Preoperative serum total bilirubin-albumin ratio as a prognostic indicator in patients with hepatitis-related cirrhosis after splenectomy.

Background: Splenectomy is an effective yet invasive intervention for alleviating portal pressure in patients with hepatitis cirrhosis. However, the current prognostic indicators for predicting long-term overall survival of these patients have several limitations.

Aim: To assess the potential of preoperative total bilirubin-albumin (B/A) ratio as a prognostic indicator for patients with hepatitis cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy.

Unusual Cutaneous Manifestations in a Patient with a History of Hepatitis B: A Case of Scleromyxedema and Literature Review.

Scleromyxedema (SM) is a rare primary cutaneous mucinosis characterized by systemic papules and scleroderma-like manifestations, often associated with monoclonal gammopathy. We present the case of a 37-year-old male with SM who developed yellowish plaques on the neck and back over three years. Histopathological examination revealed mucin deposition, fibroblast proliferation, and fibrosis, supporting the diagnosis.

One-step antifouling coating of polystyrene using engineered polypeptides.

Unwanted nonspecific adsorption caused by biomolecules influences the lifetime of biomedical devices and the sensing performance of biosensors. Previously, we have designed B-M-E triblock proteins that rapidly assemble on inorganic surfaces (gold and silica) and render those surfaces antifouling. The B-M-E triblock proteins have a surface-binding domain B, a multimerization domain M and an antifouling domain E.

Benzo[a]pyrene exposure and incident risks of digestive system cancers: Insights from nested case-control studies and adverse outcome pathway network analysis.

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a recognized carcinogen for lung cancer, but its associations with digestive system cancers (DSCs) remain unclear and the common carcinogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. We conducted five nested case-control studies within the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, including esophageal (EC, n = 58), gastric (GC, n = 103), colorectal (CRC, n = 220), hepatic (HC, n = 117), and pancreatic cancers (PC, n = 45). For each case, two sex and age ( ± 5 years) matched healthy controls were selected.

Toward expert-level medical question answering with large language models.

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering, with Med-PaLM being the first to exceed a 'passing' score in United States Medical Licensing Examination style questions. However, challenges remain in long-form medical question answering and handling real-world workflows. Here, we present Med-PaLM 2, which bridges these gaps with a combination of base LLM improvements, medical domain fine-tuning and new strategies for improving reasoning and grounding through ensemble refinement and chain of retrieval.

Forsythoside B ameliorates neuroinflammation via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome of glial cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.

Neuroinflammation mediated by glial cells plays a crucial role in demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a multiple sclerosis (MS) model. Forsythoside B (FTS·B), a natural phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the dried fruits and leaves of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, has been found to have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

CBL/Cbl-b mediates Fas degradation to reduce neuronal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Fas has been shown to positively regulate the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells in mouse models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Fas protein expression is regulated by ubiquitination but has not been further studied. In this study, we investigated the role of the Fas ubiquitin ligase in Th17 cell differentiation and highlighted its potential as a therapeutic target for EAE.

[Influence of etiology on the efficacy of ansa cervicalis anterior root-recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis in the treatment of unilateral vocal ford paralysis].

To explore the efficacy of ansa cervicalis anterior root-recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) anastomosis in the treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) and to analyze the effect of different pathogenic factors on efficacy. From January 2010 to January 2022, 428 patients (187 males and 241 females) at Changhai Hospital with UVFP who underwent ansa cervicalis anterior root-RLN anastomosis due to thyroid surgery, thoracic surgery, idiopathic vocal ford paralysis or high cranial base injury were analyzed. The course of nerve injury ranged from 6 to 24 months.

A low-toxicity uranyl-selective-binding linear pentapeptide sequence as a potential uranium decorporation agent.

Searching for highly selective, efficient, and low-toxicity chelating agents is central to resolving uranium contamination . Peptides composed of amino acids exhibit very low toxicity for accumulation in the human body and have been proven effective in chelating actinides within the human body. Herein, we report a rationally designed short phosphorylated peptide sequence PP-B, which exhibits high affinity and selectivity for uranyl compared to other trace elements present in the body (such as Na, K, Ca, Co, Fe, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn).

Evaluation of Olaparib Tablet Safety and Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Chinese Male Subjects.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of olaparib tablet test formulation (T) and reference formulation (R) in healthy Chinese male subjects.

