Inclisiran as a siRNA Inhibitor of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9); Past, Present, and Future.

Reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels has been shown to reduce the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Statins are the foundation of LDL-C lowering therapy with other non-statin agents used in circumstances where goal LDL-C levels are not reached or owing to intolerance to adverse effects of statins. In 2003, the discovery of the role of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) system in promoting elevated LDL-C levels led to new avenues of drug development to achieve target LDL-C.

Management of patients with Reflex Vasovagal syncope with a protocol involving a yoga maneuver Tadasana.

Background: There is no universally followed protocol for managing Reflex Vasovagal syncope (VVS).

Methods: VVS patients were treated with a 2 step protocol. Step I - counseling, hydration, physiotherapy, and Tadasana Yoga maneuver.

Genes divided according to the relative position of the longest intron show increased representation in different KEGG pathways.

Despite the fact that introns mean an energy and time burden for eukaryotic cells, they play an irreplaceable role in the diversification and regulation of protein production. As a common feature of eukaryotic genomes, it has been reported that in protein-coding genes, the longest intron is usually one of the first introns. The goal of our work was to find a possible difference in the biological function of genes that fulfill this common feature compared to genes that do not.

Cosmeceuticals: A transit state from synthetic to natural.

Cosmeceuticals are topically applied cosmetic products containing a biologically active ingredient with a pharmaceutical effect that improves, nourishes, and treats the skin appearance. The trend of cosmeceuticals began during the mid-20th century due to its potent ingredients with therapeutic effects for various skin ailments. Even though there is a great advancement in cosmetics, which shows the risk of cosmetic linked melanoma, endocrine disorders, and birth defects which was one in 1500 people during 1935 have increased to one in 75 people in 2000.

Stellate ganglion ablation by conventional radiofrequency in patients with electrical storm.

Aims: We report a series of patients with Electrical Storm (ES) who underwent bilateral stellate ganglion ablation by using conventional radio frequency (RFA).

Methods And Results: The procedure was done with fluoroscopic guidance using the COSMAN™ 1A RF Generator and a 22G RF needle (5 cm length and 5 mm active tip). Six patients, four male and two female (mean age 55 ± 7 years and mean LVEF-42 ± 21%) with ES underwent the procedure under fluoroscopic guidance.

Spina bifida management in low- and middle-income countries - a comprehensive policy approach.

Introduction: Globally, spina bifida (SB) occurs more often in low- and middle-income countries, where the healthcare demands are often quite challenging. Several social/societal issues and/or lack of government support makes for incomplete SB management in many areas. Clearly, neurosurgeons should be knowledgeable about initial closure techniques and the basics of SB management, but must also advocate for the patients outside our immediate scope of care.

Laser Capture Microdissection: A Gear for Pancreatic Cancer Research.

The advancement in molecular techniques has been attributed to the quality and significance of cancer research. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the rare cancers with aggressive behavior and a high mortality rate. The asymptomatic nature of the disease until its advanced stage has resulted in late diagnosis as well as poor prognosis.

An objective assessment of microneedling therapy in atrophic facial acne scars.

Context: Microneedling therapy is one of the recent advances in treating acne facial scars.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of microneedling therapy in the treatment of atrophic acne facial scars.

Settings And Design: A total number of 10 patients between the age group of 20 and 40 years (8 women and 2 men) who complained of acne scars from November 2012 to August 2014 were selected for the study.

Classification and surgical management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a review.

The paper reviews various classifications and surgical techniques for the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using a combination of keywords. Articles related to classification, resection-reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint, and management of airway obstruction were considered and categorized based on the objectives.

Combined effect of mineralogical and chemical parameters on swelling behaviour of expansive soils.

Microlevel properties such as mineralogical and chemical compositions greatly control the macro behaviour of expansive soils. In this paper, the combined effect of mineral (i.e.

Incremental value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement by Cardiac MRI in risk stratification of heart failure patients with moderate and severe LV dysfunction.

Objective: This is a prospective study of patients with LVEF ≤40%, with the objective of correlating CV events to LGE detected and quantified by CMRI.

