Improving Real-Time Feedback During Cochlear Implantation: The Auditory Nerve Neurophonic/Cochlear Microphonic Ratio.

Objectives: Real-time monitoring of cochlear function to predict the loss of residual hearing after cochlear implantation is now possible. Current approaches monitor the cochlear microphonic (CM) during implantation from the electrode at the tip of the implant. A drop in CM response of >30% is associated with poorer hearing outcomes.

Evaluation of the ActiMotus Software to Accurately Classify Postures and Movements in Children Aged 3-14.

Background: ActiMotus, a thigh-accelerometer-based software used for the classification of postures and movements (PaMs), has shown high accuracy among adults and school-aged children; however, its accuracy among younger children and potential differences between sexes are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ActiMotus to measure PaMs among children between 3 and 14 years and to assess if this was influenced by the sex or age of children.

Method: Forty-eight children attended a structured ~1-hour data collection session at a laboratory.

The association between bullying victimization and back pain in young people: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Back pain is a common and recurrent health complaint in adolescence. Psychosocial factors may be associated with the onset and persistence of back pain symptoms. This systematic review aims to determine the association between bullying victimization and back pain in young people.

Measurement Method Options to Investigate Digital Screen Technology Use by Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review.

The role and potential impact of digital screen technology in the lives of children is heavily debated. Current evidence is limited by the weakness of measures typically used to characterise screen use, predominantly proxy- or self-reports with known inaccuracy and bias. However, robust and detailed evidence is needed to provide practical trustworthy guidance to families and professionals working with families.

Understanding patient preferences for student clinician attire: a cross-sectional study of a student chiropractic clinic in Australia.

Objectives: Previous studies have investigated the role of clinical attire in establishing patient-held perceptions of professionalism and knowledgeability across various healthcare settings. This study aimed to understand patients' preferences for chiropractic student attire.

Methods: Three hundred and twenty patients were recruited from a university chiropractic clinic and asked to complete an online questionnaire.

Traditional medicinal plants in the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and experimental evidence.

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use of conventional antiparasitic drugs is often inhibited due to limited availability, side effects or parasite resistance. Medicinal plants can be used as alternatives or adjuncts to current antiparasitic therapies.

In silico enhancer mining reveals SNS-032 and EHMT2 inhibitors as therapeutic candidates in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Background: Epigenomic dysregulation has been linked to solid tumour malignancies, including ovarian cancers. Profiling of re-programmed enhancer locations associated with disease has the potential to improve stratification and thus therapeutic choices. Ovarian cancers are subdivided into histological subtypes that have significant molecular and clinical differences, with high-grade serous carcinoma representing the most common and aggressive subtype.

Bromodomain inhibitor i-BET858 triggers a unique transcriptional response coupled to enhanced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in high-grade ovarian carcinoma cells.

Background: Ovarian cancer has a specific unmet clinical need, with a persistently poor 5-year survival rate observed in women with advanced stage disease warranting continued efforts to develop new treatment options. The amplification of BRD4 in a significant subset of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSC) has led to the development of BET inhibitors (BETi) as promising antitumour agents that have subsequently been evaluated in phase I/II clinical trials. Here, we describe the molecular effects and ex vivo preclinical activities of i-BET858, a bivalent pan-BET inhibitor with proven in vivo BRD inhibitory activity.

Genotype and Phenotype Analyses of a Novel Variant (c.2512C>T p.(Pro838Ser)) Associated with DFNA6/14/38.

The aim of this study is to contribute to a better description of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of DFNA6/14/38 and aid in counseling future patients identified with this variant. Therefore, we describe the genotype and phenotype in a large Dutch-German family (W21-1472) with autosomal dominant non-syndromic, low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFSNHL). Exome sequencing and targeted analysis of a hearing impairment gene panel were used to genetically screen the proband.

Reliability and validity of physical examination tests for the assessment of ankle instability.

Introduction: Clinicians rely on certain physical examination tests to diagnose and potentially grade ankle sprains and ankle instability. Diagnostic error and inaccurate prognosis may have important repercussions for clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Therefore, it is important to recognize the diagnostic value of orthopaedic tests through understanding the reliability and validity of these tests.

No associations between C-reactive protein and spinal pain trajectories in children and adolescents (CHAMPS study-DK).

Preliminary evidence points to a link between C-reactive protein (CRP) and spinal pain in adults. However, there is a paucity of research in younger populations. Therefore, we aimed to determine associations between CRP and spinal pain in childhood and adolescence.