Subjects And Methods: This was a single-dose, randomized-sequence, two-way crossover study including three parts: part A: a safety exploration design in lower dose (n = 14, 100 mg), part B: a pivotal comparative pharmacokinetic (PK) trial under fast condition (n = 44, 150 mg) and part C: a pivotal comparative PK trial under food condition (n = 44, 150 mg). Blood samples were collected for 72 hours and the PK parameters of C, AUC and AUC were used to evaluate PK differences.

Phenotypic and genotypic correlates of the sodium bicarbonate-responsive phenotype among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from skin and soft-tissue infections.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the frequency of the novel sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO)-responsive phenotype, wherein clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates are rendered susceptible to standard-of-care β-lactams in the presence of NaHCO, in a collection of 103 clinical U.S. MRSA skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI) isolates and 22 clinical European SSTI isolates.

[Comparative therapeutic efficacy of tenofovir amibufenamide versus tenofovir alafenamide in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B: a real-world single- center study].

To compare the real-world efficacy and safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamid (TMF) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) tablets in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This retrospective study included patients with chronic hepatitis B who received TMF and TAF antiviral treatment at the Infectious Disease Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to December 2023. The primary and secondary outcome was to study the patient HBV DNA conversion rate (<20 IU/ml), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization rate, renal function, and lipid levels of patients at 48 weeks of treatment.

Adjunctive Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Subdural Hematoma.

Background: Subacute and chronic subdural hematomas are common and frequently recur after surgical evacuation. The effect of adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization on the risk of reoperation remains unclear.

Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, interventional, adaptive-design trial, we randomly assigned patients with symptomatic subacute or chronic subdural hematoma with an indication for surgical evacuation to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization plus surgery (treatment group) or surgery alone (control group).

[Safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamide therapy extension or switching in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase Ⅲ multicenter, randomized controlled trial].

In chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with previous 96-week treatment with tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), we investigated the safety profile of sequential TMF treatment from 96 to 144 weeks. Enrolled subjects that previously assigned (2:1) to receive either 25 mg TMF or 300 mg TDF with matching placebo for 96 weeks received extending or switching TMF treatment for 48 weeks. Safety profiles of kidney, bone, metabolism, body weight, and others were evaluated.

[Efficacy evaluation of extending or switching to tenofovir amibufenamide in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase Ⅲ randomized controlled study].

In chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with previous 96-week treatment with tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), we investigated the efficacy of sequential TMF treatment from 96 to 144 weeks. Enrolled subjects who were previously assigned (2:1) to receive either 25 mg TMF or 300 mg TDF with matching placebo for 96 weeks received extended or switched TMF treatment for 48 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated based on virological, serological, biological parameters, and fibrosis staging.

Tenofovir alafenamide versus entecavir in treating patients with chronic hepatitis B: A meta-analysis.

Background: The superiority between TAF and ETV remains unclear. Which is the best choice for patients with CHB? Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAF and ETV for patients with CHB.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI were searched for eligible studies from inception to January 2024 and a meta-analysis was done.

Principles of paralog-specific targeted protein degradation engaging the C-degron E3 KLHDC2.

PROTAC® (proteolysis-targeting chimera) molecules induce proximity between an E3 ligase and protein-of-interest (POI) to target the POI for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Cooperative E3-PROTAC-POI complexes have potential to achieve neo-substrate selectivity beyond that established by POI binding to the ligand alone. Here, we extend the collection of ubiquitin ligases employable for cooperative ternary complex formation to include the C-degron E3 KLHDC2.

Coplanar Atropochiral 5H-Cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dipyridine Ligands: Synthesis and Applications in Asymmetric Ring-Opening Reaction.

Bipyridines represent a class of ligands renowned for their versatility and efficacy in numerous transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Chiral bipyridine ligands are noted for their distinctive reactivity and stereoselectivity. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a class of bipyridine ligands endowed with an axially chiral scaffold.

TL promotes gut health of broilers by the contribution of bacterial extracellular polysaccharides through its anti-inflammatory potential.

The focal point of probiotic efficacy and a crucial factor influencing poultry cultivation lies in the level of intestinal inflammation. In conventional farming processes, the reduction of intestinal inflammation generally proves advantageous for poultry growth. This study investigated the impact of TL (B.