A critical analysis of surgical outcomes indicators in hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery: From crude mortality to composite outcomes.

Background: Indicators of surgical outcomes are designed to objectively evaluate surgical performance, enabling comparisons among surgeons and institutions. In recent years, there has been a surge in complex indicators of perioperative short-term and long-term outcomes. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview and a critical analysis of surgical outcomes indicators, with a special emphasis on hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery.

Multidrug Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Isolates From Dairy Cattle With Mastitis.

is a pathogen-associated to bovine mastitis, a health disorder responsible for significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Antimicrobial therapy remains the main strategy for the control of this bacterium in dairy herds and human In order to get insight on molecular characteristics of  strains circulating among Argentinean cattle with mastitis, we received 1500 samples from 56 dairy farms between 2016 and 2019. We recovered 56 isolates and characterized them in relation to serotypes, virulence genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility.

Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae TA B490, a Multidrug-Resistant Strain Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Argentina.

is a bovine pathogen that causes intramammary infections. For humans, is a leading cause of neonatal death and an emerging pathogen in adults. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of TA B490, a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from bovine mastitis in Argentina.

Different distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence profiles of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical mastitis in six countries.

Staphylococcus aureus is recognized worldwide as one of the main contagious mastitis agents in cattle and can express a set of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence-associated genes that explain the wide range of outcomes of intramammary infections. Staphylococcus aureus strains are heterogeneous: their different resistance and virulence patterns, associated with host-level factors and treatment factors, are related to the severity of infection. The aim of this study was to determine phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility, occurrence of selected antimicrobial resistance genes and other virulence genes in 93 S.

Is there a relationship between stature and age of onset of type 2 Diabetes?

Aims: MSP1A and MSP1B polymorphic sites located in the GH genomic area have been found associated with GH response to insulin stimulation, with familiar short stature and with age at onset of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These observations prompted us to search for a possible relationship between stature and age at onset of the disease.

Methods: We have reexamined the data of 272 subjects with T2D mellitus.

Smoking and hypertension: Effect of adenosine deaminase polymorphism.

Adenosine modulates cardiovascular functions reducing blood pressure and heart rate. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) by the irreversible deamination of adenosine to inosine contributes to the regulation of adenosine concentration in body fluids. We have studied the interaction between smoking and ADA genetic variability concerning their effects on blood pressure.

Significant relationship of combined ACP/PTPN22 genotype variants with the growth of uterine leiomyomas.

Objective: To analyze the interaction between ACP and PTPN22 concerning their effects on the growth of the tumor. In previous paper we have shown (i) that ACP*B/*B genotype of ACP is negatively associated with the growth of leiomyomas and (ii) that there is a negative association of *C/*C genotype of PTPN22 with tumor growth.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and three White women from the population of Rome with symptomatic leiomyomas were recruited in the University of Rome Tor Vergata.

Isolates from Bovine Mastitis in Eight Countries: Genotypes, Detection of Genes Encoding Different Toxins and Other Virulence Genes.

is recognized worldwide as one of the major agents of dairy cow intra-mammary infections. This microorganism can express a wide spectrum of pathogenic factors used to attach, colonize, invade and infect the host. The present study evaluated 120 isolates from eight different countries that were genotyped by RS-PCR and investigated for 26 different virulence factors to increase the knowledge on the circulating genetic lineages among the cow population with mastitis.

Correlation between birth weight and placental weight in healthy and diabetic puerperae.

Objective: The birth weight/placental weight ratio has an important predictive value for perinatal mortality and morbidity and for cardiovascular diseases in adult life. In this study, we compared the birth weight/placental weight (BW/PW) ratio and the correlation between the two parameters in diabetic women with that observed in healthy women.

Materials And Methods: A total of 347 consecutive newborn infants from healthy puerperae, 164 newborns from puerperae with gestational diabetes, 148 newborns from puerperae with preexisting type 1 diabetes, and 40 newborns from puerperae with preexisting type 2 diabetes have been studied from the White population of Rome.

Allergy and Uterine Leiomyomas: Cooperative Interaction with ACP1 Genetic Polymorphism.

Background: The possible association between allergy and neoplastic disorders has been the subject of many investigations but no general relationship has been determined. Little attention, however, has been paid to the possible role of allergy in the clinical manifestations of these diseases. In this study, the role of allergy in the susceptibility to uterine leiomyomas and in their growth was investigated.

Genetic variability within Adenosine Deaminase gene and uterine leiomyomas.

Objective: The recent observation of an association of colon cancer with two polymorphic sites within the Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) gene suggests an involvement of these polymorphisms in the development of solid tumors. This prompted us to search for a similar association in uterine leiomyomas.

Study Design: We have studied 181 women admitted to the hospital for leiomyomas requiring surgical intervention and 248 women of comparable age without clinical signs of leiomyomas.

The effect of ACP1, ADA6 and PTPN22 genetic polymorphisms on the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and endometriosis.

Purpose: Association between p53 codon 72 and endometriosis has been observed in populations of East Asia but not in those of European descent. Genetic polymorphisms could interact with p53 codon 72 influencing its association with endometriosis, thus explaining these differences among populations.

Methods: 130 women hospitalized for endometriosis and a sample of 250 women without endometriosis have been studied.

Smoking and the correlation between birth weight and placental weight. Evidence of interaction with maternal haptoglobin phenotype.

