A hybrid ruthenium alkynyl/zinc porphyrin "Cross Fourchée" with large cubic NLO properties.

A new Zn(ii) porphyrin-cored ruthenium alkynyl dendrimer (2) containing twelve Ru(κ(2)-dppe)2 bis-alkynyl fragments has been prepared in two steps from 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-ethynylphenyl)porphyrinatozinc(ii) and shown to be highly active for third-harmonic generation (THG) at 1907 nm.

Respecting the circle of life: one year outcomes from a randomized controlled comparison of an HIV risk reduction intervention for American Indian adolescents.

Potential for widespread transmission of HIV/AIDS among American Indian (AI) adolescents exists, yet no evidence-based interventions (EBIs) have been adapted and evaluated with this population. Intensive psychoeducation may improve knowledge and decision-making which could potentially translate to reductions in HIV risk behaviors. A peer group randomized controlled comparison of an adapted EBI vs.

Large electric-field-induced strain in centrosymmetric crystals of a dipolar ruthenium alkynyl complex.

Dipolar molecular crystals present different physical properties from traditionally strongly correlated ionic solid-state inorganic crystals due to the weak intermolecular bonding. Herein, centrosymmetric dipolar molecular crystals of the organoruthenium complex trans-[Ru(C≡CC6H4-4-NO2)(C≡CPh)(dppe)2] [dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane] display a large electric-field-induced strain behaving differently from conventional piezoelectric materials that must, structurally, be noncentrosymmetric. Further studies of related systematically varied crystalline organoruthenium complexes reveal that the strong electromechanical coupling effect is not from classical ferroelectricity, electrostriction, flexoelectricity or electrochemical strain.

The Respecting the Circle of Life trial for American Indian adolescents: rationale, design, methods, and baseline characteristics.

This paper describes the rationale, design, methods, and baseline results of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of an adapted evidence-based intervention (EBI), "Respecting the Circle of Life" (RCL) to reduce behavioral risks for HIV/AIDS among American Indian (AI) adolescents. A participatory approach shaped intervention adaptation and study design. A total of 267 participants (aged 13-19) were randomized by peer groups of the same sex to receive the RCL intervention or a control condition.

Autophagy in diabetes: β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and complications.

Autophagy functions to degrade and recycle intracellular proteins and damaged organelles, maintaining the normal cellular function. Autophagy has been shown to play an important role in regulating normal function of pancreatic β cells and insulin-target tissues, such as skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Enhanced autophagy also acts as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress in these tissues.

Widespread parallel population adaptation to climate variation across a radiation: implications for adaptation to climate change.

Global warming will impact species in a number of ways, and it is important to know the extent to which natural populations can adapt to anthropogenic climate change by natural selection. Parallel microevolution within separate species can demonstrate natural selection, but several studies of homoplasy have not yet revealed examples of widespread parallel evolution in a generic radiation. Taking into account primary phylogeographic divisions, we investigate numerous quantitative traits (size, shape, scalation, colour pattern and hue) in anole radiations from the mountainous Lesser Antillean islands.

Evaluation of the implementation and impact of an integrated prevention model on the academic progress of students with disabilities.

In this paper we report on the implementation and impact of an integrated prevention model (Achievement for All - AfA) to improve the educational experiences and outcomes of students with disabilities. It comprises three inter-related strands: assessment, tracking and intervention; structured conversations with parents; and, developing provision for wider outcomes. Participants were 12,038 students with disabilities from 431 mainstream primary and secondary schools across 10 Local Authorities in England involved in the two-year AfA pilot.

The future of ancient DNA: Technical advances and conceptual shifts.

Technological innovations such as next generation sequencing and DNA hybridisation enrichment have resulted in multi-fold increases in both the quantity of ancient DNA sequence data and the time depth for DNA retrieval. To date, over 30 ancient genomes have been sequenced, moving from 0.7× coverage (mammoth) in 2008 to more than 50× coverage (Neanderthal) in 2014.

Label-free hyperspectral nonlinear optical microscopy of the biofuel micro-algae Haematococcus Pluvialis.

