Accelerated Evolution of the Regulatory Sequences of Brain Development in the Human Genome.

Genetic modifications in noncoding regulatory regions are likely critical to human evolution. Human-accelerated noncoding elements are highly conserved noncoding regions among vertebrates but have large differences across humans, which implies human-specific regulatory potential. In this study, we found that human-accelerated noncoding elements were frequently coupled with DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs), together with monomethylated and trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4, which are active regulatory markers.

The photocatalytic destruction of cimetidine using microwave-assisted TiO photocatalysts hybrid system.

Microwave/Microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/Dissolved Oxygen/TiO photocatalyst hybrid system was applied to evaluate the photocatalytic degradation behavior of cimetidine, one of the waste drug components. The effects of microwave intensity, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on the reaction rate of cimetidine (CMT) degradation were experimentally evaluated. In addition, the CMT decomposition reactions were compared by the combination of unit technologies of the hybrid system.

Delta neutrophil index for predicting mortality in trauma patients who underwent emergent abdominal surgery: A case controlled study.

Background: Delta neutrophil index (DNI) can be used as a biomarker for infection to predict patient outcomes. We aimed to investigate the relationship between DNI and clinical outcomes in trauma patients who underwent abdominal surgery.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed injured patients who underwent emergent abdominal surgery in the regional trauma center of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital between March 2016 and May 2018.

A randomized controlled trial of a combination of antiviral and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory treatment in a bovine model of respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Introduction: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a valid model for human RSV and an important bovine pathogen. Very early administration of ibuprofen and GS-561937, a fusion protein inhibitor (FPI), have separately been shown to decrease the severity of bovine RSV. Our aims were to determine how long after RSV inoculation ibuprofen and GS-561937 can be administered with clinical benefit and whether using both was better than monotherapy.

Epiglottic Retroflexion is a Key Indicator of Functional Recovery of Post-stroke Dysphagia.

Objective: To evaluate the longitudinal changes of swallowing kinematics based on videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSSs) in subacute stroke patients grouped according to the method of dietary intake.

Methods: Sixty-nine subacute stroke patients who had taken at least 2 successive VFSSs were included. Subjects were allocated into 3 groups according to the degree of swallowing function recovery-not improved group (tube feeding recommended to patients at both studies), improved group (tube feedings recommended initially to patients and oral feeding recommended at follow-up study), and well-maintained group (oral feeding at both studies recommended to patients).

Rapid Multiplex Testing for Upper Respiratory Pathogens in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Acute upper respiratory tract infections are a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits and often result in unnecessary antibiotic treatment.

Methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the impact of a rapid, multipathogen respiratory panel (RP) test vs usual care (control). Patients were eligible if they were ≥12 months old, had symptoms of upper respiratory infection or influenza-like illness, and were not on antibiotics.

The long-term effect of age on cardiovascular disease in patients with breast cancer who received chemotherapy.

Purpose: As breast cancer survival has significantly improved and patient life expectancy has increased, greater numbers of elderly breast cancer survivors are at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, this study investigated the impact of age on the incidence, mortality, and predictors of CVD following adjuvant chemotherapy in the late period of survivorship.

Methods: 761 Patients who underwent chemotherapy were enrolled and divided into patients aged < 50 years (n = 413, 54.

Comparison of sample preparation procedures of inductively coupled plasma to measure elements in dog's hair.

The pre-treatment condition affects on the element analysis of inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In this study the pre-treatment condition of ICP has been studied to quantify elements in dog's hair. The hair samples were collected from twelve female Beagles by clipping them into 1 or 2 cm at the back neck.

Microstructural Bone Changes Are Associated With Broad-Spectrum Autoimmunity and Predict the Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: To assess if microstructural bone lesions in individuals at risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are related to the spectrum of anti-modified protein antibodies (AMPAs) and affect the risk of developing RA.

Methods: Cortical microchannels as well as cortical and trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) volumes (expressed as mg hydroxyapatite/cm ) were analyzed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the hand joints of individuals at risk of RA. AMPA response was profiled, including reactivities against citrullinated proteins (vimentin, enolase, and fibrinogen) as well as carbamylated and acetylated vimentin.

Effect of drying treatment on the leachability of metallic elements from weathered solid mine wastes.

Leaching of toxic metallic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) from two solid mine wastes was characterized under different drying treatments. During 14 batch decant-refill leaching steps, samples were intermittently dried four times in 40 °C oven or -20 °C freezer. For all leachates, the pH, pE, Fe/Fe, and SO were analyzed.

