The biomechanical implications of lacunar and perilacunar microarchitecture on microdamage accumulation in cortical bone.

: This study aimed to explore how the microarchitectural features of lacunae and perilacunar zones impact the biomechanics of microdamage accumulation in cortical bone, crucial for understanding bone disorders' pathogenesis and developing preventive measures. : Utilizing the phase field finite element method, the study analyzed three bone unit models with varying microarchitecture: one without lacunae, one with lacunae and one including perilacunar zones, to assess their effects on cortical bone's biomechanical properties. : The presence of lacunae was found to increase microcrack initiation risk, acting as nucleation points and accelerating microcrack propagation.

Fecal propionate is a signature of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the roles of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: The levels of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in 83 patients with PCOS and 63 controls were measured, and their relationships with various metabolic parameters were analyzed. Intestinal microbiome analysis was conducted to identify relevant bacteria.

In situ synthesis of HKUST-1 on copper-ammonia fiber for preparation of quaternary-ammonium chitosan based active packaging with sustained-release cinnamaldehyde.

Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is gaining interest as a highly effective natural antimicrobial agent to extend the shelf life of fruits. However, its inherent instability limits further applications. In this work, a new strategy for the synthesis of HKUST-1 to encapsulate CINs by in situ growth method using copper-ammonia fiber as precursors is proposed.

Characterization changes and research waste in randomized controlled trials of global gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatus hernia over the past 20 years.

Background: The results of many large randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have transformed clinical practice in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal hiatal hernia (HH). However, research waste (i.e.

Case Report: Baricitinib improved alopecia areata in a pediatric patient with atopic dermatitis.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common non-scarring hair loss condition whose specific pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. In children, AA often co-occurs with atopic dermatitis (AD), complicating treatment. Here, we report the case of a child with myasthenia gravis who had severe AA and moderate AD.