We consider multi-modal four-wave mixing microscopies to be ideal tools for the in vivo study of carotenoid distributions within the important biofuel microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis. We show that hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy generates non-invasive, quantitative real-time concentrations maps of intracellular carotenoid distributions in live algae.

Paraprofessional-delivered home-visiting intervention for American Indian teen mothers and children: 3-year outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The Affordable Care Act provides funding for home-visiting programs to reduce health care disparities, despite limited evidence that existing programs can overcome implementation and evaluation challenges with at-risk populations. The authors report 36-month outcomes of the paraprofessional-delivered Family Spirit home-visiting intervention for American Indian teen mothers and children.

Method: Expectant American Indian teens (N=322, mean age=18.

Self-administered sample collection for screening of sexually transmitted infection among reservation-based American Indian youth.

American Indians suffer a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infection, particularly adolescents. Screening access barriers in rural and reservation-based communities necessitate alternatives to clinic-based options. Self-administered screening for three sexually transmitted infections was piloted among 32 American Indian adolescents aged 18 to 19.

Anatomical and physiological regulation of post-fire carbon and water exchange in canopies of two resprouting Eucalyptus species.

The great majority of Eucalyptus spp. are facultative resprouters, and they dominate the eucalypt forests of Australia. Despite this numeric and geographic dominance, there is a general lack of knowledge of their capacity for carbon capture and water loss during canopy reinstation.

Immunoblotting for the serodiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in alive and dead Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber).

A novel species-specific anti-beaver-IgG-alkaline-phosphatase conjugate was synthesized for the development of a new serological test for echinococcosis in beavers. Two different ELISAs conventionally used for human Echinococcus multilocularis serology (Em18-ELISA and Em2-ELISA) yielded diagnostic sensitivities of 0% and 46%, respectively. In contrast, the subsequently developed immunoblotting assay gave an 85% diagnostic sensitivity (11 out of 13 beavers with alveolar echinococcosis were immunoblotting-positive, i.

External iliac artery dissection causing early renal transplant dysfunction.

External iliac artery dissection after kidney transplantation is a rare, catastrophic but potentially reversible complication. Treatment which may save both the transplant and the patient requires clinical suspicion, timely imaging, and prompt intervention. This case report describes successful diagnosis of this complication and surgical intervention which saved the kidney and safeguarded blood supply to the patient's leg.

Novel in-situ longitudinal model for the study of dentifrices on dental erosion-abrasion.

A novel longitudinal erosion-abrasion in-situ model was proposed. In an exploratory test (phase 1) toothbrushing effect was investigated using a parallel design, whereas in the main study (phases 1 + 2), a crossover design tested the effect of fluoride dentifrice. In phase 1, 16 subjects (n = 5-6 subjects per group) wore partial dentures with enamel specimens for 28 d and adhered to one of the following treatment regimens: regimen A, erosion only; regimen B, erosion + toothbrushing with fluoride-containing dentifrice [1,100 ppm of fluoride as sodium fluoride (NaF)]; and regimen C, erosion + toothbrushing with placebo dentifrice (0 ppm fluoride).

The role of illness beliefs and coping in the adjustment to dentine hypersensitivity.

Aim: Dentine hypersensitivity is a common oral health problem, however, there has been little research on how people cope with this condition. This study aimed to quantify the effects of illness beliefs and coping strategies on the health outcomes of individuals with dentine hypersensitivity.

Materials And Methods: Participants were purposively sampled from students and staff in one large UK University and 101 self-diagnosed dentine hypersensitivity sufferers participated in the longitudinal study.

Cochleovestibular nerve development is integrated with migratory neural crest cells.

The cochleovestibular (CV) nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain, is the nerve that enables the senses of hearing and balance. The aim of this study was to document the morphological development of the mouse CV nerve with respect to the two embryonic cells types that produce it, specifically, the otic vesicle-derived progenitors that give rise to neurons, and the neural crest cell (NCC) progenitors that give rise to glia. Otic tissues of mouse embryos carrying NCC lineage reporter transgenes were whole mount immunostained to identify neurons and NCC.