visual Correction Position Method.

Pediatricians and educators may interact daily with several dyslexic patients or students. One dyslexic author accidently developed a personal, effective, corrective reading method. Its effectiveness was evaluated in 3 schools.

Comparative study of the growth and nutritional status of Brazilian and Nigerian school-aged children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Comparative studies of patients in different sociogeographic/ecological zones may unravel potential environmental and nutritional factors influencing disease phenotype. In sickle cell disease (SCD), differential access to comprehensive care may influence their growth and nutritional status.

Methods: From June 2015 to February 2016, steady-state nutritional parameters of 109 Brazilian and 95 Nigerian children with SCD attending routine clinic visits at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife (Ilesa unit), respectively, were compared.

Spatial patterns of preventable perinatal mortality in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Objective: To identify the spatial distribution patterns and areas of higher risk of preventable perinatal mortality in the city of Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil.

Methods: We carried out a spatial aggregated study in 2007, considering the weighting areas (census tracts contiguous sets) of Salvador, of which the center and north present low life conditions. Data were obtained from national vital statistics systems and the 2010 Census.

Ocular Changes During Pregnancy.

Pregnancy is needed for the perpetuation of the human species, and it leads to physiological adaptations of the various maternal organs and systems. The eye, although a closed space, also undergoes some modifications, most of which are relatively innocuous, but they may occasionally become pathological. For women, pregnancy is a susceptibility period; however, for many obstetricians, their knowledge of the ocular changes that occur during pregnancy tends to be limited.

Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from broilers with vertebral osteomyelitis in Southeast Brazil.

Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is a worldwide emerging disease that affects broilers. Recently, the isolation of Enterococcus faecalis in cases of the disease has been described. This study aimed at determining the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance profile of 12 E.

Design and optimization of hydrogen production from hydrothermally pretreated sugarcane bagasse using response surface methodology.

Hydrogen production from hydrothermally pretreated (200 °C for 10 min at 16 bar) sugarcane bagasse was analyzed using response surface methodology. The yeast extract concentration and the temperature had a significant influence for hydrogen production (p-value 0.027 and 0.

Accuracy of Zika virus disease case definition during simultaneous Dengue and Chikungunya epidemics.

Background: Zika is a new disease in the American continent and its surveillance is of utmost importance, especially because of its ability to cause neurological manifestations as Guillain-Barré syndrome and serious congenital malformations through vertical transmission. The detection of suspected cases by the surveillance system depends on the case definition adopted. As the laboratory diagnosis of Zika infection still relies on the use of expensive and complex molecular techniques with low sensitivity due to a narrow window of detection, most suspected cases are not confirmed by laboratory tests, mainly reserved for pregnant women and newborns.

Effectiveness and safety of two 18-gauge needle types on native and allograft renal biopsies.

Percutaneous biopsy is a key diagnostic tool for both native and allograft kidney diseases. Adequacy criteria vary, but at a minimum, a biopsy should allow the pathologist to reach a diagnosis and provide prognostic information such as the degree of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) and percentage of glomerulosclerosis. Whereas most studies use glomerular counts as a surrogate for biopsy adequacy, the amount and preservation of tubulointerstitium is equally important, considering IF/TA is a major prognostic parameter for most medical renal diseases.