Who to Boost When: The Effect of Age and Dosing Interval on Delta and Omicron COVID-19 Incidence in the Open-label Phase of the COVE Trial.

Background: To help inform COVID-19 vaccination recommendations, we evaluated the impact of age and dosing interval on clinical benefit of a third dose of mRNA-1273.

Methods: Approximately 17 000 participants from the phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy trial who previously received 2 doses of 100 µg mRNA-1273 were evaluated for COVID-19 between September 2021 and April 2022 during uptake of a third booster dose of 50 µg of mRNA-1273. Cox models assessed booster relative efficacy of a third dose.

Evaluation of a new soluble transferrin receptor assay and comparison to three measurement procedures.

Background: Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a useful marker in the differentiation of anemia. Clinical utility is limited by lack of standardization between measurement procedures and interpretative recommendations. Our objective was to evaluate the analytical performance of a research sTfR immunoturbidimetric assay (Alinity c, Abbott Diagnostics) and compare it to three established measurement procedures.

European Society of Organ Transplantation (ESOT) Consensus Statement on Machine Perfusion in Cardiothoracic Transplant.

The machine perfusion (MP) of transplantable grafts has emerged as an upcoming field in Cardiothoracic (CT) transplantation during the last decade. This technology carries the potential to assess, preserve, and even recondition thoracic grafts before transplantation, so it is a possible game-changer in the field. This technology field has reached a critical turning point, with a growing number of publications coming predominantly from a few leading institutions, but still need solid scientific evidence.

Long-term effects of group rights to fisheries: Evaluating the Western Alaska Community Development Quota program.

Restricting access to fisheries and other common property resources through creation of individual transferable rights has been documented to create wealth and promote conservation, but has also reduced employment and increased inequality in fishing communities. Creating group rights instead of individual rights has been suggested as an alternative strategy that could realize the benefits with diminished social cost; however, little independent evaluation of actual implementations of group rights to fisheries has occurred. The Western Alaska Community Development Quota (CDQ) program represents an example of allocation of group fishery rights to six not-for-profit organizations representing 65 small, largely Indigenous coastal communities.

A blood-based biomarker panel for non-invasive diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The current diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its severe form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is suboptimal. Here, we recruited 700 individuals, including 184 from Hong Kong as a discovery cohort and 516 from San Diego, Wenzhou, and Hong Kong as three validation cohorts. A panel of 3 parameters (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10], cytokeratin 18 fragments M30 [CK-18], and adjusted body mass index [BMI]) was formulated (termed N3-MASH), which discriminated patients with MASLD from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.

The Bridge Builder: Charity Scott's Expansive Vision for Lawyers, Health, and Society.

Balancing on a tightrope twenty feet above the ground is outside the comfort zones of many health law professors. Being there forces you to consider in new ways yourself, your skills, and your surroundings. Fears arise, and yet you must still act.

Multi-parametric thrombus profiling microfluidics detects intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis associated with hypertension and aging.

Arterial thrombosis is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with no effective bioassay for clinical prediction. As a symbolic feature of arterial thrombosis, severe stenosis in the blood vessel creates a high-shear, high-gradient flow environment that facilitates platelet aggregation towards vessel occlusion. Here, we present a thrombus profiling assay that monitors the multi-dimensional attributes of thrombi forming in such biomechanical conditions.

Variable and dynamic associations between hot weather, thermal comfort, and individuals' emotional states during summertime.

The effects of heat exposure on negative affect are thought to be central to the observed relationships between hot summer days and deleterious outcomes, such as violent crime or mental health crises. As these relationships are likely to be magnified by the effects of climate change, a better understanding of how consistent or variable the effects of hot weather on affective states is required. The current work combines data gathered from an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study on individuals' thermal perceptions, comfort, and affective states in outdoor environments during their daily lives with high spatiotemporal resolution climate-modeled weather variables.

Severe early graft dysfunction post-heart transplantation: Two clinical trajectories and diastolic perfusion pressure as a predictor of mechanical circulatory support.

Background: Severe early graft dysfunction (EGD) is defined by mechanical circulatory support (MCS) <24 hours of heart transplantation (HT). We classified severe EGD based on timing of post-HT MCS: ''Immediate'' intra-operative vs ''Delayed'' post-operative MCS (after admission into intensive care unit (ICU) from operating theater). We hypothesized that (1) risk factors and clinical course differ between ''Immediate'' and ''Delayed'' MCS; and (2) diastolic perfusion pressure (DPP=diastolic blood pressure-central venous pressure) and Norepinephrine equivalents (NE=sum of vasopressor doses), as measures of vasoplegia are related to ''Delayed'' MCS.

Efficacy and safety of commonly used thromboprophylaxis agents following hip and knee arthroplasty.

Aims: We investigated the efficacy and safety profile of commonly used venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis agents following hip and knee arthroplasty.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and OrthoSearch was performed. Prophylaxis agents investigated were aspirin (< 325 mg and ≥ 325 mg daily), enoxaparin, dalteparin, fondaparinux, unfractionated heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and dabigatran.

E-cigarette market share by nicotine claims.

Background: Nicotine forms (salt vs. freebase) and isomers (synthetic vs. tobacco-derived) are key characteristics of e-cigarettes that manufacturers manipulate, and "tobacco-free" claims may have served to attract new consumers and increase their intention to use.

A Novel Prescription Digital Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis are pressing public health problems occurring alongside the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes. This feasibility study explored the use of a novel prescription digital therapeutic (PDT) in this patient population.

Methods: A prospective, open-label study was conducted at two hepatology clinics.

Comparing behavioral measures of aggression in the laboratory: Taylor Aggression Paradigm versus Point-Subtraction Aggression Paradigm.

Aggression refers to a wide range of behaviors with lasting individual and societal consequences. Recurrent, unplanned aggressive behavior is the core diagnostic criterion for intermittent explosive disorder (IED). In this study, we compared two behavioral measures of aggression in the laboratory: the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) and the Point-Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP).

Multi-parametric thrombus profiling microfluidics detects intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis associated with hypertension and aging.

Arterial thrombosis, which represents a critical complication of cardiovascular diseases, is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with no effective bioassay for clinical prediction. As a symbolic feature of arterial thrombosis, severe stenosis in the blood vessel creates a high-shear, high-gradient flow environment that effectively facilitates platelet aggregation towards vessel occlusion even with platelet amplification loops inhibited. However, no approach is currently available to comprehensively characterize the size, composition and platelet activation status of thrombi forming under this biorheological condition.