Objective: The negative effects of cigarette smoking on human reproduction are well known. In a previous paper we have reported that negative effects of smoking on fertility are observed in women carrying the Haptoglobin (Hp) 2 phenotype only. In the present note we have examined the effect of smoking on the correlation between birth weight (BW) and placental weight (PW) and the interaction with maternal Hp phenotype.

PTPN22 and uterine leiomyomas.

Objective: It has been suggested that the development of uterine leiomyomas is positively influenced by an immune system in a chronically inflammatory state and that a lower level of regulating T cell (Treg cells) would play a central role. Since it has been suggested that the W620 variant of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) decreases the number of Treg cells, we investigated a possible relationship between PTPN22 polymorphism and uterine leiomyomas.

Study Design: We studied 203 white women from Rome who were hospitalized for symptomatic leiomyomas requiring surgical intervention.

A study of adenylate kinase locus 1 (ak 1 ) genetic polymorphism in diabetic pregnancy.

Background: Previous studies suggest that adenylate kinase locus 1 (Ak 1 ) has an important role in the control of blood glucose level and in the glycation of structural and functional proteins in type 2 diabetes and in the balanced development of feto-placental unit in healthy puerperae (HP). In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the relationship of Ak 1 with maternal and neonatal parameters in puerperae with gestational diabetes (GDP) and with preexisting type 1 diabetes (T1DP).

Methods: This study was carried on 402 HP, 347 consecutive healthy newborns, 102 GDP and 111 T1DP with their newborn infants.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Comparison between the association with PTPN22 genotype and the association with ACP1-ADA1 joint genotype.

Aims: T1D has been found associated with PTPN22 and with ACP1-ADA1 joint genotype. In the present note we have collected further data to evaluate the relative importance of the two systems and to search for possible interaction of PTPN22 with ACP1-ADA1 joint genotype.

Methods: We have studied 314 children with T1D and 770 controls from the White population of Central Italy.

The relationship between p53 codon 72 genetic polymorphism and sperm parameters. A study of men with varicocele.

Purpose: Regulation of the apoptotic process has an important role in spermatogenesis. p53 has a prominent function in apoptosis and recent data suggest a relationship between varicocele and p53 codon 72 polymorphism and male infertility. This prompted us to study the relationship between this polymorphism and spermatic parameters.

Effect of genetic factors on the association between coronary artery disease and PTPN22 polymorphism.

PTPN22 has been previously found associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present note we have studied the effect of p53 codon 72, acid phosphatse locus 1 (ACP1) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) genetic polymorphism on the strength of association between PTPN22 and CAD. We have studied 133 non diabetic subjects with CAD, 122 non diabetic cardiovascular patients without CAD and 269 healthy blood donors.

Further observations on associations between the ADA gene and past malaria morbidity in Sardinia.

Objectives: Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) contributes to the regulation of adenosine concentration and in turn to T cell activation. Genetic variability of ADA activity may have, therefore, an important role in resistance to malaria. Indeed, previous studies in Sardinia have shown a lower frequency of ADA1 *2 allele (associated with low ADA activity) in areas, where malaria was heavily endemic compared to areas where malaria was not endemic.

Coronary artery disease. A study of three polymorphic sites of adenosine deaminase gene.

Objectives: The role of adenosine as a cardioprotective agent is well known and recent experimental studies suggest that impairment of adenosine-related signal transduction contributes to the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure. The recent observation of an association between ADA, genetic polymorphism and coronary artery disease (CAD) prompted us to study the possible relevance of three intragenic polymorphic sites of the ADA gene (ADA1, ADA2 and ADA6).

Methods And Results: 136 non-diabetic patients with coronary artery disease and 246 healthy blood donors from the white Italian population of Central Italy and 129 non-diabetic patients with CAD and 204 newborns from the white Polish population were studied.

Cytosolic low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase activity and clinical manifestations of diabetes.

Background: Biochemical, epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that cytosolic low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase (cLMWPTP) genetic variability may have a role in the clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus. In this article, the authors review data from their laboratory supporting the hypothesis that high cLMWPTP activity favors severe manifestations of diabetes.

Methods: In 829 type 2 diabetic patients, the authors have studied the association between clinical parameters and cLMWPTP activity.

ACP1 Genetic Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease: Evidence of Effects on Clinical Parameters of Cardiac Function.

Background: Kinases and phosphatases have an important role in the susceptibility and clinical variability of cardiac diseases. We have recently reported an association between a phosphoprotein phosphatase controlled by Acid Phosphatase locus 1 (ACP1), and Coronary artery disease (CAD) suggesting an effect on the susceptibility to this disease. In the present note we have investigated a possible role of ACP1 in the variability of clinical parameters of cardiac function.

The association of PTPN22 polymorphism with endometriosis: effect of genetic and clinical factors.

Objective: To investigate the possible effect of clinical and genetic variables on the association between PTPN22 and endometriosis.

Methods: PTPN22, ACP₁ and p53 codon 72 genetic polymorphisms and duration of previous pharmacological treatment were studied. The study sample consisted of 132 women hospitalized for endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopic intervention and histologically confirmed: 359 healthy blood donors were studied as controls.

ACP1 genetic polymorphism and spermatic parameters in men with varicocele.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors (PDGFRs) play a key role in the regulation of the embryonic and postnatal development of male gonads. PDGF deficiency is associated with severe spermatogenic impairment. ACP1 is a phosphoprotein tyrosine phosphatase that is able to dephosphorylate PDGFR, decreasing its activity as growth factor.