Stretch reflex responses in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome-related dystonia are not characterized by hyperreflexia.

Objective: To evaluate if hyperreflexia (exaggerated reflexes) due to disinhibition is associated with dystonia in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).

Methods: Stretch reflexes at the wrist were assessed in healthy controls (n=10) and CRPS-patients with dystonia (n=10). Subjects exerted a wrist flexion torque of 5% of maximum voluntary contraction torque (T(MVC)) to a manipulandum which applied ramp-and-hold stretches to the wrist flexors.

Dehydrogenation of 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol in isolated perfused rabbit skin, skin homogenate and purified dehydrogenases.

The formation of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid from 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol was determined in (a) rabbit ears, single-pass perfused with a protein-free buffer, pH 7.4; (b) the microsomal fraction and its supernatant from homogenized rabbit skin; and (c) purified alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver and baker's yeast. The inhibition of product formation in (a) was about 60% by various 4-methylpyrazole concentrations, but metyrapone had no effect.

Absorption and metabolism of (all-trans-) retinol acetate, retinol, and retinoic acid in the single-pass, albumin-perfused rabbit ear.

Background: Retinoic acid, a metabolite of retinol, is formed in the skin of various species.

Purpose: Formation rates have not been determined in a dynamic skin perfusion model which may show the dehydrogenation of retinol to be rate limited.

Methods: (all-trans-) Retinol acetate, retinol, or retinoic acid was applied dermally with isopropyl myristate.

Influence of solubility and permeant size on absorption and metabolism of xenobiotics in rabbit skin.

1 In order to obtain an understanding of the risks associated with dermal uptake of xenobiotics it is necessary to investigate the principles governing percutaneous absorption and metabolism. The single-pass perfused rabbit ear served as a convenient model for the simultaneous study of absorption and metabolism of a variety of substances. We found: 2 When substances are applied in a lipophilic vehicle the permeation coefficient Kr is notably decreased when the distribution coefficient (n-octanol/perfusion buffer (pH 7.

Permethrin absorption not detected in single-pass perfused rabbit ear, and absorption with oxidation of 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol.

Isolated rabbit ears were single-pass perfused with a protein-free medium. Permethrin (0.05-23.

No effect of albumin on the dermal absorption rate of hydrocortisone 21-butyrate, permethrin or diflunisal in the isolated, single-pass perfused rabbit ear.

Rabbit ears were single-pass perfused with a buffer solution containing either 6% hetastarch or 5% bovine serum albumin. Hydrocortisone 21-butyrate (5 mM), diflunisal (17 mM) or permethrin (33 mM) was added to isopropyl myristate with 5% polyethylene, and applied to about 40% of the epithelial surface area of the ear. Hydrocortisone 21-butyrate or permethrin were not found in the effluent with hetastarch or albumin.

Absorption and metabolism of hydrocortisone 21-butyrate, 21-hemisuccinate and hydrocortisone by skin of the rabbit ear during single-pass perfusion.

1. Rabbit ear was single-pass perfused with protein-free buffer solution at a rate of 0.02 ml/min per cm2 surface area for up to 6 h.

Coronary arteriography by the percutaneous transfemoral technique in patients on intraaortic counterpulsation.

Presented are the results of the use of the transfemoral approach for coronary arteriography, as a safe alternative to the brachial approach, in evaluating patients in cardiogenic shock. Five patients, each with an intraaortic balloon pump device in operation, were evaluated. No complications were encountered using the transfemoral approach.

[Effect of gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis on leukopoiesis and granulocyte phagocytosis].

In 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis the investigations of leukopoiesis and granulocytic phagocytosis were carried out before and after a gold therapy. A marked reduction of granulocytic phagocytosis could be observed here which decreased after the gold therapy, yet remained below the values of a normal collective. Partly contrary informations are discussed.

[Fibrinolysis before and after gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis].

In 12 patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM were determined according to Mancini and the fibrinolytic split products according to Nilehn before and after a gold treatment of 3 to 6 months. The IgG values were always increased and even after the treatment there was only little regression. The fibrinolytic split products found in 5 cases speak in favour of an enhanced intravasal coagulation, which increased still further after the gold therapy.

[Behavior of the heparinocytes after gold therapy].

A reduction of the total leukocytes as well as a significant decrease of heparinocytes and BAI (basophilic age index) can be observed in rheumatoid arthritis in the course of a gold therapy. As some coagulation parameters simultaneously speak in favour of an enhancement of the intravasal coagulation, a partial blocking of the endogenous heparin caused by gold may be supposed. A combined heparin or heparinoid therapy in a low dosage is being recommended for risk patients of the vascular and coagulation system.

[Potency determination of horse anti-human-lymphocyte serum (ALS) by means of the lymphocyte resistance test, a modification of Schroder's leukocyte resistance test].

The leukocyte resistance test of Schröder was used for the purpose of modifying the in vitro determination of cytotoxic potency of ALS during the course of immunization. In contrast to the original method, where the test was carried out with whole blood, the incubation was made with pure lymphocyte cell suspensions. The results obtained show that the extensive procedure of examination enables the cytotoxic effectiveness of antilymphocytic antibodies to be evaluated.