Serum GFAP and UCH-L1 Levels for the Assessment of the Absence of Hemorrhagic Transformation: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Currently, validated biomarkers for assessing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) are lacking. We aimed to validate a test combining GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1) to indicate the absence of HT after IVT.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with stroke treated with IVT from 16 hospitals.

Inhibition of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Protects From Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke is often accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammatory response, both of which work synergistically to exacerbate the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and ischemic brain injury. ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase), a cancer-associated receptor tyrosine kinase, was found to play a role in oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we investigated the role of ALK inhibition in a murine model of ischemic stroke.

Carbonylation of Runx2 at K176 by 4-Hydroxynonenal Accelerates Vascular Calcification.

Background: Vascular calcification, which is characterized by calcium deposition in arterial walls and the osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, is an actively regulated process that involves complex mechanisms. Vascular calcification is associated with increased cardiovascular adverse events. The role of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is the most abundant stable product of lipid peroxidation, in vascular calcification has been poorly investigated.

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Pre-pandemic Among Adults Hospitalized With Congestive Heart Failure or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Older Adults.

Background: Data are limited on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the prevention of influenza-related hospitalizations in older adults and those with underlying high-risk comorbidities.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, test-negative, case-control study at 2 US hospitals from October 2018-March 2020 among adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) and adults ≥18 years admitted with congestive heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Adults were eligible if they resided in 1 of 8 counties in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia.

Distinct Inflammatory Milieu in Patients With Right Heart Failure.

Background: Right heart failure (RHF) is associated with worse clinical outcomes. In addition to hemodynamic perturbations, the syndrome of RHF involves liver congestion and dysfunction. The mechanisms that underlie heart-liver interactions are poorly understood and may involve secreted factors.

Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes in Childhood for Survivors of Invasive Group B Streptococcus Disease in Infancy: Findings From 5 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Survivors of invasive group B Streptococcus (iGBS) disease, notably meningitis, are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. However, the limited studies to date have a median follow-up to 18 months and have mainly focused on moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment, with no previous studies on emotional-behavioral problems among iGBS survivors.

Methods: In this multicountry, matched cohort study, we included children aged 18 months to 17 years with infant iGBS sepsis and meningitis from health demographic surveillance systems, or hospital records in Argentina, India, Kenya, Mozambique, and South Africa.

In-the-Bag Versus Ciliary Sulcus Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation for Pediatric Aphakia: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of in-the-bag vs ciliary sulcus secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for pediatric aphakia.

Design: Prospective interventional case series.

Methods: This institutional study was conducted in 202 children (355 aphakic eyes) diagnosed as having congenital cataracts and who underwent cataract extraction before age 24 months.

A SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody with extensive Spike binding coverage and modified for optimal therapeutic outcomes.

COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 constitutes a global public health crisis with enormous economic consequences. Monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can provide an important treatment option to fight COVID-19, especially for the most vulnerable populations. In this work, potent antibodies binding to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein were identified from COVID-19 convalescent patients.

Activation of NF-κB and p300/CBP potentiates cancer chemoimmunotherapy through induction of MHC-I antigen presentation.

Many cancers evade immune rejection by suppressing major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) antigen processing and presentation (AgPP). Such cancers do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies (ICIT) such as PD-1/PD-L1 [PD-(L)1] blockade. Certain chemotherapeutic drugs augment tumor control by PD-(L)1 inhibitors through potentiation of T-cell priming but whether and how chemotherapy enhances MHC-I-dependent cancer cell recognition by cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) is not entirely clear.

Cadmium toxicity reduction in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through iron addition during primary reaction of photosynthesis.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a worldwide concern due to its biotoxicity. Because Cd and Fe are closely associated during plant photosynthesis, this study aims at investigating the mechanism governing Cd toxicity during photosynthetic primary reaction in rice by adjusting Fe concentration. The results show that moderate Fe concentration (1.

Collaborative Regulation of LRG1 by TGF-β1 and PPAR-β/δ Modulates Chronic Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis.

Background: Despite its established significance in fibrotic cardiac remodeling, clinical benefits of global inhibition of TGF (transforming growth factor)-β1 signaling remain controversial. LRG1 (leucine-rich-α2 glycoprotein 1) is known to regulate endothelial TGFβ signaling. This study evaluated the role of LRG1 in cardiac fibrosis and its transcriptional regulatory network in cardiac fibroblasts.

S100a8/a9 Signaling Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cardiomyocyte Death in Response to Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a significant clinical problem without effective therapy. Unbiased omics approaches may reveal key MI/R mediators to initiate MI/R injury.