Methods: Heart Failure (HF) patients with LVEF <40% who underwent CMRI were included. LGE volume of ≥6% of the myocardial volume was considered significant.

Efficacy of Sodium Hyaluronate for Temporomandibular Joint Disorder by Single-Puncture Arthrocentesis.

Background: The term temporomandibular joint internal derangement has characteristic clinical findings such as restricted mouth opening, pain, irregular deviated jaw function and clicking sounds. The technique of TMJ arthrocentesis has gained widespread acceptance as a simple and effective technique for the treatment of acute persistent closed lock of the TMJ. Arthrocentesis is known as the lavage and lysis of upper joint compartment.

Management of electrical storm of unstable ventricular tachycardia in post myocardial infarction patients: A single centre experience.

Objective: This is a case series of consecutive patients with past myocardial infarction presenting with Electrical Storm (ES) of unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT) treated by a protocol directed algorithm.

Methods: Management protocol involved treatment of reversible causes, ventilatory & hemodynamic support, administration of antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) & maximally tolerated doses of beta-blockers, stellate ganglionectomy and Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) guided by Electro Anatomic Mapping (EAM). Patients were followed up periodically with review of device data logs.

Genetic variants in post myocardial infarction patients presenting with electrical storm of unstable ventricular tachycardia.

Electrical storm (ES) is a life threatening clinical situation. Though a few clinical pointers exist, the occurrence of ES in a patient with remote myocardial infarction (MI) is generally unpredictable. Genetic markers for this entity have not been studied.

Ridge preservation using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate (β-TCP/HA) bone graft substitute-a clinical, radiological, and histological study.

Background: Post-Extraction ridge preservation using bone graft substitutes is a conservative technique to maintain the width of the alveolar ridge. The objective of the present study was to evaluate an in situ hardening biphasic (HA/β-TCP) bone graft substitutes for ridge preservation without primary wound closure or a dental membrane.

Methods: A total of 15 patients reported for tooth extraction were enrolled in this study.

Minimally Invasive Alveolar Ridge Preservation Utilizing an In Situ Hardening β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Substitute: A Multicenter Case Series.

Ridge preservation measures, which include the filling of extraction sockets with bone substitutes, have been shown to reduce ridge resorption, while methods that do not require primary soft tissue closure minimize patient morbidity and decrease surgical time and cost. In a case series of 10 patients requiring single extraction, in situ hardening beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) were utilized as a grafting material that does not necessitate primary wound closure. After 4 months, clinical observations revealed excellent soft tissue healing without loss of attached gingiva in all cases.

Comparison of platelet rich plasma and synthetic graft material for bone regeneration after third molar extraction.

Aims: To compare the efficacy of Platelet rich plasma and synthetic graft material for bone regeneration after bilateral third molar extraction.

Material And Methods: This study was conducted in 10 patients visiting the outpatient department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Yenepoya Dental College & Hospital. Patients requiring extraction of bilateral mandibular third molars were taken for the study.

Comparison of the safety and efficacy of fixed-dose combination of arterolane maleate and piperaquine phosphate with chloroquine in acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria: a phase III, multicentric, open-label study.

Background: Chloroquine has been the treatment of choice for acute vivax malaria for more than 60 years. Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax has recently shown resistance to chloroquine in some places. This study compared the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination (FDC) of arterolane maleate and piperaquine phosphate (PQP) with chloroquine in the treatment of uncomplicated vivax malaria.

Rehabilitation of edentulous atrophic anterior mandible - the role of vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis.

The rehabilitation of patients with edentulous alveolar ridge is always a challenge, more so in case of a long standing atrophic mandible. Mandible, the largest movable bone in the maxillofacial skeleton is associated with many soft tissue attachments which imparts dislodging forces to prosthesis. In addition to this, the rate of resorption of the mandibular ridge is four times that of the maxilla.

Renal sympathetic denervation for resistant , hypertension--a novel treatment strategy.

Uncontrolled Hypertension(HTN) accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. Despite newer drugs hypertension remains uncontrolled in approximately a third of the patients. The overall prevalence of hypertension in adults > 20 years was 30% in men and 34% in women in 2002.