Quality Assessment of Internet Information Regarding Periodontitis in Persons Living with HIV.

The Internet is the most used source of HIV information second to information received from healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of Internet information about periodontitis in people living with HIV (PLWH). An Internet search was performed on 18 April 2024 using the search terms "Periodontitis", "Periodontal disease", and "Gum disease" in combination with "HIV" in the most popular search engines (Google™, Bing™, and YAHOO!).

Periodontal inflammation as a potential driver of HIV low level viremia.

HIV can be successfully suppressed to undetectable levels by antiretroviral therapy (ART) in most people with HIV (PWH). However, a small proportion continues to have persistent low-level viremia (LLV) during ART. A presumed source of LLV is production or replication from viral reservoirs, which are maintained in the presence of ART.

Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Is Noninferior to Continuing Dolutegravir- and Non-Dolutegravir-Based Triple-Drug Antiretroviral Therapy in Virologically Suppressed People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: DUALING Prospective Nationwide Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Confirming the efficacy of dolutegravir/lamivudine in clinical practice solidifies recommendations on its use.

Methods: Prospective cohort study (DUALING) in 24 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment centers in the Netherlands. HIV RNA-suppressed cases were on triple-drug antiretroviral regimens without prior virological failure or resistance and started dolutegravir/lamivudine.

Dynamics of Low-Level Viremia and Immune Activation after Switching to a Darunavir-Based Regimen.

There is an ongoing debate regarding whether low-level viremia (LLV), in particular persistent LLV, during HIV treatment with optimal adherence originates from low-level viral replication, viral production, or both. We performed an observational study in 30 individuals with LLV who switched to a boosted darunavir (DRV)-based therapy. In-depth virological analyses were used to characterize the viral population and the (activity) of the viral reservoir.

COVID-19 epidemiology and performance of the WHO clinical algorithm to diagnose COVID-19 in people with HIV from Ukraine.

Background: The two main objectives were to evaluate the COVID-19 point prevalence and the test performance of the WHO case definition to diagnose COVID-19 clinically in people with HIV in West Ukraine.

Methods: Multicenter cross-sectional study in Lviv, Ukraine, from October 2020-November 2021. COVID-19 unvaccinated people with HIV were included regardless of COVID-19 symptoms at routine clinical visits and had standardized medical, quality of life (EQ(5D)) and SARS-CoV-2 serology assessments.

Can ultrasound of the major salivary glands differentiate Sjögren's disease from its major mimics?

Objectives: Ultrasound of the major salivary glands (SGUS) is widely used to assess the major salivary glands in Sjögren's disease (SjD). Little is known, however, regarding the diagnostic accuracy of SGUS to differentiate SjD from its mimics. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of SGUS in differentiating SjD from other diseases with salivary gland involvement.

Long-Term Trends of Coagulation Parameters in People Living With HIV Treated With Combined Antiretroviral Therapy.

Trends of coagulation parameters during long-term treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are unclear. We followed 40 male subjects living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Plasma levels of procoagulant parameters, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor and D-dimer, and anticoagulant parameter Protein S (PS), were measured before start and 3 months, 1 year, and 9 years after.

Correction: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV in the Netherlands: A nationwide prospective cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.

Diagnosis and treatment of vascular graft and endograft infections: a structured clinical approach.

A vascular graft or endograft infection (VGEI) is a severe complication that can occur after vascular graft or endograft surgery and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. A multidisciplinary approach, consisting of a team of vascular surgeons, infectious diseases specialists, medical microbiologists, radiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, and hospital pharmacists, is needed to adequately diagnose and treat VGEI. A structured diagnostic, antibiotic, and surgical treatment algorithm helps clinical decision making and ultimately aims to improve the clinical outcome of patients with a VGEI.

Immune markers and microbial factors are related with periodontitis severity in people with HIV.

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess systemic immune markers and microbial factors related to periodontitis severity in people living with HIV.

Methods: Eighty people living with HIV (PLWH), who exhibited in the last two viral load measurements < 40 copies/mL, underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations and sub-gingival plaque sampling. Periodontitis was classified according to the CDC-AAP case definition.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV in the Netherlands: A nationwide prospective cohort study.