Algorithm with Patterned Singular Value Approach for Highly Reliable Autonomous Star Identification.

In the work reported in this paper, a lost-in-space star pattern identification algorithm for agile spacecraft was studied. Generally, the operation of a star tracker is known to exhibit serious degradation or even failure during fast attitude maneuvers. While tracking methods are widely used solutions to handle the dynamic conditions, they require prior information about the initial orientation.

IgA subclasses have different effector functions associated with distinct glycosylation profiles.

Monomeric serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) can contribute to the development of various autoimmune diseases, but the regulation of serum IgA effector functions is not well defined. Here, we show that the two IgA subclasses (IgA1 and IgA2) differ in their effect on immune cells due to distinct binding and signaling properties. Whereas IgA2 acts pro-inflammatory on neutrophils and macrophages, IgA1 does not have pronounced effects.

The FANMI ("my FAMILY" in Creole) study to evaluate community-based cohort care for adolescent and young women living with HIV in Haiti: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adolescent girls and young women living with HIV in resource-limited settings have the poorest health outcomes of any age group, due in part to poor retention in care. Differentiated models of HIV care that target the specific challenges of young people living with HIV are urgently needed.

Methods: The FANMI study is an unblinded randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of an adolescent-specific model of HIV care in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Surgical treatment of acute aortic dissection Stanford type A in the third trimester of pregnancy: A case report.

Background: Aortic dissection is rare in pregnancy, but it is often life-threatening. Thus, early diagnosis and optimal treatment are crucial. In addition, regular multidisciplinary care plays an important role in improving the therapeutic outcome.

A simple method to evaluate body condition score to maintain the optimal body weight in dogs.

Overweight and obesity induce serious health problems that exert negative effects on dog's welfare. Body condition score (BCS) is a common method to evaluate the body fat mass in animals. By palpating and observing fats under the skin it is possible to predict animal's body fat accumulation condition.

Simultaneous endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm and coronary artery bypass grafting in an octogenarian: A case report.

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is commonly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in elderly patients. When severe CAD requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with an impending AAA in a high-risk patient, the options for the suitable timing of CABG and AAA repair strategy (one-stage or two-stage) are still being debated.

Presentation Of Case: An 87-year-old man with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and a giant abdominal aortic aneurysm was transferred to our centre.

Degradation behaviors of naproxen by a hybrid TiO photocatalyst system with process components.

A hybrid system combining microwave and a microwave discharge electrodeless lamp (MDEL) was proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional TiO photocatalysts. The degradation efficiency and mechanism of naproxen were determined using a series of single processes, including conventional TiO photocatalyst reactors and a hybrid system that fuses them. Although the degradation efficiency tended to increase after changing the experimental condition of a single process, the optimal conditions existed for these experimental conditions.

Heritability of telomere length across three generations of Korean families.

Background: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL), an indicator of aging, is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors; however, its heritability is unknown. We determined heritability and inheritance patterns of telomere length across three generations of families.

Methods: We analyzed 287 individuals from three generations of 41 Korean families, including newborns, parents, and grandparents.

Correlation between RICTOR overexpression and amplification in advanced solid tumors.

Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) is a key component of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 (mTORC2), and promotes cellular proliferation and survival through the activation of downstream AGC kinase family members. The amplification of RICTOR has been proposed as a therapeutically relevant genomic alteration. However, other than next-generation sequencing, precise diagnostic methods to detect RICTOR amplification in advanced solid cancers have not been fully explored.

5-0 Polypropylene versus 5-0 fast absorbing plain gut for cutaneous wound closure: a randomized evaluator blind trial.

Mixed opinions exist regarding cosmetic outcomes of 5-0 fast absorbing plain (FG) gut relative to nonabsorbable suture material, such as 5-0 polypropylene (PP). High quality randomized trials comparing these two suture materials are lacking. To determine whether the use of PP during layered repair of linear cutaneous surgery wounds improves scar cosmesis compared to wound closure with FG.

Expression of potassium channel genes predicts clinical outcome in lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide and several molecular signatures have been developed to predict survival in lung cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that proliferation and migration to promote tumor growth are associated with dysregulated ion channel expression. In this study, by analyzing high-throughput gene expression data, we identify the differentially expressed K channel genes in lung cancer.

The Effects of 12 Weeks of a Combined Exercise Program on Physical Function and Hormonal Status in Elderly Korean Women.

Aging causes a decline in physical function and hormonal balance. Exercise can improve these parameters. However, the beneficial effects of a combined exercise program (Korean dance and yoga) on physical function and hormonal status in elderly women remain unknown.