Methods: We used a dynamic transcriptome analysis of mouse heart exposed to various MI/R periods to identify S100a8/a9 as an early mediator.

Friction factor for turbulent open channel flow covered by vegetation.

The need for operational models describing the friction factor f in streams remains undisputed given its utility across a plethora of hydrological and hydraulic applications concerned with shallow inertial flows. For small-scale roughness elements uniformly covering the wetted parameter of a wide channel, the Darcy-Weisbach f = 8(u/U) is widely used at very high Reynolds numbers, where u is friction velocity related to the surface kinematic stress, U = Q/A is bulk velocity, Q is flow rate, and A is cross-sectional area orthogonal to the flow direction. In natural streams, the presence of vegetation introduces additional complications to quantifying f, the subject of the present work.

Serum Trimethylamine N-Oxide Concentration Is Positively Associated With First Stroke in Hypertensive Patients.

Background and Purpose- Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)-a gut derived metabolite-has been shown to be atherogenic. It remains unknown whether TMAO is associated with the risk of first stroke. We aimed to determine the association between serum TMAO levels and first stroke in hypertensive patients without major cardiovascular diseases and examine any possible effect modifiers.

Genetic Lineage Tracing of Nonmyocyte Population by Dual Recombinases.

Background: Whether the adult mammalian heart harbors cardiac stem cells for regeneration of cardiomyocytes is an important yet contentious topic in the field of cardiovascular regeneration. The putative myocyte stem cell populations recognized without specific cell markers, such as the cardiosphere-derived cells, or with markers such as Sca1, Bmi1, Isl1, or Abcg2 cardiac stem cells have been reported. Moreover, it remains unclear whether putative cardiac stem cells with unknown or unidentified markers exist and give rise to de novo cardiomyocytes in the adult heart.

Structure-Guided Design of Novel, Potent, and Selective Macrocyclic Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitors.

A series of macrocyclic analogues were designed and synthesized based on the cocrystal structure of small molecule plasma kallikrein (pKal) inhibitor, , with the pKal protease domain. This led to the discovery of a potent macrocyclic pKal inhibitor , with an IC of 2 nM for one olefinic isomer and 42.3 nM for the other olefinic isomer.

Integrative Mouse and Human Studies Implicate ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C as Susceptibility Genes to Ischemic Injury.

Background And Purpose: The extent of ischemic injury in response to cerebral ischemia is known to be affected by native vasculature. However, the nonvascular and dynamic vascular responses and their genetic basis are not well understood.

Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study in 235 mice from 33 inbred strains using the middle cerebral artery occlusion model.

[Changes of ocular aberration after wavefront-guided aspherical LASIK for myopia].

Objective: To compare the higher order aberration of wavefront-guided aspherical versus wavefront-guided and Q-value guided aspheric personalized LASIK surgery in the treatment of myopia.

Methods: Prospective study.120 patients with myopia and/or astigmatism(240 eyes) were involved in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2010.

[Inhibition of liver fibrosis by IL-10 gene-modified BMSCs in a rat model].

Objective: To investigate the potential curative effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) overexpressing IL-10 for treating liver fibrosis by using a CCl4-induced rat model.

Methods: BMSCs were cultured and marked by DAPI staining of the cells' nuclei. Meanwhile, 60 Wistar rats were treated with CCl4 to induce liver fibrosis and randomly divided into three groups: A: injected with DAPI-marked BMSCs transfected with pcDNA3.

[Effects of mutant kringle 5 eye drops on the survival time of corneal allografts in rat].

Objective: To investigate the preventative effect of mutant kringle 5 (mK5) eye drops on corneal allograft rejection.

Methods: It was a experimental study. The outbred strain F344 and Lewis rats were used as donors and recipients respectively.

Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B: progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in China.

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B, called a "superbug", is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex worldwide. In this report, the invasive mechanism and management of B. tabaci biotype B, based on our 5-year studies, are presented.

[The effects of dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rate on solute clearance during continuous renal replacement therapy].

Objective: To study the solute clearance during various forms of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) and test the formulas that allow the prediction of the influence of dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rate on small solute removal during CRRT.

Method: Five patients with acute renal failure were included in the study and were treated by venovenous CRRT using the PRISMA predilution system. Solute clearance of urea nitrogen(UN), creatinine(Cr), uric acid(Ua), phosphate(P) and beta(2)-microglobulin(beta(2)-M) were evaluated during CRRT with different dialysates and ultrafiltration flow rates.