Obstacles to timely emergency messaging for acute incidents.

Emergency alerts, warnings, and notifications (AWN) help protect the public by communicating information about impending hazards to encourage protective actions. Three key subsystems compose AWN systems: (1) detection; (2) management; and (3) response. While much research regarding the detection and response subsystems exists, few studies focus on the management subsystem.

ADHD and factor analysis: are there really three distinct subtypes of ADHD?

The diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a behaviorally defined disorder, have been changed several times since first established in the second edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In the current edition, the diagnosis includes three reportedly distinct subtypes. Despite considerable research, there remains little evidence of the diagnostic validity of three separate ADHD subtypes.