A 43-kDa TDP-43 species is present in aggregates associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

The transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) is a major component of the abnormal intracellular inclusions that occur in two common neurodegenerative diseases of humans: (1) a subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and (2) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Genetics, experiments in cultured cells and animals, and analogy with other neurodegenerative diseases indicate that the process of TDP-43 aggregation is fundamental to the pathogenesis of these 2 diseases, but the process by which this aggregation occurs is not understood. Biochemical fractionation has revealed truncated, phosphorylated and ubiquitinated forms of TDP-43 in a detergent-insoluble fraction from diseased CNS tissue, while these forms are absent from controls.

Explaining moral religions.

Moralizing religions, unlike religions with morally indifferent gods or spirits, appeared only recently in some (but not all) large-scale human societies. A crucial feature of these new religions is their emphasis on proportionality (between deeds and supernatural rewards, between sins and penance, and in the formulation of the Golden Rule, according to which one should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself). Cognitive science models that account for many properties of religion can be extended to these religions.

Multifocal VZV vasculopathy with temporal artery infection mimics giant cell arteritis.

Objective: To address the incidence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection in patients with biopsy-negative giant cell arteritis (GCA), we examined archived biopsy-negative temporal arteries from subjects with clinically suspected GCA for the presence of VZV antigen.

Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded temporal arteries that were pathologically negative for GCA and normal temporal arteries were analyzed immunohistochemically for VZV and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) antigen.

Results: Five (21%) of 24 temporal arteries from patients who were clinically suspect but biopsy negative for GCA revealed VZV but not HSV-1 by immunohistochemical analysis.

Differential theory for anisotropic cylindrical objects with an arbitrary cross section.

We extend the differential theory to anisotropic cylindrical structures with an arbitrary cross section. Two cases have to be distinguished. When the anisotropic cylinders do not contain the origin, the scattering matrix of the device is calculated from the extended differential theory with the help of the scattering matrix propagation algorithm.

Efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine 50 mg/d for prevention of relapse in major depressive disorder:a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term (11-month) efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine (administered as desvenlafaxine succinate) at the recommended 50-mg/d dose in preventing relapse in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method: Adult outpatients (age ≥ 18 years) with MDD (DSM-IV criteria) and a 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) total score ≥ 20 at screening and baseline were enrolled in a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal trial conducted between June 2009 and March 2011. Patients who responded to 8-week open-label treatment with desvenlafaxine 50 mg/d with continuing stable response through week 20 were randomly assigned to receive placebo or desvenlafaxine 50 mg/d in a 6-month, double-blind, randomized withdrawal period.

Arthroscopic double-row cuff repair with suture-bridging: a structural and functional comparison of two techniques.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the functional and structural outcomes of 2 techniques for double-row, suture-bridging cuff repair.

Methods: A consecutive series of 73 patients who underwent arthroscopic, double-row, suture-bridge primary rotator cuff repair of full-thickness supraspinatus tear were evaluated. Thirty-eight shoulders were repaired by the arthroscopic, tied, suture-bridging technique (group A), and 35 shoulders by knot-less bridging with suture tape material (group B).

Satisfactory long-term MRI after autologous chondrocyte implantation at the knee.

Purpose: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) to address isolated condylar lesions is supposed to limit degenerative deterioration in neutrally aligned knees. Here, we report long-term results of the first-generation ACI technique with periosteal flap.

Methods: Twelve patients, 29 years old on average, were included on the basis of pre-operative MRI selection of lesions >2 cm2.

Decreased fMRI activity in the hippocampus of patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy control participants, tested on a wayfinding task in a virtual town.

Intact episodic memory requires the ability to make associations between the contextual features of an event, referred to as contextual binding. Binding processes combine different contextual elements into a complete memory representation. It has been proposed that binding errors during the encoding process are responsible for the episodic memory impairments reported in schizophrenia.

VZV multifocal vasculopathy with ischemic optic neuropathy, acute retinal necrosis and temporal artery infection in the absence of zoster rash.

We describe a 54-year-old diabetic woman who developed ischemic optic neuropathy followed by acute retinal necrosis and multiple areas of focal venous beading. Vitreous fluid contained amplifiable VZV DNA but not HSV-1, CMV or toxoplasma DNA. The clinical presentation was remarkable for jaw claudication and intermittent scalp pain, prompting a temporal artery biopsy that was pathologically negative for giant cell arteritis, but notable for VZV antigen.

Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae).

Three species of Pampasatyrus Hayward, 1953 (Satyrinae, Pronophilina) are transferred to Stegosatyrus n. gen. (Euptychiina) based on morphological evidence: S.

Analytical study of resonance conditions in planar resonators.

We propose a study of a generalized Airy-like formula of the transmittance through planar resonators. A complete and analytical analysis of total transmission conditions is given according to physical parameters. The homogeneous problem related to free oscillations of resonators, which leads to complex resonance frequencies and quality factors, is also resolved.

Is it time to shift to better characterization of patients in trials assessing novel antidepressants? An example of two relapse prevention studies with agomelatine.

The present paper reports in parallel the findings of the two studies that evaluated the efficacy of agomelatine in preventing relapse of depression. It describes the methodological adjustments made between the first and the second trial, particularly in relation to patient selection and accuracy of diagnosis of depression. Patients with major depressive disorder who responded to an 8/10-week course of agomelatine 25-50 mg treatment were randomly assigned to receive continuation treatment with agomelatine or placebo during a 24-week, randomized, double-blind treatment period with an optional 18- or 20-week double-blind extension period.