Monitoring Cochlear Health With Intracochlear Electrocochleography During Cochlear Implantation: Findings From an International Clinical Investigation.

Objectives: Electrocochleography (ECochG) is emerging as a tool for monitoring cochlear function during cochlear implant (CI) surgery. ECochG may be recorded directly from electrodes on the implant array intraoperatively. For low-frequency stimulation, its amplitude tends to rise or may plateau as the electrode is inserted.

Exploring 1st- and 2nd-year chiropractic students' willingness and attitudes toward peer physical examination.

Objective: This study aimed to explore chiropractic students' perceptions and attitudes about the appropriateness of peer physical examination as a teaching tool and their willingness and comfort with it.

Methods: A modified version of a validated questionnaire was used. First- and 2nd-year chiropractic students at Murdoch University were approached during their practical sessions.

Acyl-Ghrelin Attenuates Neurochemical and Motor Deficits in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson's Disease.

The feeding-related hormone, acyl-ghrelin, protects dopamine neurones in murine 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-based models of experimental Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the potential protective effect of acyl-ghrelin on substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) dopaminergic neurones and consequent behavioural correlates in the more widely used 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB) lesion model of PD are unknown. To address this question, acyl-ghrelin levels were raised directly by mini-pump infusion for 7 days prior to unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the MFB with assessment of amphetamine-induced rotations on days 27 and 35, and immunohistochemical analysis of dopaminergic neurone survival.

The relationships between physical activity, lumbar multifidus muscle morphology, and low back pain from childhood to early adulthood: a 12-year longitudinal study.

We investigated the longitudinal associations between physical activity (PA), lumbar multifidus morphology, and impactful low back pain (LBP) in young people. Nine-year-old children were recruited from 25 primary schools and followed up at age 13, 16, and 21 years. We measured PA with accelerometers at age 9, 13, and 16; quantified patterns of lumbar multifidus intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) change from 13 to 16 years using magnetic resonance imaging; and recorded LBP and its impact with standardised questionnaires and interviews.

Electrically evoked auditory cortical responses elicited from individually fitted stimulation parameters in cochlear implant users.

Objective: To investigate electrically evoked auditory cortical responses (eACR) elicited from the stimulation of intracochlear electrodes based on individually fitted stimulation parameters in cochlear implant (CI) users.

Design: An eACR setup based on individual fitting parameters is proposed. A 50-ms alternating biphasic pulse train was used to stimulate apical, medial, and basal electrodes and to evoke auditory cortical potentials (N1-P2 complex).

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of Pathogenic Variants in DFNA9: A HuGE Systematic Review and Audiometric Meta-Analysis.

Pathogenic missense variants in are associated with DFNA9, an autosomal dominantly inherited type of progressive sensorineural hearing loss with or without vestibular dysfunction. This study is a comprehensive overview of genotype-phenotype correlations using the PRISMA and HuGENet guidelines. Study characteristics, risk of bias, genotyping and data on the self-reported age of onset, symptoms of vestibular dysfunction, normative test results for vestibular function, and results of audiovestibular examinations were extracted for each underlying pathogenic variant.

A retrospective cohort study exploring the association between different mitochondrial diseases and hearing loss.

Some pathogenic variants in mtDNA and nuclear DNA, affecting mitochondrial function, are associated with hearing loss. Behavioral and electrophysiological auditory performance are obtained from 62 patients, clinically diagnosed with different mitochondrial diseases (MD) using tone/speech audiometry and Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR). Audiological variables (hearing loss type, pure tone average (PTA), interaural asymmetry, speech perception and brainstem neural conductivity) were analyzed and related to Newcastle Mitochondrial Disease Scale for Adults (NMDAS).

Intracorporeal Cortical Telemetry as a Step to Automatic Closed-Loop EEG-Based CI Fitting: A Proof of Concept.

Electrically evoked auditory potentials have been used to predict auditory thresholds in patients with a cochlear implant (CI). However, with exception of electrically evoked compound action potentials (eCAP), conventional extracorporeal EEG recording devices are still needed. Until now, built-in (intracorporeal) back-telemetry options are limited to eCAPs.

Auditory brainstem response prior to MRI compared to standalone MRI in the detection of vestibular schwannoma: A modelling study.

Objectives: To determine the cost-effectiveness of auditory brainstem response prior to MRI (ABR-MRI) compared to standalone MRI to diagnose vestibular schwannoma.

Design: A state transition model was developed to simulate costs and effects (quality-adjusted life years [QALY]) for both diagnostic strategies for patients suspected of a vestibular schwannoma. Model input was derived from literature, hospital databases and expert opinions.