Background: Vaccines can be less immunogenic in people living with HIV (PLWH), but for SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations this is unknown. In this study we set out to investigate, for the vaccines currently approved in the Netherlands, the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in PLWH.

Methods And Findings: We conducted a prospective cohort study to examine the immunogenicity of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1-S, and Ad26.

Psychological distress among frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Novel virus outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may increase psychological distress among frontline workers. Psychological distress may lead to reduced performance, reduced employability or even burnout. In the present study, we assessed experienced psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic from a self-determination theory perspective.

HCV micro-elimination in individuals with HIV in the Netherlands 4 years after universal access to direct-acting antivirals: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: In the Netherlands, access to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been unrestricted for chronic infection since 2015. We evaluated whether the nationwide incidence of HCV infections in individuals with HIV has changed since 2015.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data from the ATHENA cohort of people with HIV aged 18 years or older attending any of the 24 HIV treatment centres in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2019 were assessed.

Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infections increase mortality, pulmonary complications, and thromboembolic events: A Dutch, multicenter, matched-cohort clinical study.

Background: A direct comparison of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive patients with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 negative control group undergoing an operative intervention during the current pandemic is lacking, and a reliable estimate of the assumed difference in morbidity and mortality between both patient categories remains unknown.

Methods: We included all consecutive patients with a confirmed pre- or postoperative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive status (operated in 27 hospitals) and negative control patients (operated in 4 hospitals) undergoing emergency or elective operations. A propensity score-matched comparison of clinical outcomes was performed between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive and negative tested patients (control group).

Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with HIV infection: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Multiple studies have described a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in people living with an HIV infection (PWH). However, data on the risk of recurrent VTE in this population are lacking, although this question is more important for clinical practice. This study aims to estimate the risk of recurrent VTE in PWH compared to controls and to identify risk factors for recurrence within this population.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV infected late presenters starting integrase inhibitor containing antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Integrase inhibitors (INI) induce a rapid decline of HIV-RNA in plasma and CD4 T-cell recovery in blood. Both characteristics are also associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Whether the use of INI-containing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) increases the risk of IRIS is being questioned.

Incidence of a first venous thrombotic event in people with HIV in the Netherlands: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The risk of venous thrombotic events is elevated in people with HIV, but overall risk estimates and estimates specific to immune status and antiretroviral medication remain i mprecise. In this study, we aimed to estimate these parameters in a large cohort of people with HIV in the Netherlands.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used the Dutch ATHENA cohort to estimate crude, age and sex standardised, and risk period-specific incidences of a first venous thrombotic event in people with HIV aged 18 years or older attending 12 HIV treatment centres in the Netherlands.

Vaccination with Fendrix of prior nonresponding patients with HIV has a high success rate.

Background: Patients with HIV have a poor serological conversion rate with the standard vaccination strategy against hepatitis B virus (HBV) of around 50%. Vaccination with Fendrix confers much better results in these patients. In this study, we tested the effect of revaccination with Fendrix in prior nonresponding patients with HIV and aimed to determine which factors are associated with seroconversion.

Treatment of acute hepatitis C genotypes 1 and 4 with 8 weeks of grazoprevir plus elbasvir (DAHHS2): an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 3b trial.

Background: Direct-acting antivirals effectively treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but there is a paucity of data on their efficacy for acute HCV, when immediate treatment could prevent onward transmission. We assessed the efficacy of grazoprevir plus elbasvir treatment in acute HCV infection and investigated whether treatment can be shortened during the acute phase of HCV infection.

Methods: The Dutch Acute HCV in HIV study number 2 (DAHHS2) study was a single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 3b trial.

Severe periodontitis is more common in HIV- infected patients.

Objective: To assess periodontitis prevalence and severity in HIV infected patients as compared to controls. Furthermore, to assess whether HIV infection characteristics are associated with periodontitis.

Design: cross-sectional controlled study.

Darunavir Population Pharmacokinetic Model Based on HIV Outpatient Data.

Background: Darunavir is a second-generation protease inhibitor and is registered for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a darunavir population pharmacokinetic model based on data from daily practice.

Methods: Data sets were obtained from 2 hospitals: ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, Italy (hospital A), and University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands (hospital B).