[Criteria of the patient's decision concerning vaccination against influenza AH1N1, in Belgium and France].

Introduction: We have analyzed the reasons evoked by the patients to decide or not to be vaccinated against AH1N1 influenza, in France and Belgium.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were performed, recorded and transcribed for analysis. Fifty-eight interviews were performed with patient living in the region of Midi-Pyrénées, France (21 interviews) and in the province of Liège, Belgium (37 interviews).

[Oocyte vitrification and its impact on the clinical practice of assisted reproduction].

Oocyte vitrification is a new technique in cryobiology that will lead to a number of improvements in assisted reproduction practices, oocyte donation and the preservation of female fertility. Professionals already versed in the techniques of micromanipulation will be able to master the new procedures, which should not be delegated to unqualified staff. When adopted by clinical units, oocyte vitrification will require changes in laboratory and administrative organization.

Not all protein-mediated single-wall carbon nanotube dispersions are equally bioactive.

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been dispersed with proteins to increase biocompatibility and specificity, but examinations of dispersion parameters on functional cellular uptake are required for utilization of SWCNTs in biological applications. Here we correlate conditions of SWCNT dispersion with various proteins to uptake these SWCNTs in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and J774A.1 macrophage-like cells.

Removal of infected cemented hinge knee prostheses using extended femoral and tibial osteotomies: six cases.

Extended femoral and tibial osteotomies were performed to remove infected cemented hinged knee prostheses in five patients (six knees) with a mean age of 72 years (44-85) and a history of multiple knee surgeries. A tibial osteotomy was used to mobilise the distal quadriceps insertion and to release the tibial extension. The femoral component was extracted by downward traction and its cement mantle was cleared through an anterior osteotomy (n=4) or via the distal approach (n=2).

Amniotic fluid exhibits an innate inhibitory activity against HIV type 1 replication in vitro.

Indirect evidence suggests that amniotic fluid (AF) may play a role in the pathogenesis of in utero HIV-1 transmission. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential innate inhibitory role of AF on HIV replication, which may contribute to protection of the fetus against intrauterine transmission. AF was collected from term HIV-1-negative women undergoing scheduled cesarean section.

The organization of psychiatric care in France: current aspects and future challenges.

In the last four decades, psychiatric care in France has led to the development of catchment area-based service provision. Within each geographical area teams are now responsible for psychiatric care both at outpatient and inpatient levels. However, financial and economic constraints have led to a reduction in beds and staffing levels.

Cultural differences in investing in others and in the future: why measuring trust is not enough.

Standard measures of generalized trust in others are often taken to provide reliable indicators of economic attitudes in different countries. Here we compared three highly distinct groups, in Kenya, China and the US, in terms of more specific attitudes, [a] people's willingness to invest in the future, [b] their willingness to invest in others, and [c] their trust in institutions. Results suggest that these measures capture deep differences in economic attitudes that are not detected by standard measures of generalized trust.

In-vivo glenohumeral translation and ligament elongation during abduction and abduction with internal and external rotation.

Study Design: Basic Science. To investigate humeral head translations and glenohumeral ligament elongation with a dual fluoroscopic imaging system.

Background: The glenohumeral ligaments are partially responsible for restraining the humeral head during the extremes of shoulder motion.

[Giant cell tumor of the C2 colonized by an aneurismal bone cyst. Report of case].

Giant cell tumor is colonized by aneurismal bone cyst in only 15% of cases and cervical localisation accounts for less than 1% of giant cell tumors. We are reporting a rare case of a C2 hypervascularized giant cell tumor colonized by an aneurismal bone cyst treated with an effective preoperative Onyx embolization followed by a full tumor resection. The patient experienced a moderate cervical spine injury 2 months prior admission followed by a progressive stiff neck and cervicalgia.

HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptases: different mechanisms of resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

As anti-HIV therapy becomes more widely available in developing nations, it is clear that drug resistance will continue to be a major problem. The related viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2 share many of the same resistance pathways to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). However, clinical data suggest that while HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) usually uses an ATP-dependent excision pathway to develop resistance to the nucleoside analog zidovudine (AZT), HIV-2 RT does not appear to use this pathway.

[High-fat diets and body composition over two generations. An experimental study].

Introduction And Objective: Despite recent findings reported on the nutritional factors that induce epigenetic changes, little information is available at early ages. This study analyzed in an experimental model, over two generations, potential changes in body composition and potential expression of epigenetic changes as the result of the intake of isoenergetic diets with different fat levels.

Materials And Methods: At weaning, Wistar female rats were divided into two groups that were fed either a control diet (fat=7% w/w) or a high-fat diet (15% w/w).

Does fibrin sealant use in total knee replacement reduce transfusion rates? A non-randomised comparative study.

Background: Studies assessing fibrin sealants use during total knee replacement (TKR) have produced inconsistent results. We evaluated fibrin sealant therapy in TKR procedures performed without tourniquet and without postoperative drains.

Hypothesis: Use of a fibrin sealant during TKR decreases calculated total blood loss, thereby diminishing blood transfusion requirements and costs.