[Hallux valgus : Etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic principles].

Hallux valgus-the most common forefoot deformity-can cause both pain and decreased mobility. The development and progress of the hallux valgus is a multifactorial process. Different intrinsic and extrinsic causes are responsible.

Humeral head necrosis after proximal humeral nailing: what are the reasons for bad outcomes?

Introduction: Humeral head necrosis (HHN) remains a major problem in fracture care. Neither its occurrence, its extend, nor its impact on clinical outcomes is predictable on the long term. This study was designed to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes in patients depending on the influence of HHN.

Compartment syndrome following thrombolysis: clinical features and associated conditions.

Major complications of thrombolysis are intracranial and extracranial bleedings. Compartment syndrome (CS) as a serious adverse event is sparsely reported. The purpose of the study is to present a systematic review of the literature on this complication based on a case vignette.

How to prevent cut-out and cut-through in biaxial proximal femoral nails: is there anything beyond lag screw positioning and tip-apex distance?

Purpose: Hip perforation is a major complication in proximal femoral nailing. For biaxial nails, knowledge of their biomechanics is limited. Besides re-evaluation of accepted risk factors like the tip-apex distance (TAD), we analysed the influence of anti-rotational pin length.

An innovative technique of rear entry creation for retrograde humeral nailing: how to avoid iatrogenic comminution.

Background: Antegrade and retrograde nails are widely used for intramedullary fixation of humeral shaft fractures. Creating the rear entry is the crucial step for retrograde nailing. The common manual technique is associated with considerable risks of additional iatrogenic comminution of the distal humerus.